Plant Virus Ecology: A Glimpse of Recent Accomplishments

Abstract

Abstract. Plant virus ecology mainly focuses upon populations and their interactions with host plants within environment. The subject includes interesting insights as many factors which affect the virus behavior, population, virus-vector interactions, biodiversity and host plants genotypes are involved in it.Moreover the achievements in the field of molecular ecology by application of recent molecular biology techniques are included which enhance the strength in understanding the economically important virus populations, growth and their world wide spread. Virus infection results direct and indirect effect on insect vectors by evolution of changes in their life cycles, health and interacting behaviors that support their spread. Similarly, the description of the recent information about how plant viruses disseminate towards the important agro-ecological zones in naturally managed vegetations and which factors play important role in ecological aspects are also included in this review. The modern era of science and technology requires a better understanding about movement of viruses in both directions which has become a highly important issue to levitate such kinds of aspects thus making plant virus ecology an exciting research discipline in future.

A Survey on Plant Viruses in Natural Brassicaceae Communities Using RNA-Seq

“…Some earlier studies investigated viruses in wild plants based on the idea that natural vegetation may have served as a reservoir for diseases [1,2]. More recently, increasing number of studies have become investigate plant viruses in natural vegetation aiming to understand their ecology [3][4][5].…”

Plant Responses to Pathogen Attack: Small RNAs in Focus

“…Plants are affected by viruses and viroids due to their replicating genomes in the host cells [ 69 , 70 , 71 ]. PTGS was primarily recognized in transgenes with Potato virus X (PVX) infection.…”

Epidemiology and control of potato virus Y in Kenya

“…Application of pesticides without following action guidelines as found among Kenyan farmers may lead to development of resistance in aphid populations which may cause further outbreaks (Ragsdale et al 2001). Farmers in such situations are at a risk of exposure to hazardous chemicals with possibilities of environmental pollution (Islam et al 2017) resulting in health risks and economic losses arising from ineffective control of pest and diseases (Rahman et al 2013). In addition, weekly monitoring of aphids or even at shorter interval (3-4 days) reduces exponential spread of viruses if aphids are controlled in time.…”

“…Virus control using resistant cultivars which can withstand virus degeneration can be a long-term, cost-effective solution to potato virus problems in this region because over 95% seed tubers planted by farmers are not certified (Gildemacher et al 2011;NPCK 2017) and farmers may be having limited knowledge on virus control. Development and implementation of an effective virus control strategy based on the cropping system is one of the ways in which yield losses associated with viruses can be reduced (Islam 2017). Farmer's knowledge, perceptions and practices can be used in developing a package for control of various pest and diseases in developing countries and in improving capacity of farmers to managing pests and diseases (Florin et al 2012;Midega et al 2016;Mendesil et al 2016).…”

“…6. Monitor for pest and diseases in their potato farms and apply pesticides correctly and safely to control virus vectors (Ragsdale et al 2001;Rahman et al 2013;Islam et al 2017).…”