Plant–environment interactions from the lens of plant stress, reproduction, and mutualisms

Abstract

The evolutionary processes that take place in invasive plant populations are not well documented or understood. Interspecific hybridization between cultivated radish (Raphanus sativus) and R. raphanistrum is known to be responsible for the origin of the invasive California wild radish, but little is known about the nature of the hybridization events that produced the hybrid‐derived lineage. We analyzed the trnL‐rpl32 intergenic region of chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) obtained from 37 cultivated radish individuals from four different cultivars, 53 R. raphanistrum individuals from six European populations and 104 California wild radish individuals from 11 populations covering its entire range throughout the state. We found that cultivated radish and R. raphanistrum shared no cpDNA haplotypes but that they both shared haplotypes with California wild radish, evidence for bidirectional hybridization between the progenitor species in the creation of the California lineage. We also found evidence that multiple cultivars and multiple European source populations contributed to the diversity of cpDNA haplotypes within California. Studies like this will continue to be important for our understanding of the origin of invasive populations and the mechanisms by which they succeed.

Mating strategies of Vitex negundo L. var. heterophylla (Franch.) Rehder (Lamiaceae): A mixed mating system with inbreeding depression

“…The study of plant mating systems and pollination ecology plays a vital role in the cultivation and utilization of plants and the understanding of evolutionary processes. Reproductive ecology, with plant reproduction as its core, organically combines the interaction and mutual adaptation between plant and environment, biological, and abiotic factors (Baucom et al., 2020 ). Due to the characteristic of fixed growth of plants, pollen must reach the stigma successfully through certain media to achieve reproductive success (Thomson & Page, 2020 ).…”

Mating strategies of Vitex negundo L. var. heterophylla (Franch.) Rehder (Lamiaceae): a mixed mating system with inbreeding depression.

“…Another is that by the research of the breeding system and inbreeding depression in a translocated population of the endangered plant Dianthus morisianus (Caryophyllaceae), the cause of its protection could be undrstood and as well as the development of appropriate management measures (Nebot, Cogoni, Fenu, & Bacchetta, 2020). Reproductive ecology, with plant reproduction as its core, organically combines the interaction and mutual adaptation between plant and environment, biological and abiotic factors (Baucom, Heath, & Chambers, 2020). Due to the characteristic of fixed growth of plants, pollen must reach the stigma successfully through certain media to achieve reproductive success (Thomson & Page, 2020).…”