Plants as Potential Sources of Pesticidal Agents: A Review

Okwute, Simon Koma

doi:10.5772/46225

Cited by 21 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…They affect cell division, damage cell membranes, and decrease chlorophyll a and b (Singh et al 2006;Kaur et al 2011). The essential oil of Phenopodium ambrosisides completely suppresses the mycelial growth of R. solani at 100 ppm, with no phytotoxicity in the germination of seeds and seedling development of Phaseolus aureus (Okwute 2012). Neem essential oil more than the rate at 0.5%, had phytotoxic effects which induce chlorosis and stunting (Abbasi et al 2003).…”

Section: Organic Soil Amendments For Controlling Plant Soil-borne Dis...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Journal of Plant Protection Research

Ziedan

2022

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The fumigant pesticide methyl bromide (MB) is no longer used in most countries due to its carcinogenic effects. It is followed by carbon bisulfide and chloropicrin which are the most effective liquid synthetic chemicals in pesticide formulations. They are converted to gas to penetrate soil particles and eliminate plant pests such as insects, weeds, and causal plant diseases of viruses, bacteria, fungi, and nematodes under greenhouse, field and storage conditions. These fumigants are non specific pesticides and highly hazardous to humans, environmental resources, and deplete the ozone layers. Furthermore, increasing the cost of crop production by inceasing the amount of pesticides treatments was increased the cost of research on the alternatives of green pesticides from eco-friendly agents, natural organic soil amendments of organic wastes, green manure, biofumigation crops, compost, and essential oils, as well as formulations, are examples of this. Organic fumigants that are non toxic, non-residual, highly degradable and decomposable are available as eco-friendly alternatives to chemical pesticides to manage soil borne pests and diseases of plants. This article summarizes the development of applicable eco-friendly formulations which use natural organic materials to disinfest soil in order to reduce plant diseases caused by soil--borne pathogens.

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Section: Organic Soil Amendments For Controlling Plant Soil-borne Dis...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Journal of Plant Protection Research

Ziedan

2022

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“…To control pests, farmers usually use synthetic pesticides. As a result, resistance, resurgence, death of natural enemies and of course can cause environmental pollution, because levels of synthetic pesticide residues can increase and kill organisms in the food chain [5,6,7]. Very few pesticides used after DDT have long environmental half-lives, and none of them bioaccumulate in the same way as organochlorines did.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Various Concentrations of Mixed Extracts of Calotropis gigantea and Crescentia cujete Against Population and Attack Intensity of Leptocorisa acuta, Nephotettix virescens and Natural Enemy Populations of Rice Plants

Wardiman,

Dewi,

Fatahuddin

et al. 2023

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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Changes in land and pesticide are the main drivers of changes in the biodiversity of agricultural land, particularly natural enemies of insect pests. Leptocorisa acuta and Nephotettix virescens are the main pests of rice plants in Indonesia which are mostly controlled with pesticides. The use of extracts of natural ingredients Calontropis gigantea leaves and Crescentia cujete fruit is an alternative for controlling rice pests. The purpose of the study was to determine the mixed extracts of C. gigantea and C. cujete with various concentrations on the population and the attack intensity of Leptocorisa acuta and Nephotettix virescens as well as natural enemies population. This study consisted of six treatments, namely a concentration of 1%; 2.5%; 4%; 5.5%; 7% and farmer treatment. Observations were made visually and sweep net by taking samples diagonally in one plot was taken five plant sample points were and in one point consisted of four clumps of rice. The results showed that, in comparison to the farmers treatment, the population and attack intensity were low for all extract concentration treatments, and statistical analysis did not reveal any statistically significant differences between concentrations. In comparison to farmer treatment, the population of natural enemies was high in all extract treatments. When mixed extracts of C. gigantea and C. cujete are used for pest management of rice plants, the number and severity of pest attacks can be reduced without affecting natural enemies.

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“…Due to evolution matters, plants naturally produce compounds with insecticide action in response to attack of herbivores, phytopathogens and mollusks (Okwute, 2012) and, therefore, they become excellent contributors to the research of natural products that are efficient to control adult mosquitos and to exterminate A. aegypti larvae (Martins et al, 2020;Santos Júnior et al, 2020). The broad biodiversity of the Brazilian flora with approximately 46,000 recorded species makes this natural resource a source of new biomolecules (Braz-Filho, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inga laurina crude extract to control Aedes aegypti

Sugauara

Rahal

Oliveira

et al. 2020

RSD

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Aedes aegypti is the um mosquito responsible for the transmission of several diseases to humans such as dengue, chikungunya, Zika virus and urban yellow fever. The control of this culicid is done by utilizing insecticides that cause insect resistance. Therefore, natural alternatives to control A. aegypti have been sought. Thus, the objective of our work was to characterize the chemical composition of the crude extract of the leaves of Inga laurina and to evaluate the insecticidal activity of the extract on the larvae of A. aegypti. The crude extract was prepared form dry leaves by dynamic maceration using alcohol 96º GL as extracting solvent. The chemical identification of the compounds found in the crude extract was done by a gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. The larvicidal activity was determined by larval packet test in third-stage development larvae A. aegypti. Fifteen compounds were identified in the leaves and the major ones were γ- sitosterol (34.39%), phytol (14.51%), squalene (8.57%) and stigmasterol (7.38%). I. laurina leaf crude extract presented larvicidal activity potential against A. aegypti larvae presenting lethal concentration of 50% (CL50) of 0.98 mg/mL and 99% (CL99) of 2.69 mg/mL. Thus, I. laurina leaf crude extract presented rich composition of phytosterols and promising insecticide activity against A. aegypti larvae, offering new possibilities for the application and development of products.

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Plants as Potential Sources of Pesticidal Agents: A Review

Cited by 21 publications

References 45 publications

Journal of Plant Protection Research

Journal of Plant Protection Research

Application of Various Concentrations of Mixed Extracts of Calotropis gigantea and Crescentia cujete Against Population and Attack Intensity of Leptocorisa acuta, Nephotettix virescens and Natural Enemy Populations of Rice Plants

Inga laurina crude extract to control Aedes aegypti

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