Plasticity-induced damage layer is a precursor to wear in radiation-cross-linked UHMWPE acetabular components for total hip replacement

Edidin, Avram A.; Pruitt, Lisa A.; Jewett, Charles W.; Crane, Deborah J.; Roberts, Daniel K.; Kurtz, Steven M.

doi:10.1016/s0883-5403(99)90086-4

Cited by 179 publications

(106 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…12 We speculate that the decrease in toughness due to reduced ductility (ultimate displacement) exceeds the increase in toughness due to augmented hardness (ultimate load), both of which result from increases in the amount of cross linking induced by irradiation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…This phenomenon was also noted in nonsimulator-tested UHMWPE with radiation doses from 0 to 200 kGy. 12,24,30 The toughness of UHMWPE that had not been tested in the simulator showed a linear decreasing trend from 240 to 200 mJ as the radiation dose increased from 0 to 200 kGy, and the toughness at 150 and 200 kGy was significantly lower than that at 0 kGy ( p < 0.05, Table 2). Although the toughness of the UHMWPE that had been tested in the simulator was significantly less than that of the nonsimulator-tested UHMWPE at every dose, the toughness of the simulator-tested PE showed an increasing trend between 0 to 50 kGy and a decreasing trend between 50 to 200 kGy.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Using a hip simulator, Wang et al 5 reported that the wear rate of UHMWPE acetabular cups was reduced exponentially as the radiation dose increased, with up to a 90% reduction with 50 kGy. McKellop et al 9 and Edidin et al 12 also showed exponential wear reductions as dose increased. Recently, secondgeneration crosslinked UHMWPE, which is more relevant to the materials tested in the present study, was shown to be effective for in vivo wear reduction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…23,24 Therefore, concerns exist about the application of crosslinked UHMWPE to the tibial insert because crosslinking may result in significant deterioration in mechanical properties, such as ductility, toughness, and fatigue resistance, causing delamination wear or breakage of the tibial insert. 12,[25][26][27] Improvements in wear performance should be considered along with mechanical properties of crosslinked UHMWPE. Recently, Levine et al 28 reported that the conventional uniaxial tension test is insufficient for evaluation of UHMWPE mechanical properties because the tibial inserts in vivo are subjected to multiaxial stress states; instead, they demonstrated that the equibiaxial tension test (small-punch test) is an effective method to evaluate mechanical properties of crosslinked UHMWPE.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Wear and toughness of crosslinked polyethylene for total knee replacements: A study using a simulator and small‐punch testing

Akagi

Asano

Clarke

et al. 2006

Journal Orthopaedic Research

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Severe loading and complex kinematics in total knee replacement make wear performance and toughness of the polyethylene in tibial inserts important. We investigated wear of crosslinked polyethylene using a knee simulator and measured toughness using small-punch testing. GUR1050 rods were gamma-irradiated in air at doses from 0 to 200 kGy, annealed in nitrogen, and machined into tibial inserts. The simulator was run to 4 million cycles, and wear rates determined from weight loss. Wear rate decreased by 54, 78, and 95% as radiation dose increased from 50 to 75 to 100 kGy, respectively. At every dose, toughness was significantly less after simulator testing, but the difference between control and wear-tested polyethylene, considered to be due to fatigue damage accumulation, was smallest at 50 kGy. The simulator-tested polyethylene that received 35 to 75 kGy had slightly higher toughness than equivalent material that received no irradiation. However, the toughness of simulator-tested polyethylene that received 150 and 200 kGy was lower than that of the simulator-tested polyethylene that received no irradiation. Our results suggest that an optimal irradiation dose may exist for crosslinked polyethylene for use in TKR and that the optimum dose would be less than the 100 kGy or more that are used in some current crosslinked polyethylene for hip replacement. ß

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Wear and toughness of crosslinked polyethylene for total knee replacements: A study using a simulator and small‐punch testing

Akagi

Asano

Clarke

et al. 2006

Journal Orthopaedic Research

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“…Adhesive/abrasive wear of UHMWPE [2,3] has been the leading cause of peri-prosthetic osteolysis [4,5], compromising long-term performance of total joints. One method of improving the wear resistance of UHMWPE is radiation cross-linking [6][7][8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diffusion of vitamin E in ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene

et al. 2007

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Vitamin E-doped, radiation cross-linked ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) is developed as an alternate oxidation and wear resistant bearing surface in joint arthroplasty. We analyzed the diffusion behavior of vitamin E through UHMWPE and predicted penetration depth following doping with vitamin E and subsequent homogenization in inert gas used to penetrate implant components with vitamin E. Cross-linked UHMWPE (65-and 100-kGy irradiation) had higher activation energy and lower diffusion coefficients than uncross-linked UHMWPE, but there were only slight differences in vitamin E profiles and penetration depth between the two doses. By using homogenization in inert gas below the melting point of the polymer following doping in pure vitamin E, the surface concentration of vitamin E was decreased and vitamin E stabilization was achieved throughout a desired thickness. We developed an analytical model based on Fickian theory that closely predicted vitamin E concentration as a function of depth following doping and homogenization.

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Study of fatigue resistance of chemical and radiation crosslinked medical grade ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene

Baker

Hastings²,

Pruitt

1999

J. Biomed. Mater. Res.

139

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The aim of this work is to understand the role of chemical and radiation induced crosslinking on the fatigue crack propagation resistance of medical grade ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE). In recent years, the need to improve the tribological performance of UHMWPE used in total joint replacements has resulted in the widespread utilization of crosslinking as a method to improve wear resistance. Although crosslinking has been shown to drastically improve the wear resistance of the polymer, the potential trade-off in fatigue properties has yet to be addressed. Fatigue crack propagation resistance is a concern in tibial inserts where large cyclic stresses are sufficient to drive the growth of subsurface cracks that potentially contribute to delamination wear mechanisms. For clinical relevance, the combined effects of sterilization and aging are examined in two commercially available crosslinked resins. Nonsterile and unaged resins serve as a control. To evaluate the effect of crosslinking, a comparison is made to uncrosslinked resins. Scanning electron microscopy is used to provide an understanding of fatigue fracture mechanisms in the crosslinked polymers. The results of this study show that the current level of crosslinking used in orthopedic resins for enhanced wear resistance is not beneficial for fatigue crack propagation resistance.

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Plasticity-induced damage layer is a precursor to wear in radiation-cross-linked UHMWPE acetabular components for total hip replacement

Cited by 179 publications

References 22 publications

Wear and toughness of crosslinked polyethylene for total knee replacements: A study using a simulator and small‐punch testing

Wear and toughness of crosslinked polyethylene for total knee replacements: A study using a simulator and small‐punch testing

Diffusion of vitamin E in ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene

Study of fatigue resistance of chemical and radiation crosslinked medical grade ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene

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