Plasma triglyceride response to carbohydrates, fats and caloric intake

Nestel, Paul J.; Carroll, Kevin F.; Havenstein, Nathalie

doi:10.1016/0026-0495(70)90112-5

Cited by 151 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 35 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…44 " 52 However, in the LRC population the only relations that are both statistically significant and in the same direction for men and women are the negative correlation coefficients of triglycerides with fats (PFA in grams, percentage of calories from total fat, SFA and PFA, the P/S ratio, and the percentage of fat from PFA). While the correlation coefficient for calories/weight is also statistically significant for both men and women, this is a reflection of the strong positive relation of weight to triglyceride level.…”

Section: Triglyceridesmentioning

confidence: 97%

Relation of diet to LDL cholesterol, VLDL cholesterol, and plasma total cholesterol and triglycerides in white adults. The Lipid Research Clinics Prevalence Study.

Gordon¹,

Fisher²,

Ernst³

et al. 1982

Arteriosclerosis

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The association of diet with low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and total triglycerides, as well as with total and very low density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C), was investigated in a random sample of 4374 white participants aged 20 to 59 years seen by the Lipid Research Clinic Prevalence Study. Carbohydrate and total calories were negatively associated with LDL-C. There was also a statistically significant positive association of LDL-C with the percentage of total calories from fat. These three findings are generally consistent with what other cross-sectional studies have reported for the relation of diet with total cholesterol levels. The only diet variables significantly related to triglyceride levels in both men and women were the percentage of calories from fats, particularly polyunsaturated fatty acids (PFA), the P/S ratio, and the number of grams of PFA per day, all of which were inversely associated with the level of this lipid. (Arteriosclerosis 2:502-512, November/December 1982) I t has been well demonstrated that high levels of plasma total cholesterol or of low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) are associated with a high incidence of coronary heart disease (CHD). This has been observed in comparisons of different populations 1 and in prospective investigations within populations, 2 as well as in clinical studies. Factors related to the level of these lipids are therefore of considerable interest. It has been unequivocally shown that the levels of total cholesterol and LDL-C can be substantially altered by dietary changes.3 " 11 However, other factors can also influence these levels. It is still not clear how much of the variation from person to person in any given population is attributable to differences in their diet and how much is attributable to other factors.On this subject the epidemiological evidence is ambiguous. While interpopulation comparisons generally show that diet plays an important part in determining the level of total plasma cholesterol, crosssectional studies within populations have found the association between individuals' diets and their total plasma cholesterol levels to be weak.

show abstract

Section: Triglyceridesmentioning

confidence: 97%

Relation of diet to LDL cholesterol, VLDL cholesterol, and plasma total cholesterol and triglycerides in white adults. The Lipid Research Clinics Prevalence Study.

Gordon¹,

Fisher²,

Ernst³

et al. 1982

Arteriosclerosis

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Early work focused on assessing the effect of the macronutrient content of the diet on plasma lipoprotein patterns, with specific emphasis on dietary fat and carbohydrate. It was noted early in the 1960s that diets very low in fat resulted in hypertriglyceridemia (3,4), and this effect was later attributed to increased rates of hepatic fatty acid synthesis (5,6) and the subsequent production of hepatic triglyceride-rich particles, such as VLDL (7,8). It was also observed that this hypertriglyceridemia was accompanied by lower HDL concentrations.…”

Section: Stable Body Weightmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thematic review series: Patient-Oriented Research. Dietary fat, carbohydrate, and protein: effects on plasma lipoprotein patterns

Lichtenstein

2006

Journal of Lipid Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In general, under isoweight conditions, different types of dietary protein or individual amino acids have little effect on lipoprotein patterns. Dietary carbohydrate tends to increase plasma triglyceride when it displaces fat, accompanied by a decrease in HDL cholesterol concentrations. Potential differential effects of types of carbohydrate are difficult to assess because of differences in rates of absorption and confounding of dietary fiber. Saturated fatty acids increase LDL and HDL cholesterol, whereas trans fatty acids increase LDL but not HDL cholesterol. Unsaturated fatty acids decrease LDL and HDL cholesterol, polyunsaturated more so than monounsaturated. There has been considerable interest in the potential benefit of major shifts in dietary macronutrients on weight loss and lipoprotein patterns. Short-term data favor substituting protein and fat for carbohydrate, whereas long-term data have failed to show a benefit for weight loss. During an active weight loss period low-carbohydrate diets more favorably affect triglyceride and HDL and less favorably affect LDL cholesterol concentrations. Additional efforts need to be focused on gaining a better understanding of the effect of dietary macronutrient profiles on established and emerging cardiovascular disease risk factors, mechanisms for changes observed and contributors to individual variability. Such data are needed to allow reassessment and, if necessary, modification of current recommendations. Dietary fat, carbohydrate, and protein are the primary energy-containing macronutrients consumed on a routine basis by humans. Dietary alcohol provides a unique category of energy and will not be considered in this review. Trendy weight loss diets that have flourished during the past decade have resulted in the generation of a considerable amount of data on how major shifts in the macronutrient content of the diet affect plasma lipoprotein patterns. These data can be used to inform dietary recommendations to minimize the risk of developing cardiovascular disease (CVD).It is difficult to consider the independent effect of dietary fat, carbohydrate, or protein on plasma lipoprotein patterns because, in each case, in addition to contributing unique essential and nonessential nutrients, the macronutrients also contribute the majority of metabolic energy to sustain life. To maintain a stable body weight, if the intake of one macronutrient is increased or decreased, there needs to be a compensatory adjustment in one or both of the other macronutrients. Under these circumstances, the effect observed on plasma lipoprotein patterns can be attributable to either the addition of one macronutrient or the reduction of the other(s). If a single macronutrient is increased or decreased without compensatory adjustments in the amount of the other macronutrients, body weight will change and any effect on plasma lipoprotein patterns will result from changes induced by weight loss or gain, a shift in the relative energy distribution of each macronutrient, or some combinati...

show abstract

“…Alguns autores defendem que a elevação da trigliceridemia ocorre em decorrência do aumento da produção endógena de ácidos graxos, via lipogênese de novo (34,35), resultando em aumento da produção e secreção de VLDL pelo fígado. Além da lipogênese de novo, os ácidos graxos para a síntese de triglicérides (que são secretados por meio de partículas de VLDL) também podem ser derivados do pool plasmático de ácidos graxos livres, dos ácidos graxos estocados no próprio fígado e da dieta, que são disponibilizados ao fígado por meio da remoção de remanescentes de…”

Section: Dieta Hiperglicídica Na Dislipidemiaunclassified

Dietas hiperglicídicas: efeitos da substituição isoenergética de gordura por carboidratos sobre o metabolismo de lipídios, adiposidade corporal e sua associação com atividade física e com o risco de doença cardiovascular

Polacow

Lancha

2007

Arq Bras Endocrinol Metab

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

RESUMOHá vários anos, vem sendo recomendada à população em geral a diminuição da gordura dietética, a fim de se prevenir doenças cardiovasculares, obesidade, diabetes mellitus tipo 2, dentre outras doenças crô-nicas. A conseqüência desta recomendação tem sido a substituição de gorduras por carboidratos, resultando na adoção de dietas hiperglicídicas. Porém, ainda é muito discutido se dietas hiperglicídicas devem ser recomendadas à população geral. Pesquisas apontam controvérsias a respeito da associação entre este tipo de dieta e efeitos deletérios sobre a saúde e aspectos metabólicos, tais como aumento da lipogênese de novo, aumento da trigliceridemia, diminuição das concentrações de HDL e efeitos sobre a adiposidade. Esta revisão aborda os efeitos de mudanças na composição dietética, particularmente da dieta hiperglicídica, sobre fatores de risco para doenças cardiovasculares, tais como dislipidemia, e obesidade. Revisa, também, sua interação com a atividade física, uma vez que ainda não se sabe com que extensão ela pode minimizar possíveis efeitos deletérios de dietas hiperglicídicas em longo prazo. For many years the reduction in the dietary fat has been recommended to the population, in order to prevent cardiovascular diseases, obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, among other chronic diseases. The consequence has been the replacement of carbohydrates by fat, resulting in the adoption of high carbohydrate diets. However, it has been still discussed if very rich carbohydrate diets should be recommended to the general population. Researches point out controversies about the association between these dietary habits and harmful effects on health and metabolic aspects, such as raise in de novo lipogenesis and triglyceride concentration, reduction in HDL concentration and effects on adiposity. This review evaluates the effects of diet modification, particularly the high-carbohydrate diet, in cardiovascular risk factors such as dyslipidemia and obesity. It also reviews its interaction with physical activity since it is still unknown with which extension it can minimize possible harmful effects of high carbohydrate diets in the long term. (Arq Bras Endocrinol Metab 2007;51/3:389-400)

show abstract

Plasma triglyceride response to carbohydrates, fats and caloric intake

Cited by 151 publications

References 35 publications

Relation of diet to LDL cholesterol, VLDL cholesterol, and plasma total cholesterol and triglycerides in white adults. The Lipid Research Clinics Prevalence Study.

Relation of diet to LDL cholesterol, VLDL cholesterol, and plasma total cholesterol and triglycerides in white adults. The Lipid Research Clinics Prevalence Study.

Thematic review series: Patient-Oriented Research. Dietary fat, carbohydrate, and protein: effects on plasma lipoprotein patterns

Dietas hiperglicídicas: efeitos da substituição isoenergética de gordura por carboidratos sobre o metabolismo de lipídios, adiposidade corporal e sua associação com atividade física e com o risco de doença cardiovascular

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About