Plant Covirus Systems: Three-Component Systems

Vloten-Doting, Lous Van; Jaspars, E.M.J.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4684-2721-9_1

Cited by 28 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 148 publications

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“…CP RNA (the viral subgenomic RNA 4) is 3Ј coterminal with genomic RNA 3, although coat protein is translated only from subgenomic RNA 4 (74). Despite the fact that RNAs 3 and 4 have identical 3Ј termini, CP RNA outcompetes RNA 3 in wheat germ translation extracts (23,30).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of a Competitive Translation Determinant in the 3′ Untranslated Region of Alfalfa Mosaic Virus Coat Protein mRNA

Hann

Webb

Cai

et al. 1997

Molecular and Cellular Biology

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We report that the competitive translational activity of alfalfa mosaic virus coat protein mRNA (CP RNA), a nonadenylated mRNA, is determined in part by the 3 untranslated region (UTR). Competitive translation was characterized both in vitro, with cotranslation assays, and in vivo, with microinjected Xenopus laevis oocytes. In wheat germ extracts, coat protein synthesis was constant when a fixed amount of full-length CP RNA was cotranslated with increasing concentrations of competitor globin mRNA. However, translation of CP RNA lacking the 3 UTR decreased significantly under competitive conditions. RNA stabilities were equivalent. In X. laevis oocytes, which are translationally saturated and are an inherently competitive translational environment, full-length CP RNA assembled into large polysomes and coat protein synthesis was readily detectable. Alternatively, CP RNA lacking the 3 UTR sedimented as small polysomes, and little coat protein was detected. Again, RNA stabilities were equivalent. Site-directed mutagenesis was used to localize RNA sequences or structures required for competitive translation. Since the CP RNA 3 UTR has an unusually large number of AUG nucleotide triplets, two AUG-containing sites were altered in full-length RNA prior to oocyte injections. Nucleotide substitutions at the sequence GAUG, 20 nucleotides downstream of the coat protein termination codon, specifically reduced full-length CP RNA translation, while similar substitutions at the next AUG triplet had little effect on translation. The competitive influence of the 3 UTR could be explained by RNA-protein interactions that affect translation initiation or by ribosome reinitiation at downstream AUG codons, which would increase the number of ribosomes committed to coat protein synthesis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of a Competitive Translation Determinant in the 3′ Untranslated Region of Alfalfa Mosaic Virus Coat Protein mRNA

Hann

Webb

Cai

et al. 1997

Molecular and Cellular Biology

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“…Pea enation mosaic virus (PEMV) is another virus, though unrelated to the dianthovirus group, that has been reported to have genetic information for coat protein in its RNA 1 (Hull & Lane, 1973). These characteristics are somewhat unusual because in most of the plant viruses with divided genomes investigated thus far, except CRSV and PEMV, coat protein is encoded by the smaller or the smallest RNA of the viral genomes (Bruening, 1977;Van Vloten-Doting & Jaspers, 1977).…”

Section: Genetic Determinants Of Dianthoviruses 1913mentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Determinants Distributed in Two Genomic RNAs of Sweet Clover Necrotic Mosaic, Red Clover Necrotic Mosaic and Clover Primary Leaf Necrosis Viruses

Okuno

Hiruki

Rao

et al. 1983

Journal of General Virology

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SUMMARYThree serologically distinct polyhedral viruses, sweet clover necrotic mosaic virus (SCNMV), red clover necrotic mosaic virus (RCNMV) and clover primary leaf necrosis virus (CPLNV), contain bipartite RNAs with approximate mol. wt. of 1-35 x 106 to 1.55 x 106 (RNA l) and 0.5 x 106 to 0-6 × 106 (RNA 2). The homologous and heterologous combinations of RNA 1 and RNA 2 of the three viruses were highly infectious, while individual RNA species were not. Electrophoretic mobility of genomic RNA from the pseudorecombinants showed that the progeny viruses maintained the heterologous RNA combinations identically with those in the original inocula. Serological specificity of the progeny viruses was determined by RNA 1. A mixture of isolated coat protein and RNA 1 was not infectious. RNA 1 of SCNMV was essential for systemic infection of sweet clover at 26 °C, while RNA 2 of SCNMV complemented RNA 1 of RCNMV in causing local infection in sweet clover at 26 °C. The heterologous combinations of CPLNV RNA 1 and RNA 2 of SCNMV or of RCNMV acquired the ability to infect white clover at 26 °C and also caused symptoms characteristically different from those induced by their parental viruses on Phaseolus vulgaris L. cv. Red Kidney.

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“…Alfalfa mosaic virus (AMV) is a plant virus with a tripartite genome [ 1,2]. Each of the genomic RNAs (RNA 1,2 and 3;M, 1.04,0.73 and 0.62 X 106, respectively, [ 31 contains mainly unique information [4] and has the plus polarity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%