Plasticizer for poly(vinyl chloride) from cardanol as a renewable resource material

Greco, Antonio; Brunetti, D.; Renna, Gilda; Mele, Giuseppe; Maffezzoli, Alfonso

doi:10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2010.06.001

Cited by 166 publications

(126 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…A patent claims also the use of commercial epoxidized cardanol (Agarwal et al, 2003). Furthermore, the epoxidation of double bonds of cardanol was also carried out with perbenzoic acid by Patel et al (Patel et al, 1989) and by Greco et al (Greco et al, 2010). Suresh (Suresh, 2013) performed this reaction with performic acid.…”

Section: From Epoxidation Of Cardanol To Polyepoxide Networkmentioning

confidence: 99%

A chemical platform approach on cardanol oil: from the synthesis of building blocks to polymer synthesis

Jaillet

Darroman

Boutevin

et al. 2016

OCL

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-This review proposes a platform approach for the synthesis of various building blocks from cardanol oil in one or two-steps synthesis. Cardanol is a natural phenol issued from Cashew nutshell liquid (CNSL). CNSL is a non-edible renewable resource, co-produced from cashew industry in large commercial volumes. Cardanol is non-toxic and particularly suitable as an aromatic renewable resource for polymers and materials. Various routes were used for the synthesis of di-and poly-functional building blocks used thereafter in polymer syntheses. Phenolation was used to dimerize/oligomerize cardanol to propose increase functionality of cardanol. Thio-ene was used to synthesize new reactive amines. Epoxidation and (meth)acrylation were also used to insert oxirane or (meth)acrylate groups in order to synthesize polymers and materials.Keywords: Cardanol / epoxide / acrylate / carbonate / amine / vinyl ester Résumé -Une approche plateforme de l'huile de cardanol : de la synthèse d'intermédiaires réactionnels à la synthèse de polymères. Cet article présente une approche plateforme de synthèse d'intermédiaires réactionnels variés pour l'élaboration de polymères à partir de cardanol. Le cardanol est un phénol naturel issu de l'huile de coque de noix de cajou -Cashew nutshell liquid (CNSL), une ressource renouvelable non-alimentaire coproduit de l'industrie de la noix de cajou. Le cardanol est non-toxique est particulièrement adapté pour l'intégration de noyaux aromatiques dans des polymers et des matériaux biosourcés. Différentes voies ont été envisages pour la synthèse d'intermédiaires réaction-nels di-et poly-fonctionnels pour la synthèse de polymères. La phénolation a été utilisée pour dimériser/oligomériser le cardanol pour augmenter sa fonctionnalité. Le couplage thio-ene a été utilize pour élaborer de nouvelles amines réactives. L'époxidation et la (méth)acrylation ont permis la fonctionnalisation groupes oxirane ou (méth)acrylate afin d'élaborer des matériaux.

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Section: From Epoxidation Of Cardanol To Polyepoxide Networkmentioning

confidence: 99%

A chemical platform approach on cardanol oil: from the synthesis of building blocks to polymer synthesis

Jaillet

Darroman

Boutevin

et al. 2016

OCL

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“…The flame retardant coating plays an important role in the performance of the flame retardant. Comparing with DOP, ECO, sunflower oil [11], safflower oil [12], glycerol [13], oleic acid [14], rice fatty acid [15], cardanol [16] soybean oil [17,18], epoxidized sunflower oil [19], glycerol triisovalerate [20], because all the above plasticizers burn easily which could not play any role on flame retardancy for PVC blends, but COPE not only plasticizes PVC effectively but also reduces the flammability of PVC blends.…”

Section: Flame Retardant Performance Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In recent years, the preparation of PVC plasticizer from renewable sources such as sunflower oil [11], safflower Oil [12], glycerol [13], oleic acid [14], rice fatty acid [15], cardanol [16] soybean oil [17,18], epoxidized sunflower oil [19] and glycerol tri-isovalerate [20] is currently receiving increasing attention because of the economic and environment concerns. Epoxidized castor oil has been used as plasticizer of PVC for years, but the synthesis of castor oil including flame retardant group and the mechanism of flame retardant has never been reported.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of castor oil based plasticizers containing flame retarded group and their application in poly (vinyl chloride) as secondary plasticizer

Jia

Zhang

et al. 2015

Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry

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“…In particular, it was shown that acetylation of the cardanol hydroxyl group improves the compatibility with PVC. Therefore cardanol acetate (CA), can be used as secondary plasticizer, in addition to conventional plasticizers, for the production of soft PVC [2]. Nevertheless, the migration of CA is very high compared to the migration of conventional plasticizers [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical and durability properties of soft PVC plasticized by cardanol derivatives

Greco¹,

Ferrari²,

Maffezzoli³

2017

AIP Conference Proceedings

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Influence of initial fiber length on the mechanical and tribological properties of hemp fiber reinforced plantsderived polyamide 1010 biomass composites AIP Conference Proceedings 1914, 070003 (2017) Abstract. This work is aimed to study the plasticizing effectiveness of different cardanol derivatives, characterized by different yields of epoxidation, for the production of soft PVC. The properties of the cardanol derived plasticizers were compared to the properties of commercial plasticizers, both phthalates and natural derived. Mechanical properties of the developed plasticizers were shown to be comparable to those of the phthalate, and in many cases better than those of biobased commercial plasticizers. The efficiency of the plasticizers, were significantly improved by increasing the yield of epoxidation. Also, mechanical properties performed after ageing showed the excellent stability of the properties of the cardanol derived plasticizer characterized by the higher yield of epoxidation. Evaluation of the property retention index after ageing indicated that such plasticizers showed an improved stability of properties compared to other commercial plasticizer. The results obtained highlight the relevance of an high conversion of the double bonds into epoxies in order to produce high quality plasticizers.

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Plasticizer for poly(vinyl chloride) from cardanol as a renewable resource material

Cited by 166 publications

References 25 publications

A chemical platform approach on cardanol oil: from the synthesis of building blocks to polymer synthesis

A chemical platform approach on cardanol oil: from the synthesis of building blocks to polymer synthesis

Synthesis of castor oil based plasticizers containing flame retarded group and their application in poly (vinyl chloride) as secondary plasticizer

Mechanical and durability properties of soft PVC plasticized by cardanol derivatives

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