Planetary Nebulae Beyond the Milky Way – Historical Overview

Barlow, M. J.

doi:10.1007/11604792_1

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“…There have been several valuable reviews of PNe over the years, such as those by Kaler (1985), Kwok (1994), Kwitter et al (2014), andZijlstra (2015). Recent IAU Symposia on PNe are Barlow & Méndez (2006); Manchado et al (2012), and Liu et al (2016). Books and monographs concentrating on PNe include Aller & Liller (1968), Aller (1971), Pottasch (1983), Aller (1984), Gurzadyan (1997), Kwok (2000), and Osterbrock & Ferland (2006).…”

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confidence: 99%

Planetary Nebulae: Sources of Enlightenment

Kwitter

Henry

2022

PASP

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In this review/tutorial we explore planetary nebulae as a stage in the evolution of low-to-intermediate-mass stars, as major contributors to the mass and chemical enrichment of the interstellar medium, and as astrophysical laboratories. We discuss many observed properties of planetary nebulae, placing particular emphasis on element abundance determinations and comparisons with theoretical predictions. Dust and molecules associated with planetary nebulae are considered as well. We then examine distances, binarity, and planetary nebula morphology and evolution. We end with mention of some of the advances that will be enabled by future observing capabilities.

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