Plant cell wall polysaccharide biosynthesis: real progress in the identification of participating genes

Burton, Rachel A.; Farrokhi, Naser; Bacic, Antony

doi:10.1007/s00425-005-1495-7

Cited by 15 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…4)--D-glucan, hemicelluloses and pectins] are synthesized in the Golgi apparatus (Vincken et al 2003). It is currently not possible to create a complete list of enzymes that are involved in cell wall polysaccharide biosynthesis in Golgi, however, some of them have been puriWed and characterized (Scheible and Pauly 2004;Burton et al 2005). Glycosyltransferases (GTs) are enzymes known to be involved in the biosynthesis of matrix polysaccharides (Scheible and Pauly 2004).…”

Section: Biosynthesis Of Cell Wall Polysaccharidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological roles of plant glycoside hydrolases

Minić

2007

Planta

287

235

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The functions of plant glycoside hydrolases and transglycosidases have been studied using different biochemical and molecular genetic approaches. These enzymes are involved in the metabolism of various carbohydrates containing compounds present in the plant tissues. The structural and functional diversity of the carbohydrates implies a vast spectrum of enzymes involved in their metabolism. Complete genome sequence of Arabidopsis and rice has allowed the classification of glycoside hydrolases in different families based on amino acid sequence data. The genomes of these plants contain 29 families of glycoside hydrolases. This review summarizes the current research on plant glycoside hydrolases concerning their principal functional roles, which were attributed to different families. The majority of these plant glycoside hydrolases are involved in cell wall polysaccharide metabolism. Other functions include their participation in the biosynthesis and remodulation of glycans, mobilization of energy, defence, symbiosis, signalling, secondary plant metabolism and metabolism of glycolipids.

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Section: Biosynthesis Of Cell Wall Polysaccharidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological roles of plant glycoside hydrolases

Minić

2007

Planta

287

235

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“…However, relatively few of these genes have been identified, and the molecular basis of cell‐wall biosynthesis remains poorly understood (Bonetta et al. , 2002; Burton et al. , 2005; Scheible and Pauly, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This complexity and heterogeneity is created by the coordinated processes of glycan synthesis, deposition, modification and degradation, and it is thought that this may involve at least 1000 genes (Somerville et al, 2004). However, relatively few of these genes have been identified, and the molecular basis of cell-wall biosynthesis remains poorly understood (Bonetta et al, 2002;Burton et al, 2005;Scheible and Pauly, 2004). The indirect linkage between cell-wallrelated genes and their ultimate glycan products means that it is particularly important to be able to map the occurrence of glycan polymers directly, but this is a major technological challenge.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High‐throughput mapping of cell‐wall polymers within and between plants using novel microarrays

et al. 2007

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SummaryWe describe here a methodology that enables the occurrence of cell-wall glycans to be systematically mapped throughout plants in a semi-quantitative high-throughput fashion. The technique (comprehensive microarray polymer profiling, or CoMPP) integrates the sequential extraction of glycans from multiple organs or tissues with the generation of microarrays, which are probed with monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) or carbohydratebinding modules (CBMs) with specificities for cell-wall components. The profiles generated provide a global snapshot of cell-wall composition, and also allow comparative analysis of mutant and wild-type plants, as demonstrated here for the Arabidopsis thaliana mutants fra8, mur1 and mur3. CoMPP was also applied to Physcomitrella patens cell walls and was validated by carbohydrate linkage analysis. These data provide new insights into the structure and functions of plant cell walls, and demonstrate the potential of CoMPP as a component of systems-based approaches to cell-wall biology.

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“…Plant cell wall materials are also important sources of human and animal nutrition, natural textile fibers, paper and wood products, and raw materials for biofuel production (Somerville, 2007). Many genes thought to be responsible for plant wall biosynthesis and modification have been identified (Burton et al, 2005;Lerouxel et al, 2006;Mohnen et al, 2008), and 15% of the Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) genome is likely devoted to these functions (Carpita et al, 2001). However, phenotypic analysis in plants carrying cell wall-related mutations has proven particularly difficult.…”

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confidence: 99%

A Comprehensive Toolkit of Plant Cell Wall Glycan-Directed Monoclonal Antibodies

et al. 2010

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A collection of 130 new plant cell wall glycan-directed monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) was generated with the aim of facilitating in-depth analysis of cell wall glycans. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay-based screen against a diverse panel of 54 plant polysaccharides was used to characterize the binding patterns of these new mAbs, together with 50 other previously generated mAbs, against plant cell wall glycans. Hierarchical clustering analysis was used to group these mAbs based on the polysaccharide recognition patterns observed. The mAb groupings in the resulting cladogram were further verified by immunolocalization studies in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) stems. The mAbs could be resolved into 19 clades of antibodies that recognize distinct epitopes present on all major classes of plant cell wall glycans, including arabinogalactans (both protein-and polysaccharide-linked), pectins (homogalacturonan, rhamnogalacturonan I), xyloglucans, xylans, mannans, and glucans. In most cases, multiple subclades of antibodies were observed to bind to each glycan class, suggesting that the mAbs in these subgroups recognize distinct epitopes present on the cell wall glycans. The epitopes recognized by many of the mAbs in the toolkit, particularly those recognizing arabinose-and/or galactose-containing structures, are present on more than one glycan class, consistent with the known structural diversity and complexity of plant cell wall glycans. Thus, these cell wall glycan-directed mAbs should be viewed and utilized as epitope-specific, rather than polymer-specific, probes. The current world-wide toolkit of approximately 180 glycan-directed antibodies from various laboratories provides a large and diverse set of probes for studies of plant cell wall structure, function, dynamics, and biosynthesis.

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Plant cell wall polysaccharide biosynthesis: real progress in the identification of participating genes

Cited by 15 publications

References 25 publications

Physiological roles of plant glycoside hydrolases

Physiological roles of plant glycoside hydrolases

High‐throughput mapping of cell‐wall polymers within and between plants using novel microarrays

A Comprehensive Toolkit of Plant Cell Wall Glycan-Directed Monoclonal Antibodies

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