Placenta-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Reduce the Interleukin-5 Level Experimentally in Children with Asthma

Abstract

Background: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been investigated as a new treatment option for various diseases in recent years. However, the role of placenta-derived MSCs in children with asthma remains unclear. We assessed the effect of placenta-derived MSCs on T cell immune responses and cytokine IL-5 levels according to cultures in children with and without asthma. Study design: We enrolled children with and without asthma and recorded asthma symptom scores in the asthma group. Blood samples from children were collected to isolate peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and determine the total IgE level. The PBMCs were cultured in vitro with or without MSCs after stimulation with human anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 antibodies (0.5 μg/mL) to evaluate the effect of placenta-derived MSCs. Flow cytometry was performed to detect the activation and proliferation of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. Pre-and post-culture IL-5 levels were measured in all samples. Results: The percentages of activation and proliferation among CD4+ and CD8+ T cells after coculture with MSCs were significantly lower in the asthma group (P < 0.05). IL-5 levels differed significantly between the PBMC culture and PBMC + MSC (P+S) coculture in the asthma group (P < 0.05). IL-5 levels differed significantly between the PBMC culture and P+S coculture in both the lower (P < 0.05) and higher (P < 0.0005) IgE asthma subgroups. IL-5 levels were also decreased in children with all severities of asthma (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Placenta-derived MSCs exerted an anti-IL-5 effect and reduced the IL-5 level in culture in different subgroups of children with asthma.

Recent findings on perinatal mesenchymal stem cells – their possible application in current advanced medicine

“…They discovered that the CD4+ and CD8+ T cells' activation and proliferation and IL-5 levels were significantly decreased in cultures with MSCs. These results suggest that placental-derived MSCs therapy can inhibit inflammation in children with asthma [25]. Park et al analyzed the possible application of placental MSCs in the treatment of Grave's ophthalmopathy.…”

Human placenta-derived stem cells - recent findings based on the molecular science

“…It has been established that cell populations classified as hCMSC could be effectively isolated from the various regions of term placentas such as cho-rionic plate and villous chorion [24]. Samples could be obtained from either the patients who underwent the cesarean section procedure or delivered vaginally [24,28,29]. The fragments of chorionic tissue are surgically dissected from the placentas.…”

“…To be exact, they have immunosuppressive properties, which could be used in the autoimmune diseases' treatment protocols [37]. PD-MSCs also reduce the blood concentrations of interleukin-5, which could have a significant impact on the treatment of asthma [29]. Other studies proved that PD-MSCs and their exosomes demonstrate proangiogenic activity so that they might be a new treatment method for ischemic diseases or dermal wounds [24,[38][39][40].…”

Emerging Cell-Based Therapies in Chronic Lung Diseases: What About Asthma?

“…Thus, BM-MSC exosomes may prevent the disadvantages of BM-MSCs and be a potential therapeutic agent for asthma ( Du et al, 2018 ). Moreover, BM-MSC exosomes presents high level miR-1470 which promote the differentiation of CD4 + CD25 + FOXP3+ Tregs in PBMCs of asthmatic patients by inducing the expression of P27KIP1( Zhuansun et al, 2019 ) In another recent study, hPMSCs were cultured with PBMCs from children with asthma, reducing CD4 + and CD8+T activation and proliferation and significantly decreasing IL-5 levels ( Lin et al, 2019 ). Therefore, considering the inadequate response to conventional treatment, administration of hPMSCs could be a good option.…”