Plasma activated medium prepared by a bipolar microsecond-pulsed atmospheric pressure plasma jet array induces mitochondria-mediated apoptosis in human cervical cancer cells

Abstract

Plasma activated medium (PAM) was prepared by a bipolar microsecond-pulsed atmospheric pressure plasma jet (APPJ) array source and was utilized for cancer cell treatment. APPJ array-produced plasma were characterized. APPJ array treatment of three different solutions (deionized water (DW), HBSS (serum-free Hanks’ balanced salt solution), and DMEM (Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle Medium) + 10% FBS (fetal bovine serum)) were performed to induce the changes in the concentration of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) as functions of the operating parameters. Human cervical cancer cells (HeLa) injected with plasma-treated media were investigated for changes in cell viability using MTT assay. It was observed that PAM-induced ROS can regulate the protein expression associated with mitochondria, and PAM causes apoptosis through Cyto C/JNK/p38 signaling on human cervical cancer cells.

Plasma-Activated Media Produced by a Microwave-Excited Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Jet Is Effective against Cisplatin-Resistant Human Bladder Cancer Cells In Vitro

“…Figure 5 shows the pH level and electrical conductivity of plasma-treated deionized water (DW), respectively. Comparison is made between three different APPJs: a low-frequency single jet [36], low-frequency jet array [14,37], and ME-APPJ. In addition, Figure 5 shows that the ME-APPJ treatment resulted in more substantial pH and electrical conductivity changes compared with the other APPJs.…”

“…These radicals have been produced by collision between Ar excited (mostly metastable) species and ambient air and the vaporization and dissociation of H 2 O [38]. Comparison between three different atmospheric pressure plasma jets (APPJs): low-frequency single jet [36], low-frequency jet array [14,37], and microwave-excited (ME)-APPJ. Each point represents the mean ± SD of three replicates.…”

“…Figure 5. (a) The pH and (b) electrical conductivity of the plasma-treated distilled water (DW).Comparison between three different atmospheric pressure plasma jets (APPJs): low-frequency single jet[36], low-frequency jet array[14,37], and microwave-excited (ME)-APPJ. Each point represents the mean ± SD of three replicates.…”

Cold Atmospheric Plasma: A Noteworthy Approach in Medical Science

“…It is commonly documented that many reactive oxygen-nitrogen species (RONS) are cytotoxic for individuals if they surpass a specific frequency, strong electrical currents across the skin can induce blistering or inflammation, and UV radiation (mainly shortwavelength, i.e., 200-280 nm) causes DNA alterations that cause mutations and apoptosis. ROS released by N2 and air plasma discharges from a spray-nozzle device has also been reported to trigger mitochondriainduced apoptosis, which acts as a proapoptotic signal (148). This is a significant discovery for prospective use in cancer treatment, but it could have negative effects on other applications, including the treatment of wounds.…”

Higher N2 gas-flow rate ratios in O2- and Ar-containing feed gas mixtures enhance the cytotoxic effects of radical-activated medium against murine melanoma B16F10 cells

“…Furthermore, activated c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and p38 pathways, which trigger mitochondrial dysfunction, were reported to partially explain the PAM-induced anticancer effects. 18) In contrast, the anticancer mechanism of PAM generated from gas-flow containing N 2 and O 2 remains elusive.…”