PIWI family proteins as prognostic markers in cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Mentis, Alexios-Fotios A; Dardiotis, Efthimios; Romas, Nicholas A.; Papavassiliou, Athanasios G.

doi:10.1007/s00018-019-03403-y

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 127 publications

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“…Recently, PIWI family proteins have been considered as prognostic markers for various malignancies. A systematic review and meta-analysis showed that PIWI family proteins have the potential to indicate the prognosis of various cancer, and lower PIWIL4 expression levels indicate worse prognosis in cancer [ 46 ]. Iliev et al demonstrated that decreased expression levels of PIWIL4 indicated worse long-term survival in patients with renal cell carcinoma [ 47 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

PIWIL4 and SUPT5H combine to predict prognosis and immune landscape in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma

et al. 2021

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Background Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is a fatal primary liver cancer, and its long-term survival rate remains poor. RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) play an important role in critical cellular processes, failure of any one or more processes can lead to the development of multiple cancers. This study aimed to explore pivotal biomarkers and corresponding mechanisms to predict the prognosis of patients with ICC. Methods The transcriptomic and clinical information of patients were collected from The Cancer Genome Atlas and Gene Expression Omnibus databases. Bioinformatic methods were used to identify survival-related and differentially-expressed biomarkers. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and immunohistochemistry were used to detect the expression levels of key biomarkers in independent real-world cohorts. Subsequently, a prognostic signature was constructed that effectively distinguished patients in the high- and low-risk groups. Independent prognosis analysis was used to verify the signature’s independent predictive capabilities, and two nomograms were developed to predict survival. Results PIWIL4 and SUPT5H were identified and considered as pivotal biomarkers, and the same expression trends of upregulation in ICC were also validated via qRT-PCR and immunohistochemistry in the separate real-world sample cohorts. The prognostic signature showed good predictive capabilities according to the area under the curve. The correlation of the biomarkers with the tumour microenvironment suggested that the high riskScore was positively related to the enrichment of resting natural killer cells and activated memory CD4 + T cells. Conclusion In the present study, we demonstrated that PIWIL4 and SUPT5H could be used as novel prognostic biomarkers to develop a prognostic signature. This study provides potential biomarkers of prognostic value for patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

PIWIL4 and SUPT5H combine to predict prognosis and immune landscape in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma

et al. 2021

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“…Identified as nuclear proteins, there are four human Piwis: PiwiL1, PiwiL2, PiwiL3 and PiwiL4 (39). These proteins form the piRISC complex with piRNA to regulate germline transposable elements and the protein-coding gene transposable elements in soma (13,40).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of piRNA expression spectra in a non‑alcoholic fatty liver disease mouse model induced by a methionine‑ and choline‑deficient diet

ma¹,

Huang

Ding

et al. 2020

Exp Ther Med

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Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become a common health issue worldwide, and P-element-induced wimpy testis (PIWI)-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) have been shown to be differentially expressed in a variety of diseases. The aim of the present study was to investigate the potential relationship between piRNA and NAFLD. A NAFLD mouse model was established using a methionine-and choline-deficient (MCD) diet and methionine-and choline-sufficient (MCS) diet. Following this, mouse liver tissues were removed and stained with hematoxylin and eosin, and the levels of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, total cholesterol and triglyceride were measured. Moreover, the liver tissues of the control and model groups were selected for piRNA gene chip analysis to identify piRNAs with differential expression in NAFLD. In addition, the differentially expressed piRNAs screened from the microarray were assessed by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). piRNAs with potential research value were also selected for further analysis of target genes, using Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways. The present study identified a total of 1,285 piRNAs with differential expression levels. The results indicated that in the model group, 641 piRNAs were upregulated, while 644 piRNAs were downregulated. Furthermore, piRNAs were enriched in 'cancer', 'Hippo signaling', 'Wnt signaling' and 'Mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling' pathways. The RT-qPCR results demonstrated that piRNA DQ566704 and piRNA DQ723301 were significantly upregulated in the model group, which was largely consistent with the analysis results of the piRNA arrays. Therefore, the results of the piRNA arrays and the further analyses in the present study were considered reliable. Collectively, the present results suggest that differentially expressed piRNAs exist in NAFLD and may affect the development of NAFLD via related pathways.

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“…So far, four PIWI family proteins have been identified in humans: PIWIL1 (HIWI), PIWIL2 (HILI), PIWIL3, and PIWIL4 (HIWI2). Among the PIWI family, the most studied cancers were colorectal cancer and breast cancer, and PIWIL1 is the most studied protein among the PIWI family (8).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similar to piwil1's expression pattern in normal tissues, testicular cancer had the largest proportion of samples with high piwil1 expression. Most cancer types displayed very low piwil1 expression (i.e., very few samples with an expression of >5 FPKM) (8). PIWIL1 rs10773771 C>T is associated with a risk of large artery atherosclerosis stroke (10).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

PIWIL1 gene polymorphism and pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia relapse susceptibility among Chinese children: a five-center case–control study

Ding,

Wang,

Cai

et al. 2023

Front. Oncol.

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ObjectivePIWIL1 polymorphisms’ role in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) relapse susceptibility remains undiscovered.MethodsA case–control designed and multiple logistic regression model was performed to evaluate the overall risk of pediatric ALL and five single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of PIWIL1 gene (rs35997018 C>T, rs1106042 A>G, rs7957349 C>G, rs10773771 C>T, and rs10848087 A>G) in 785 cases and 1,323 controls, which were genotyped by TaqMan assay. The odds ratio (OR) and its 95% confidence interval (CI) were used to estimate the relationship. Stratified analysis was used to investigate the correlation of rs1106042 and rs10773771 genotypes and pediatric ALL relapse susceptibility in terms of age, sex, number of white blood cells (WBC), immunophenotyping, gene fusion type, karyotype, primitive/naïve lymphocytes, and minimal residual disease (MRD) in bone marrow. Finally, the haplotype analysis was performed to appraise the relationship between inferred haplotypes of PIWIL1 and pediatric ALL risk.ResultsAmong the five analyzed SNPs, rs1106042 A>G was related to increased ALL risk, and rs10773771 C>T was related to decreased ALL risk. Compared to the GG genotype, the rs1106042 GA/AA had a deleterious effect on children of age <120 months, who were female and male, had high or average number of WBC, pro-B ALL, pre-B ALL, T-ALL, low- and middle-risk ALL, E2A-PBX fusion gene, non-gene fusion, abnormal diploid, high hyperdiploid, hypodiploid, and normal diploid. Moreover, rs1106042 A>G harmfully affected primitive/naïve lymphocytes and MRD on days 15–19, day 33, and week 12. On the contrary, rs10773771 TC/CC exhibited a protective effect on ALL children with the TEL-AML fusion gene. Haplotype analysis demonstrated that haplotypes CAGT, TACC, TACT, and TAGT were significantly associated with increased pediatric ALL relapse susceptibility.ConclusionPIWIL1 rs1106042 A>G was related to increased ALL risk, and rs10773771 C>T was linked to decreased ALL risk in eastern Chinese children. Rs1106042 GA/AA may predict poor prognosis.

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PIWI family proteins as prognostic markers in cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Cited by 12 publications

References 127 publications

PIWIL4 and SUPT5H combine to predict prognosis and immune landscape in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma

PIWIL4 and SUPT5H combine to predict prognosis and immune landscape in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma

Analysis of piRNA expression spectra in a non‑alcoholic fatty liver disease mouse model induced by a methionine‑ and choline‑deficient diet

PIWIL1 gene polymorphism and pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia relapse susceptibility among Chinese children: a five-center case–control study

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