Plasma PRPC Levels Correlate With Severity and Prognosis of Intracerebral Hemorrhage

Abstract

BackgroundCellular prion protein (PRPC) exerts brain-protective effects. We determined the relationship between plasma PRPC levels and disease severity plus clinical outcome after acute intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH).MethodsA total of 138 ICH patients and 138 healthy controls were included in this prospective, observational study. Hematoma volume and Glasgow coma scale (GCS) score were used to assess disease severity. Glasgow outcome scale (GOS) scores of 1–3 and 4–5 at 90 days after stroke were defined as a poor outcome and good outcome, respectively. Using multivariate analysis, we discerned the relation of plasma PRPC levels to disease severity and poor outcome. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was built to evaluate the prognostic predictive capability.ResultsPlasma PRPC levels in ICH patients were significantly higher than those in healthy controls (median, 4.20 vs. 2.02 ng/ml; P < 0.001), and were independently correlated with GCS score (r = −0.645, P < 0.001) and hematoma volume (r = 0.627, P < 0.001). Plasma PRPC levels were highly correlated with GOS score (r = −0.762, P < 0.001), and were substantially higher in patients with poor outcomes than in those with the good outcomes. Using maximum Youden index, plasma PRPC levels >3.893 ng/ml distinguished the risk of poor outcome at 90 days, with a sensitivity of 86.4% and a specificity of 65.8% (area under the curve, 0.809; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.737–0.881, P < 0.001). Plasma PRPC levels >3.893 ng/ml were independently associated with a poor 90-day outcome with an odds ratio of 12.278 (95% CI, 5.101–29.554).ConclusionElevated plasma PRPC levels are significantly associated with disease severity and poor 90-day outcome in ICH patients, indicating that plasma PRPC may be used as a potential prognostic biomarker after ICH.

Usability of serum AIM2 as a predictive biomarker of stroke-associated pneumonia and poor prognosis after acute supratentorial intracerebral hemorrhage: A prospective longitudinal cohort study

“…While numerous factors have been acknowledged as predictors of SAP and adverse prognosis following ICH, illness severity, which is very frequently evaluated by employing the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) and hematoma volume, is believably accepted to be associated with the risk of SAP and poor prognosis of ICH [ [4] , [5] , [6] , [7] ]. Noteworthily, neurological researches have focused on exploration of some reliable biomarkers, which may assist in gauging the severity and forecasting the outcome of ICH [ [8] , [9] , [10] ].…”

A Prospective Cohort Study of Elevated Serum NLRP1 Levels to Prognosticate Neurological Outcome After Acute Intracerebral Hemorrhage at a Single Academic Institution

“… 9–11 Notably, there is a growing amount of data showing that the detection of some valuable biomarkers can delve into the mechanisms of disease progression and aid in the severity evaluation and prognosis prediction of ICH. 12–16 …”

“…[9][10][11] Notably, there is a growing amount of data showing that the detection of some valuable biomarkers can delve into the mechanisms of disease progression and aid in the severity evaluation and prognosis prediction of ICH. [12][13][14][15][16] Inflammasomes are critical components of the early innate inflammatory response to injury. [17][18][19] The nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing 1 (NLRP1) inflammasome can activate caspase-1 and promote maturation of the inflammatory cytokine interleukin-1β and interleukin-18 mature, thereby augmenting the inflammatory response.…”

Serum Secreted Protein Acidic and Rich in Cysteine-Like 1 as a Biochemical Predictor for Prognosticating Clinical Outcomes After Acute Supratentorial Intracerebral Hemorrhage: A Prospective Cohort Study

“… 7 , 8 Noteworthily, a growing body of researchers have gradually paid close attention to the identification of some reliable biomarkers, which may shed light on the mechanisms of disease progression, as well as aid in severity assessment and prognosis prediction of ICH. 9–11 …”

“…7,8 Noteworthily, a growing body of researchers have gradually paid close attention to the identification of some reliable biomarkers, which may shed light on the mechanisms of disease progression, as well as aid in severity assessment and prognosis prediction of ICH. [9][10][11] Secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine-like 1 (SPARCL1), also named as HEVIN, is a kind of matricellular protein and in humans is encoded by the SPARCL1 gene. [12][13][14] It has been well known that SPARCL1, which is highly expressed in both astrocytes and neurons of animal and human brains, may participate in neuronal migration and synaptogenesis during development, thereby supporting neuronal integrity.…”