Plant virus particles with various shapes as potential adjuvants

Evtushenko, Ekaterina A.; Ryabchevskaya, Ekaterina M.; Nikitin, Nikolai A.; Atabekov, J.G.; Карпова, О. В.

doi:10.1038/s41598-020-67023-4

Cited by 38 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…Likely the most studied virus in plant-harvested viral-nanotechnology is the Tobacco Mosaic Virus (TMV), a noninfectious, plant-based virus-like particle 2 , 5 – 8 . It is rigid, monodisperse, thermostable, functionalizable 2 , 6 , 8 , and biocompatible 9 – 11 , giving it a wide range of applications including as a scaffold for biomolecules and small molecules, nanocontainers for drug delivery 5 , 9 , 12 – 19 , and as a platform for vaccine development and testing 10 , 11 , 20 – 23 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification and physical characterization of a spontaneous mutation of the tobacco mosaic virus in the laboratory environment

Lumata

Ball

Shahrivarkevishahi

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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Virus-like particles are an emerging class of nano-biotechnology with the Tobacco Mosaic Virus (TMV) having found a wide range of applications in imaging, drug delivery, and vaccine development. TMV is typically produced in planta, and, as an RNA virus, is highly susceptible to natural mutation that may impact its properties. Over the course of 2 years, from 2018 until 2020, our laboratory followed a spontaneous point mutation in the TMV coat protein—first observed as a 30 Da difference in electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI–MS). The mutation would have been difficult to notice by electrophoretic mobility in agarose or SDS-PAGE and does not alter viral morphology as assessed by transmission electron microscopy. The mutation responsible for the 30 Da difference between the wild-type (wTMV) and mutant (mTMV) coat proteins was identified by a bottom-up proteomic approach as a change from glycine to serine at position 155 based on collision-induced dissociation data. Since residue 155 is located on the outer surface of the TMV rod, it is feasible that the mutation alters TMV surface chemistry. However, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays found no difference in binding between mTMV and wTMV. Functionalization of a nearby residue, tyrosine 139, with diazonium salt, also appears unaffected. Overall, this study highlights the necessity of standard workflows to quality-control viral stocks. We suggest that ESI–MS is a straightforward and low-cost way to identify emerging mutants in coat proteins.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification and physical characterization of a spontaneous mutation of the tobacco mosaic virus in the laboratory environment

Lumata

Ball

Shahrivarkevishahi

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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“…As a third step, it could be possible to investigate the effects of an interventional TMV exposition on SARS-CoV-2 infection and development of COVID-19 in appropriate animal or human experimental models. TMV has been administered to humans without overt signs of toxicity or disease [10] and like other plant viruses is deemed harmless for mammals, and fit to be used as an immunopotentiating agent [14] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A putative role for the tobacco mosaic virus in smokers’ resistance to COVID-19

Bernardis¹,

Busà²

2020

Medical Hypotheses

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Reports from various countries suggest that tobacco smoking might protect from SARS-CoV-2 infection, since the prevalence of smoking in COVID-19 hospitalized patients is lower than in the respective general population. Apart from nicotine or other chemicals contained in tobacco smoke, we propose that a single-stranded RNA virus that infects tobacco leaves, tobacco mosaic virus (TMV), might be implicated in this effect. TMV, though non-pathogenic, is found in smokers’ airways, and stimulates adaptive and innate immunity, with release of specific antibodies and interferons. The latter may have preventive and/or therapeutic effects against COVID-19. If confirmed by epidemiological and interventional studies, this might lead to the use of TMV as an immunological adjuvant against SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 disease.

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“…3,4 Likely the most studied virus in plant-harvested viral-nanotechnology is the Tobacco Mosaic Virus (TMV), a noninfectious, plant-based virus-like particle. 2,5−8 It is rigid, monodisperse, thermostable, functionalizable, 2,6,8 and biocompatible, [9][10][11] giving it a wide range of applications including as a scaffold for biomolecules and small molecules, nanocontainers for drug delivery, 5,9,12−19 and as a platform for vaccine development and testing. 10,11,20−23 TMV is a positive-sense single-stranded RNA virus under the Tobamovirus genus.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification and Physical Characterization of a Spontaneous Mutation of the Tobacco Mosaic Virus in the Laboratory Environment

Lumata

Ball

Shahrivarkevishahi

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Virus-like particles are an emerging class of nano-biotechnology with the Tobacco Mosaic Virus (TMV) having found a wide range of applications in imaging, drug delivery, and vaccine development. TMV is typically produced in planta, and, as an RNA virus, is highly susceptible to natural mutation that may impact its properties. Over the course of two years, from 2018 until 2020, our laboratory followed a spontaneous point mutation in the TMV coat protein—first observed as a 30 Da difference in electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS). The mutation would have been difficult to notice by electrophoretic mobility in agarose or SDS-PAGE and does not alter viral morphology as assessed by transmission electron microscopy. The mutation responsible for the 30 Da difference between the wild-type (wTMV) and mutant (mTMV) coat proteins was identified by a bottom-up proteomic approach as a change from glycine to serine at position 155 based on collision-induced dissociation data. Since residue 155 is located on the outer surface of the TMV rod, it is feasible that the mutation alters TMV surface chemistry. However, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays found no difference in binding between mutant and wild-type TMV. Functionalization of a nearby residue, tyrosine 139, with diazonium salt, also appears unaffected. Overall, this study highlights the necessity of standard workflows to quality-control viral stocks. We suggest that ESI-MS is a straightforward and low-cost way to identify emerging mutants in coat proteins.

show abstract

Plant virus particles with various shapes as potential adjuvants

Cited by 38 publications

References 70 publications

Identification and physical characterization of a spontaneous mutation of the tobacco mosaic virus in the laboratory environment

Identification and physical characterization of a spontaneous mutation of the tobacco mosaic virus in the laboratory environment

A putative role for the tobacco mosaic virus in smokers’ resistance to COVID-19

Identification and Physical Characterization of a Spontaneous Mutation of the Tobacco Mosaic Virus in the Laboratory Environment

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