Plasma lnterleukin-6 Levels in Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis and Hemodialysis Patients

Nakahama, Hajime; Tanaka, Yasue; Shirai, D; Miyazaki, Manabu; Imai, Nobuyuki; Yokokawa, Tomoko; Okada, Mitsunori; Kubori, Shujiro

doi:10.1159/000186859

Cited by 36 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 8 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…No relationship existed between serum 11-6 and the acute-phase protein-C-re- active protein (n = 27, r=-0.021, NS). This is in agreement with the observation of Cavaillon et al (I] and Nakahama et al [4].…”

Section: Serum Lnterleukin-6 In Continuous Am Bulatory Peritoneal D Isupporting

confidence: 94%

“…Goldman et al [3] could not demon strate detectable 11-6 levels in the serum of 6 infection-free patients treated with continu ous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) for 6-77 months. Nakahama et al [4] were able to measure detectable plasma 11-6 levels in only I of 21 infection-free CAPD patients treated for 3-96 months. Possibly, the ob served discrepancies are due to the use of different bio-and Elisa assays with varying sensitivity and/or specificity.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Serum lnterleukin-6 in Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis in Patients

Zemel¹,

Berge

Koomen³

et al. 1993

Nephron

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Serum Lnterleukin-6 In Continuous Am Bulatory Peritoneal D Isupporting

confidence: 94%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum lnterleukin-6 in Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis in Patients

Zemel¹,

Berge

Koomen³

et al. 1993

Nephron

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Another possible explanation of the elevated levels of CRP in this group of patients could be at least in part the chronic liver stimulation due to elevated levels of IL-6 which have been reported to occur in patients with chronic renal failure [20][21][22]. …”

Section: Crp In Predialytic Renal Failurementioning

confidence: 85%

C-Reactive Protein as a Marker of Chronic Inflammation in Uremic Patients

Panichi¹,

Migliori

Pietro³

et al. 2000

Blood Purif

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Cardiovascular complications caused by an accelerated atherosclerotic disease represent the largest single cause of mortality in chronic renal failure patients. The rapidly developing atherosclerosis of the uremic syndrome appears to be caused by a synergism of different mechanisms, such as malnutrition, oxidative stress and genetic factors. Recent studies provide evidence that chronic inflammation plays an important role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases. Elevated serum levels of plasma C-reactive protein (CRP) are associated with an increased risk of experiencing myocardial infarction and sudden cardiac death in apparently healthy subjects. Several recently published papers have confirmed this strong association between CRP and the extent and severity of the atherosclerotic processes. In patients affected by predialytic renal failure, increased levels of CRP and interleukin (IL)-6 were recorded in 25% of our population; CRP and IL-6 were inversely related with renal function. These data suggest the activation – even in the predialytic phase of renal failure – of mechanisms known to contribute to the enhanced cardiovascular morbidity and mortality of the uremic syndrome. In recent years we have investigated the hypothesis that the chronic inflammatory state of the uremic patient could at least in part be due to the dialytic technique. We provide evidence suggesting that the increase of CRP in stable dialytic patients may be due to the stimulation of monocyte/macrophage by backfiltration of dialysate contaminants.

show abstract

“…The process of dialysis is also known to cause increases in some cytokines such as TNF-a although changes induced by dialysis vary with the type of membranes used (Cavaillon et al, 1992;Jorres et al, 1992;Nakahama et al, 1992;Ward and Gordon, 1993;Canivet et al, 1994;Halwachs et al, 1994;Leeuwenberg et al, 1994;Pereira et al, 1994). This probably accounts for the higher TNF-a concentrations seen in the anephric patient before treatment with IL-2.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma with subcutaneous interleukin 2: evidence for non-renal clearance of cytokines

Banks

Forbes²,

Hallam³

et al. 1997

Br J Cancer

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Summary The circulating cytokine concentrations following administration of subcutaneous recombinant interleukin 2 (IL-2) in combination with interferon a and 5-fluorouracil used to treat advanced renal cancer were studied. One patient was anephric and on dialysis, and seven had normal biochemical renal function, although five had undergone single nephrectomy. The pharmacokinetics of IL-2 and changes in IL-6 and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-a were essentially similar in all patients including the anephric patient, irrespective of the periods of dialysis, although at some time points, IL-2 concentrations were slightly higher in the anephric patient than in the others. These results show that for subcutaneous administration of low-dose IL-2, renal clearance of IL-2 is not important. This contrasts with high-dose, intravenous IL-2 where blood concentrations are higher and renal clearance seems to occur, perhaps because of saturation of the non-renal mechanisms of clearance. The subcutaneous route is certainly preferred if IL-2 is used in anephric patients and in those with impaired renal function, and it may be generally preferred for most purposes.Keywords: interleukin 2; renal; anephric; cytokine; clearance; therapy The use of interleukin 2 (IL-2) as a biological anti-cancer therapy is based on its ability to activate and enhance the cytotoxic activity of T lymphocytes and to stimulate natural killer cell-and lymphokine-activated killer cell activity. These actions are probably mediated both directly and via secondary induction of a cascade of cytokines including tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-a and IL-6 (Whittington and Faulds 1993; Janssen et al, 1994). Multiple regimens with IL-2 have been developed, but progress has been hampered by the marked toxicity associated with many of the higher dose intravenous (i.v.) regimens employed, most notably a capillary leak syndrome (similar to that seen in patients with septic shock) manifest by hypotension, weight gain, acute renal failure and pulmonary oedema (Whittington and Faulds, 1993). Newer approaches using lower dose subcutaneous (s.c.) IL-2 have been promising with, for example, recent combination regimens producing objective responses with less accompanying toxicity in 30-40% of patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (Atzpodien et al, 1990;Atzpodien-et al, 1993;Joffe et al, 1996).An understanding of cytokine metabolism is important for ensuring a rational approach to the design of therapeutic strategies, particularly with regard to route of administration and dosage. The mechanism of clearance is an important consideration as IL-2, for example, may be administered to patients who have undergone a nephrectomy, occasionally bilateral nephrectomies, and IL-2 itself may cause renal dysfunction. The Correspondence to: RE Banks following i.v. administration is generally thought to be consistent with a two-compartment model with first-order elimination kinetics. In rodents, an initial rapid clearance with a half-life (t,2) of approximately 1-5 min is followed by ...

show abstract

Plasma lnterleukin-6 Levels in Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis and Hemodialysis Patients

Cited by 36 publications

References 8 publications

Serum lnterleukin-6 in Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis in Patients

Serum lnterleukin-6 in Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis in Patients

C-Reactive Protein as a Marker of Chronic Inflammation in Uremic Patients

Treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma with subcutaneous interleukin 2: evidence for non-renal clearance of cytokines

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About