Placental Restriction Increases the Expression of Prostaglandin Endoperoxide G/H Synthase-2 and EP2 mRNA in the Fetal Sheep Kidney during Late Gestation

WILLIAMS, S. J.

doi:10.1203/01.pdr.0000036624.37481.7a

Cited by 4 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The upregulation of PTGS2 (39) and PFKP (40) and the downregulation of ENO2 (40) in the ileum as well as the downregulation of ELF2 (41) in the colon may be related to hypoxia, as previously reported in mammal fetuses or cell lines. In addition, the expression of most genes in lipid (OSBPL1A, MTTP, ECHS1, and APOA1 in ileum and APMAP in colon), glucose (PFKP in ileum and ALG6, B4GALT6, and UGCGL2 in colon), and protein (EIF4EBP2, CORIN, RPS43, and RPS2 in ileum) metabolism was increased in piglets with IUGR.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

Intrauterine Growth Restriction Modifies the Developmental Pattern of Intestinal Structure, Transcriptomic Profile, and Bacterial Colonization in Neonatal Pigs

d'Inca

Kloareg

Guen

et al. 2010

The Journal of Nutrition

126

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Neonates with intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) are prone to suffer from digestive diseases. Using neonatal pigs with IUGR, we tested the hypothesis that IUGR may induce alterations in the developmental pattern of intestinal barrier and thereby may be responsible for IUGR-associated increased morbidity. Piglets with a birth weight near the mean birth weight (+/-0.5 SD) were identified as normal birth weight (control) and piglets with a mean -2 SD lower birth weight (-30%) were defined as piglets with IUGR. The developmental pattern of intestinal structure, transcriptomic profile, and bacterial colonization was investigated from birth to d 5 postnatal. At birth, intestinal weight and length, ileal and colonic weight per unit of length, and villous sizes were lower (P < 0.05) in piglets with IUGR than in same-age control piglets. These IUGR-induced intestinal alterations further persisted, although they were less marked at d 5. Counts of adherent bacteria to ileal and colonic mucosa were greater (P < 0.05) in 2-d-old piglets with IUGR than in same-age control piglets. Dynamic analyses of the transcriptomic profile of the intestine revealed molecular evidence of IUGR-induced intestinal growth impairment that may result from a change in the cell proliferation-apoptosis balance during the first days of life, while a protective process would occur later on. In addition, changes in the expression of several genes suggest a pivotal role of both glucocorticoids and microbiota in driving IUGR intestinal development during the neonatal period.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

Intrauterine Growth Restriction Modifies the Developmental Pattern of Intestinal Structure, Transcriptomic Profile, and Bacterial Colonization in Neonatal Pigs

d'Inca

Kloareg

Guen

et al. 2010

The Journal of Nutrition

126

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“…) and increased prostaglandin synthesis to maintain renin gene expression in the kidney (Williams et al. ). It is possible that the programming in the kidney is different than that in the heart and renal RAS is relevant in terms of the measured changes in the systemic concentrations of renin activity and ANGII.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is possible that differences in the timing, duration, and degree of hypoxia and thus growth restriction between these models (Morrison 2008) may explain differences in the activation of the systemic RAS. In this sheep model of IUGR there are documented changes in RAS in fetal life, including a greater hypotensive response to an ACE inhibitor (Edwards et al 1999) and increased prostaglandin synthesis to maintain renin gene expression in the kidney (Williams et al 2002). It is possible that the programming in the kidney is different than that in the heart and renal RAS is relevant in terms of the measured changes in the systemic concentrations of renin activity and ANGII.…”

Section: Lbw and Plasma Renin Activity And Angii Concentrationmentioning

confidence: 96%

Low birth weight activates the renin-angiotensin system, but limits cardiac angiogenesis in early postnatal life

et al. 2015

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Low birth weight (LBW) is associated with increased risk of adult cardiovascular disease and this association may be partly a consequence of early programming of the renin–angiotensin system (RAS). We investigated the effects of LBW on expression of molecules in the RAS and cardiac tissue remodeling. Left ventricular samples were collected from the hearts of 21 days old lambs that were born average birth weight (ABW) and LBW. Cardiac mRNA expression was quantified using real-time RT-PCR and protein expression was quantified using Western blotting. DNA methylation and histone acetylation were assessed by combined bisulfite restriction analysis and chromatin immunoprecipitation, respectively. There were increased plasma renin activity, angiotensin I (ANGI), and ANGII concentrations in LBW compared to ABW lambs at day 20. In LBW lambs, there was increased expression of cardiac ACE2 mRNA, decreased ANGII receptor type 1 (AT1R) protein, and acetylation of histone H3K9 of the AT1R promoter but no changes in AT1R mRNA expression and AT1R promoter DNA methylation. There was no difference in the abundance of proteins involved in autophagy or fibrosis. BIRC5 and VEGF mRNA expression was increased; however, the total length of the capillaries was decreased in the hearts of LBW lambs. Activation of the circulating and local cardiac RAS in neonatal LBW lambs may be expected to increase cardiac fibrosis, autophagy, and capillary length. However, we observed only a decrease in total capillary length, suggesting a dysregulation of the RAS in the heart of LBW lambs and this may have significant implications for heart health in later life.

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“…Infusion of the angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitor captopril after the onset of the prepartum increase in fetal cortisol concentrations from approximately 135 days gestation results in a greater hypotensive response in PR fetuses compared with normoxic fetuses 48 . Although there is no difference in the expression of renal renin mRNA between PR and control fetal sheep, there is an increase in the capacity of the kidney to synthesize prostaglandin in the PR sheep fetus and this is directly related to renin mRNA expression 74 . These changes may underlie the increased dependence on the renin–angiotensin system for maintenance of blood pressure in late gestation in the PR fetus compared with the control fetus.…”

Section: Uterine Carunclectomymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…48 Although there is no difference in the expression of renal renin mRNA between PR and control fetal sheep, there is an increase in the capacity of the kidney to synthesize prostaglandin in the PR sheep fetus and this is directly related to renin mRNA expression. 74 These changes may underlie the increased dependence on the renin-angiotensin system for maintenance of blood pressure in late gestation in the PR fetus compared with the control fetus.…”

Section: Fetal Adaptations To Placental Restriction: Cardiovascularmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sheep Models of Intrauterine Growth Restriction: Fetal Adaptations and Consequences

Morrison

2008

Clin Exp Pharma Physio

250

247

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Placental Restriction Increases the Expression of Prostaglandin Endoperoxide G/H Synthase-2 and EP2 mRNA in the Fetal Sheep Kidney during Late Gestation

Cited by 4 publications

References 18 publications

Intrauterine Growth Restriction Modifies the Developmental Pattern of Intestinal Structure, Transcriptomic Profile, and Bacterial Colonization in Neonatal Pigs

Intrauterine Growth Restriction Modifies the Developmental Pattern of Intestinal Structure, Transcriptomic Profile, and Bacterial Colonization in Neonatal Pigs

Low birth weight activates the renin-angiotensin system, but limits cardiac angiogenesis in early postnatal life

Sheep Models of Intrauterine Growth Restriction: Fetal Adaptations and Consequences

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