PKC Is a Target to Modulate the Expression of Receptor Mediated Endocytosis (RME) Mice Macrophages BALB/c for Optimizing the Phagocytosis toward Candida albicans

Abstract

Introduction: The existence of receptor-mediated endocytosis (RME) means that selectivity and selectivity occurs in capturing macromolecules. Protein kinase C (PKC) which can be expressed by almost all cells are proteins important in signal transduction groove that plays a role in a number of cell activity, e.g. phagocytosis. Aims: The purpose of this study is to determine the expression of RME after modulating the PKC which is characterized by the number of Candida albicans cells attached to the surface of macrophages. Methods: Peritoneal macrophages cultured BALB/c mice are treated with PMA and/or bisindolylmaleimides of providing levels of 5 ng/ml to 100 ng/ml for 10 minutes. Then immediately insert Candida albicans and observe every 30 minutes for 120 minutes. The research design used the same subject. Data collected in the form of number of Candida albicans cells attached to the surface of macrophages are analyzed with ANOVA statistical test (one way) to show the differences between treatments. Results: The test shows statistically significant difference in the number of Candida albicans cells attached to the surface of macrophages after administration of various levels of PMA (p < 0.001). The higher level of PMA is given, the more active the PKC is, the more RME are formed, the more Candida albicans cells attached to the surface of macrophages. Another result shows statistically significant difference in the number of Candida albicans cells attached to the surface of macrophages after administration of various levels of bisindolylmaleimides (p < 0.001). The higher level of bisindolylmaleimide is given, the less active PKC is, and the less RME are formed, the less Candida albicans cells attached to the surface of macrophages. Conclusion: Research shows that activator PKC (PMA) can increase the expression of RME on macrophages. Another research shows that inhibitor PKC (bisindolylmaleimides) can decrease the expression of RME on macrophages.

Tumoricidal Activation of Macrophages using Jatropha curcas Leaf Extract: As a Proxy for the Treatment of Cancer

“…Recently, Oskoueian et al [9] reported that extract of root and latex of J. curcas plant which contained phenolics, flavonoid and saponins showed notable antioxidant, anticancer and anti-inflammatory activities. These compounds have been reported to be involved in the biological activities of the plants [10]. Ricinus communis is a same species of plant that can vary greatly in growth patterns and appearance.…”