Plant‐Based Products as Control Agents of Stored‐Product Insect Pests in the Tropics

Residual contact toxicity and repellence of Cupressus lusitanica Miller and Eucalyptus saligna Smith essential oils against major stored product insect pests

“…Several species of insects attributed to these losses and identified as the major insect pests of stored cereal and legume grains globally include, maize weevil, Sitophilus zeamais Motch. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), Angoumois grain moth, Sitotroga cerealella Olivier (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), bostrichid beetles, Prostephanus truncatus Horn and Rhyzopertha dominica F. (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae), bean bruchid, Acanthoscelides obtectus Say (Coleoptera: Bruchidae), cowpea beetles, Callosobruchus chinensis F. (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), the rust-red flour beetle Tribolium castaneum Herbst (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) (Rajendran and Sriranjini, 2008;Deng et al, 2009;Nukenine, 2010;Ogendo et al, 2012;Bett, 2015).…”

“…The bean bruchid is a major pest of beans in temperate to subtropical regions worldwide. The potential damage to stored grains by this pest is great owing to its ability to infest grains both pre-and post-harvest, and several larvae can develop in one seed (Ogendo et al, 2012;Bett et al, 2016). Sitophilus zeamais larvae damage maize crops by developing within an individual grain, eating it away from the inside out until it matures, and then reproducing, releasing more crop-damaging larvae.…”

“…Sitophilus zeamais larvae damage maize crops by developing within an individual grain, eating it away from the inside out until it matures, and then reproducing, releasing more crop-damaging larvae. The maize weevil is a danger to both growing standing crops and stored maize (Ogendo et al, 2012). On the other hand, T. castaneum is a cosmopolitan stored product insect pest that can be found in warehouses, pet food stores, and grain processing facilities such as rice and flour mills.…”

“…Many studies have demonstrated that essential oils extracted from different plants showed a broad spectrum of activity against insect pests of stored grains, including ovicidal, larvicidal, adulticidal, antifeedant, repellent, and growth regulatory activities (Abay et al, 2012;Bett et al, 2013Bett et al, , 2016. A number of essential oils and constituents have been classified as contact toxicants (Rosman et al, 2007;Ogendo et al, 2011;Abay et al, 2012;Bett et al, 2013) and repellents (Nerio et al, 2010;Ogendo et al, 2012;Bett et al, 2016). Studies on the biological activity of Eucalyptus species extracts and constituents have good promise as fumigants and contact toxicants, repellents (Nivea et al, 2013) against major pests of stored products.…”

Contact application of Lamiaceae botanicals reduces bean weevil infestation in stored beans

“…The bean weevil Acanthoscelides obtectus (Say) is a cosmopolitan pest of the common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Its ability to infest beans in the field (preharvest) and in storage (post-harvest), combined with the ability to develop up to 45 larvae in one seed [1,2], make it the most damaging pest in bean granaries. It causes severe losses (20-40%) in storage; in developing countries, where weevil management is often poor, it can destroy the entire yield in a few months [3][4][5].…”