Plasmodium falciparum: Population Genetic Analysis by Multilocus Enzyme Electrophoresis and Other Molecular Markers

Abstract

Population genetic definitely in the other Burkina Faso population. However, no linkage disequilibrium is detected in the Congo population with the molecular analysis by multilocus enzyme electrophoresis and other molecular markers. Experimental Parasitology 92, 232-238. The population assays. We failed to detect any nonrandom association between the different kinds of genetic markers; that is, MLEE with RAPD or RFLP, structure of Plasmodium falciparum, the agent of malignant malaria, is uncertain. We have analyzed multilocus enzyme electrophoresis RAPD with RFLP, and so on. Although isoenzyme data show statistical departures from panmictic expectations, these results suggest that in (MLEE) polymorphisms at 7-12 gene loci in each of four populations (two populations in Burkina Faso, one in Sudan, one in Congo), plus the areas under survey, P. falciparum populations do not undergo predominant clonal evolution and show no clear-cut subdivisions, un-one "cosmopolitan" sample consisting of parasite cultures from 15 distant localities in four different continents. We have also performed like Trypanosoma cruzi, Leishmania sp., and other major parasitic species. We discuss the epidemiological and taxonomical significance random amplified polymorphic DNA analysis (RAPD) and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) and characterized gene varia-of these results. ᭧ 1999 Academic Press Index Descriptors and Abbreviations: strain typing; epidemiological tion at four antigen genes in the Congo population. All genetic assays show abundant genetic variability in all populations analyzed. With tracking; clonal evolution; self-fertilization; population structure; discrete typing unit. the isoenzyme assays, strong linkage disequilibrium is apparent in at

New Insights into Clonality and Panmixia in Plasmodium and Toxoplasma

“…The inference followed that "uniparental and biparental lineages may coexist within this species, for which a sexual cycle has been a classical notion" (Tibayrenc et al, 1990). Although this inference was corroborated by further studies (Ben Abderrazak et al, 1999;Urdaneta et al, 2001), it resulted in a vehement outcry (Dye et al, 1990;Walliker, 1991;Walliker et al, 1990). Our proposal was widely rejected.…”

Population genetic structure of Plasmodium falciparum in the two main African vectors, Anopheles gambiae and Anopheles funestus

“…The extent of cross-fertilization and panmixia relative to clonal reproduction in P. falciparum has indeed been the subject of considerable debate during the last decade (13,19,(26)(27)(28)(29)(30). The current consensus is that this parasite species displays a range of population structures associated with the levels of transmission intensity (13).…”

“Clonal” population structure of the malaria agent Plasmodium falciparum in high-infection regions

“…Further, the results do not imply that recombination is effectively breaking haplotype structure. Indeed, strong linkage disequilibrium has been observed between physically unlinked markers (29), as well as significant deficit of heterozygous oocysts in populations of Tanzania (18) and Papua New Guinea (8), where overall inbreeding coefficients have been estimated at 0.34 and 0.90, respectively (12). Anderson et al (5) observed significant linkage disequilibrium among 12 microsatellite loci in all localities with low infectivity and in two of five populations from regions with high transmission frequencies.…”