Planning for the future? The emergence of shared visions for agriculture in the urban-influenced Ontario’s Greenbelt, Canada, and Toulouse InterSCoT, France

Preserving Farmland on the Urban Fringe: A Literature Review on Land Policies in Developed Countries

“…Several studies have examined how farming activity is affected by FP programs. Akimowicz et al [75] highlight that Ontario's Greenbelt zoning is not sufficient to preserve urban-influenced farming. Lynch and Musser [61] showed that FP programs were most effective in maximizing the number of acres and preserving productive farms, rather than in preserving contiguous farms or threatened farms.…”

“…[37,40]. Around Toulouse (France), as well, Akimowicz et al [75] stress the need for a better alignment of farmers and other agricultural stakeholders' representations of agriculture. Farmers themselves are not a homogeneous social category.…”

Toward Agricultural Intersectionality? Farm Intergenerational Transfer at the Fringe. A Comparative Analysis of the Urban-Influenced Ontario's Greenbelt, Canada and Toulouse InterSCoT, France

“…These additional sources of social uncertainty may widen the gap between researchers' theoretical deductions (e.g., economic models of farmers' decisions, economic forecasts, normative prescriptions) and field observations of farmers' planning decisions due to an inappropriate conceptualization of time, which does not consider fully farmers' anticipations on which investment decisions rely (Viaggi et al, 2011). In particular, a set of external constraints resulting from the institutional environment within which farmers are embedded appears to inhibit their capacity to engage proactively in transformative decision-making (Del Corso et al, 2015;Akimowicz et al, 2020).…”

“…More specifically, in urban-influenced areas, farmers interact with other farmers, traditional farming organizations, and urban actors such as non-farming residents and urban planners. The diversity of worldviews is, unsurprisingly, a potential source of conflicts, which can be solved through the formulation of common projects framed by shared visions of the future (Akimowicz et al, 2020). Therefore, a mesoeconomic approach, which takes into account the integration of farmers' activities into both their territory-understood as place, where coordination is mostly achieved in the political sphere-and the food supply chain-understood as market organizations, where coordination is mostly achieved in the market sphere (Théret, 1994;Rastoin and Ghersi, 2010;Rocamora-Montiel et al, 2014), provides the right scale for such an investigation.…”

“…In particular, the interest of city planners in peri-urban agriculture (Cadieux et al, 2013), as testified by the design of place-based/territorialized agricultural policies (Bonnefoy and Brand, 2014;Bissardon and Boulianne, 2016), the activity of municipal governments on land markets (Jarrige, 2018;Perrin and Nougarèdes, 2020), and the formation of networks to support urban-influenced agriculture (e.g., Cities for Agroecology Network, Eurocities, Organic Cities), has been strengthened: peri-urban agriculture is commonly perceived as a lever for designing more sustainable metropolitan areas (Sroka et al, 2021). In a context where the proximity to urban markets results in new opportunities and constraints for peri-urban farmers, who have developed original peri-urban farming systems that are quite specific from a production point of view (Duvernoy et al, 2018;Akimowicz et al, 2020), planning activities may substantially influence farming activities (Butt and Taylor, 2018;Buchan et al, 2019).…”