Pl 17 is a novel gene independent of known downy mildew resistance genes in the cultivated sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)

Qi, Lili; Long, Yunming; Jan, C. C.; J., G.; Gulya, T. J.

doi:10.1007/s00122-015-2470-8

Cited by 59 publications

(91 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…Until a satisfactory method, in laboratory or field, is developed, major genes will continue to be the basis in breeding for downy mildew resistance. Wild Helianthus annuus appears to be a good source of genes, several new ones have been identified recently (Qi et al, 2015(Qi et al, , 2016Vear et al, 2008). In the last publication, the authors made the interesting remark that many ecotypes with downy mildew resistance come from dry or desert areas (Texas) where no downy mildew is observed.…”

Section: Downy Mildewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in sunflower breeding over the last fifty years

Vear¹

2016

OCL

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-This article discusses changes in sunflower breeding objectives since the introduction of hybrid varieties 50 years ago. After a reminder of the importance of some early programmes, Canadian in particular, the present situation for each breeding objective is compared with those encountered earlier. Breeding for yield has changed from maximum possible yield under intensive agriculture to yield with resistance to abiotic stresses, moderate droughts and shallow soils in particular, helped by collaboration with agronomists to produce crop models. Breeding for oil has changed from quantity to quality and the value of seed meal is again becoming economically important. Necessary disease resistances vary with agronomic practises and selection pressure on pathogens according to varietal genetics. The possibilities of new types of sunflower are also discussed. Advances in genomics will change breeding procedures, but with rapidly changing molecular techniques, international collaboration is particularly important.Keywords: Hybrid / yield / oil / disease resistance / genomics Résumé -Sélection du tournesol : tour d'horizon de 50 années d'évolution. Cet article discute des changements intervenus dans les objectifs de sélection du tournesol depuis l'introduction des variétés hybrides, il y a 50 ans. Après un rappel des premiers programmes, le canadien en particulier, la situation actuelle pour chaque objectif est comparée à celle rencontrée 50 ans auparavant. L'objectif de la sélection pour le rendement en grain ne vise plus en priorité un rendement maximum en conditions d'agriculture intensive mais un rendement maintenu sous stress abiotiques, séche-resses modérées ou sols peu profonds. Cette sélection est maintenant aidée par la collaboration avec des spécialistes en modélisation agronomique. La sélection relative à l'huile concerne maintenant plus souvent des qualités spécifiques que la teneur de la graine, tandis que le tourteau redevient de valeur économique significative. Les résistances aux maladies nécessaires pour les variétés actuelles varient selon les pratiques agricoles et les génétiques prépondérantes. La possibilité de changer radicalement d'architecture ou de cycle de culture est discutée. Les avances en génomiques vont modifier les procédures de sélection, mais une bonne collaboration internationale s'avère très importante vu les changements rapides dans les techniques moléculaires. Mots clés :Hybride / rendement / huile / résistance aux maladies / génomique

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Section: Downy Mildewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in sunflower breeding over the last fifty years

Vear¹

2016

OCL

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“…More than 20 Pl loci ( Pl1 to Pl21, Pl Arg , Pl PMI3 ), conferring resistance to at least one pathotype of P. halstedii , have been described and 13 of them mapped in sunflower in six main clusters localized on five different linkage groups (LG) (LG 1, 2, 4, 8, and 13), but none has been cloned so far (see for review, Gascuel et al, 2015; Qi et al, 2015, 2016). Resistance to pathotype 710 of P. halstedii , a widely spread pathotype in France, is observed with different Pl loci (Gascuel et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

RXLR and CRN Effectors from the Sunflower Downy Mildew Pathogen Plasmopara halstedii Induce Hypersensitive-Like Responses in Resistant Sunflower Lines

et al. 2016

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Plasmopara halstedii is an obligate biotrophic oomycete causing downy mildew disease on sunflower, Helianthus annuus, an economically important oil crop. Severe symptoms of the disease (e.g., plant dwarfism, leaf bleaching, sporulation and production of infertile flower) strongly impair seed yield. Pl resistance genes conferring resistance to specific P. halstedii pathotypes were located on sunflower genetic map but yet not cloned. They are present in cultivated lines to protect them against downy mildew disease. Among the 16 different P. halstedii pathotypes recorded in France, pathotype 710 is frequently found, and therefore continuously controlled in sunflower by different Pl genes. High-throughput sequencing of cDNA from P. halstedii led us to identify potential effectors with the characteristic RXLR or CRN motifs described in other oomycetes. Expression of six P. halstedii putative effectors, five RXLR and one CRN, was analyzed by qRT-PCR in pathogen spores and in the pathogen infecting sunflower leaves and selected for functional analyses. We developed a new method for transient expression in sunflower plant leaves and showed for the first time subcellular localization of P. halstedii effectors fused to a fluorescent protein in sunflower leaf cells. Overexpression of the CRN and of 3 RXLR effectors induced hypersensitive-like cell death reactions in some sunflower near-isogenic lines resistant to pathotype 710 and not in susceptible corresponding lines, suggesting they could be involved in Pl loci-mediated resistances.

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“…The NMS HA 89 was induced by streptomycin treatment of HA 89 that possessed a single recessive nuclear male sterility gene ms9 , released by the USDA-ARS and the North Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station, Fargo, ND in 1990 (Jan and Rutger, 1988; Chen et al, 2006). HA 458 is a high oleic and downy mildew resistant germplasm carrying the Pl 17 gene released by USDA-ARS and the North Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station, Fargo, ND in 2010 (Hulke et al, 2010; Qi et al, 2015). Both HA 89 and HA 458 are susceptible to BSR disease.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genotyping-by-Sequencing Uncovers the Introgression Alien Segments Associated with Sclerotinia Basal Stalk Rot Resistance from Wild Species—I. Helianthus argophyllus and H. petiolaris

Long

Talukder

et al. 2016

Front. Genet.

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Basal stalk rot (BSR), caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, is a devastating disease in sunflower worldwide. The progress of breeding for Sclerotinia BSR resistance has been hampered due to the lack of effective sources of resistance for cultivated sunflower. Our objective was to transfer BSR resistance from wild annual Helianthus species into cultivated sunflower and identify the introgressed alien segments associated with BSR resistance using a genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) approach. The initial crosses were made between the nuclear male sterile HA 89 with the BSR resistant plants selected from wild Helianthus argophyllus and H. petiolaris populations in 2009. The selected resistant F1 plants were backcrossed to HA 458 and HA 89, respectively. Early generation evaluations of BSR resistance were conducted in the greenhouse, while the BC2F3 and subsequent generations were evaluated in the inoculated field nurseries. Eight introgression lines; six from H. argophyllus (H.arg 1 to H.arg 6), and two from H. petiolaris (H.pet 1 and H.pet 2), were selected. These lines consistently showed high levels of BSR resistance across seven environments from 2012 to 2015 in North Dakota and Minnesota, USA. The mean BSR disease incidence (DI) for H.arg 1 to H.arg 6, H.pet 1, and H.pet 2 was 3.0, 3.2, 0.8, 7.2, 7.7, 1.9, 2.5, and 4.4%, compared to a mean DI of 36.1% for Cargill 270 (susceptible hybrid), 31.0% for HA 89 (recurrent parent), 19.5% for HA 441 (resistant inbred), and 11.6% for Croplan 305 (resistant hybrid). Genotyping of the highly BSR resistant introgression lines using GBS revealed the presence of the H. argophyllus segments in linkage groups (LGs) 3, 8, 9, 10, and 11 of the sunflower genome, and the H. petiolaris segments only in LG8. The shared polymorphic SNP loci in the introgression lines were detected in LGs 8, 9, 10, and 11, indicating the common introgression regions potentially associated with BSR resistance. Additionally, a downy mildew resistance gene, Pl17, derived from one of the parents, HA 458, was integrated into five introgression lines. Germplasms combining resistance to Sclerotinia BSR and downy mildew represent a valuable genetic source for sunflower breeding to combat these two destructive diseases.

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Pl 17 is a novel gene independent of known downy mildew resistance genes in the cultivated sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)

Cited by 59 publications

References 63 publications

Changes in sunflower breeding over the last fifty years

Changes in sunflower breeding over the last fifty years

RXLR and CRN Effectors from the Sunflower Downy Mildew Pathogen Plasmopara halstedii Induce Hypersensitive-Like Responses in Resistant Sunflower Lines

Genotyping-by-Sequencing Uncovers the Introgression Alien Segments Associated with Sclerotinia Basal Stalk Rot Resistance from Wild Species—I. Helianthus argophyllus and H. petiolaris

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