Planting density and tree-size relations in coast Douglas-fir

Scott, William; Meade, Rodney; Leon, Richard Tito; Hyink, David M.; Miller, Richard J.

doi:10.1139/cjfr-28-1-74

Cited by 12 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Proximity signaling can occur before actual shading from neighboring plants (Ballare et al 1990), and has the effect of delaying development of size inequality between neighbors (Ballare et al 1994). Ritchie (1997) provides strong experimental evidence for photomorphogenic signaling in growth of Douglas-fir seedlings, and results of Scott et al (1998) are indicative of the same response in young field-grown plants. In both of these studies, the plants showed increased height and diameter increment prior to mutual shading.…”

Section: Height Incrementmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…shastensis Lemm., shows more height growth depression at low light than does Douglas-fir (Emmingham and Waring 1973). For Douglas-fir (Ritchie 1997;Scott et al 1998), but not ponderosa pine (Seidel 1985), there is evidence that lowfluence side light high in far-red wavelengths increases shoot elongation and diameter increment. This photomorphogenic response in Douglas-fir occurs prior to competitive shading.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Relationship Between Self-Fertility, Allocation of Growth, and Inbreeding Depression in Three Coniferous Species

Sorensen

1999

Evolution

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract.-Mortality and growth of self and outcross families of three wind-pollinated, mixed-mating, long-lived conifers, Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesiii, ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa), and noble fir (Abies procera) were followed from outplanting to age 26 (25 for noble fir) in spaced plantings at a common test site. Response to inbreeding differed greatly among species over time and in all regards. Only Douglas-fir and noble fir will be contrasted here, because ponderosa pine usually was intermediate to the other two in its response to inbreeding. In earlier reports, compared to noble fir Douglas-fir had a higher rate of primary selfing and larger inbreeding depression in seed set. Douglas-fir continued to have higher inbreeding depression in nursery and early field survival. The species differed in time courses of inbreeding depression in height and in allocation of growth due to crowding. Between ages 6 and 12, the relative elongation rate (dm . dm-1 • yr") of Douglas-fir was significantly greater in the selfs than in the outcrosses. The response was not observed in noble fir. At final measurement, inbreeding depression in diameter relative to inbreeding depression in height was greater in Douglas-fir than in noble fir. At final measurement inbreeding depression in height was inversely related to inbreeding depression in survival. Cumulative inbreeding depressions from time of fertilization to final measurement were 0.98, 0.94, and 0.83 for Douglas-fir, ponderosa pine, and noble fir, respectively, which indicates that selfs will not contribute to the mature, reproductive populations.Key words.-Abies procera, Douglas-fir, inbreeding depression, noble fir, photomorphogenic effects, Pinus ponderosa, ponderosa pine, Pseudotsuga menziesii.Received January 28, 1998. Accepted November 12, 1998 Inbreeding depression (ID) is the reduction in fitness associated with increased homozygosity. Its magnitude in natural populations differs greatly among species and sometimes among populations within species. This variation, both in severity of depression and in its ontogenetic timing, has been related to differences in the mating system, particularly the degree of selfing (Charlesworth and Charlesworth 1987;Lande et al. 1994;Latta and Ritland 1994;Parker et al. 1995;Husband and Schemske 1996). The review by Husband and Schemske (1996) is recent and thorough, and the reader is referred to it for details.The theoretical expectation is that high rates of primary selfing (selfing at the fertilization stage) will purge highly deleterious alleles (Lande and Schemske 1985;Charlesworth and Charlesworth 1987). Within-and among-species comparisons do indeed indicate that ID in embryo and neonatal survival and growth traits are negatively related with rate of primary selfing (Latta and Ritland 1994;Husband and Schemske 1996). However, the relationship also shows large variation around the regression line. This indicates that factors such as degree of dominance or complex modes of inheritance, magnitude of effect, genomic mutatio...

show abstract

Section: Height Incrementmentioning

confidence: 85%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship Between Self-Fertility, Allocation of Growth, and Inbreeding Depression in Three Coniferous Species

Sorensen

1999

Evolution

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…2), with considerable variation within plots. In contrast, planting prescriptions in this area rarely exceed a few thousand per hectare (e.g., 3,000, Scott et al 1998), and are usually executed in a regular geometric pattern. A prescription written for portions of the Warner burn which were not part of the designated natural succession area ranged from 500 to 1,000 per hectare (Dewitz 1992).…”

Section: Future Development and Management Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural tree regeneration and coarse woody debris dynamics after a forest fire in the western Cascade Range

Brown¹,

Kertis²,

Huff³

2013

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Cover photosPlot number 16 at 7 and 14 years after fire. At 7 years, there is abundant regeneration of Pseudotsuga menziesii under a canopy of snags. At 14 years, the snag canopy is thinning out owing to snag fall and fragmentation; tree, shrub, and herb regeneration mix but trees are the tallest elements.This work was performed under USDA Forest Service PO AG-04T0-P-10-0057. We monitored coarse woody debris dynamics and natural tree regeneration over a 14-year period after the 1991 Warner Creek Fire, a 3631-ha (8,972-ac) mixedseverity fire in the western Cascade Range of Oregon. Rates for tree mortality in the fire, postfire mortality, snag fall, and snag fragmentation all showed distinct patterns by tree diameter and species, with Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) more likely to survive a fire, and to remain standing as a snag, than other common tree species. Natural seedling regeneration was abundant, rapid, and highly variable in space. Densities of seedlings >10 cm height at 14 years postfire ranged from 1,530 to 392,000 per ha. Seedling establishment was not concentrated in a single year, and did not appear to be limited by the abundant growth of shrubs.The simultaneous processes of mortality, snag fall, and tree regeneration increased the variety of many measures of forest structure. The singular event of the fire has increased the structural diversity of the landscape.Keywords: Fire severity, monitoring, coarse woody debris, reforestation, snag recruitment, regeneration. SummaryWe monitored natural tree regeneration and coarse woody debris dynamics over 14 years following the 1991 Warner Creek Fire, a 3,631-ha (8,972-ac) mixed-severity fire in the western Cascade Range of Oregon. The results provide a detailed picture of the variety of natural postfire conditions in westside Cascade forests, and demonstrate how a single mixed-severity fire can increase variety in forest structures.We studied 24 permanent plots representative of the burned area and its mix of fire severities, which ranged from 0.1 to 100 percent of prefire canopy killed. Plots This postfire mortality rate was higher in plots with higher initial fire severity.Much of the new snag volume quickly transferred to the ground via snag fall and fragmentation. Small snags, and A. amabilis snags, were more likely to fall. Larger snags were more likely to fragment.Natural seedling regeneration was abundant, and highly variable in space. Densities of seedlings >10 cm height at 14 years postfire ranged from 1,670 to 392,000 per ha in the higher elevation zone, and from 1,530 to 47,500 per ha in the lower zone. New seedlings were observed over all study visits, in patterns demonstrating that establishment was not concentrated in a single year. The growth of shrubs was abundant but did not appear to be limiting tree regeneration. The mixed-severity fire, followed by variable mortality, snag fall, and tree regeneration, led to an increase in variability, among plots, of several metrics of forest structure. The prominence of P. menziesii ...

show abstract

“…DLLBH trajectories differ systematically over a range of initial planting densities [23]. During early stand development, trees planted at high densities develop larger branch diameter than those at low densities commensurate with tree size [24], but this eventually reverses (Figure 6a Figure 6d) have a greater impact than either treatment alone. Effect of treatment on dead branch diameter (at bole surface) is illustrated by points A, B, and C. If treatments were applied at point A, then branch diameter would decrease to point B due to increased dbh increment, but if untreated, would only decrease to C.…”

Section: Effects Of Stand Density Regime Fertilization and Pruningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Silviculture and Genetics on Branch/Knot Attributes of Coastal Pacific Northwest Douglas-Fir and Implications for Wood Quality—A Synthesis

Lowell¹,

Maguire

Briggs

et al. 2014

Forests

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Douglas-fir is the most commercially important timber species in the US Pacific Northwest due to its ecological prevalence and its superior wood attributes, especially strength and stiffness properties that make it highly prized for structural applications. Its economic significance has led to extensive establishment and management of plantations over the last few decades. Cultural treatments and genetic improvement designed to increase production of utilizable wood volume also impact tree morphology and wood properties. Many of these impacts are mediated by crown development, particularly the amount and distribution of foliage and size and geometry of branches. Natural selection for branch architecture that optimizes reproductive fitness may not necessarily be optimal for stem volume growth rate or for wood properties controlling the quality of manufactured solid wood products. Furthermore, Douglas-fir does not self-prune within the rotation OPEN ACCESSForests 2014, 5 1718 lengths currently practiced. This paper synthesizes extensive Douglas-fir research in the Pacific Northwest addressing: (1) the effects of silviculture and genetics on branch structure and associated consequences for wood quality and the product value chain; and (2) methods to measure, monitor, modify, and model branch attributes to assist managers in selecting appropriate silvicultural techniques to achieve wood quality objectives and improve the value of their Douglas-fir resource.

show abstract

Planting density and tree-size relations in coast Douglas-fir

Cited by 12 publications

References 0 publications

Relationship Between Self-Fertility, Allocation of Growth, and Inbreeding Depression in Three Coniferous Species

Relationship Between Self-Fertility, Allocation of Growth, and Inbreeding Depression in Three Coniferous Species

Natural tree regeneration and coarse woody debris dynamics after a forest fire in the western Cascade Range

Effects of Silviculture and Genetics on Branch/Knot Attributes of Coastal Pacific Northwest Douglas-Fir and Implications for Wood Quality—A Synthesis

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About