Platforms for Smart Environments and Future Internet Design: A Survey

Abstract

Internet of things (IoT) is pushing the integration of physical and virtual worlds. Sensor devices provide rich sensory information to context-aware services. Actuators implement in the physical world application needs. The role of software is increasing as more and more resources become virtualized and software-defined. Smart environment is an emerging concept that has the potential to address many of the humanity problems. In this context, what are the promising tools for building the smart environments of the future? This paper provides a review of platforms, middleware, and frameworks that can help in this big challenge, discussing their architectures, service life-cycling, digital twins, cloud-based operation, virtualization, security, privacy, communication model, support for AI and machine learning, among other aspects. The proposed revision innovates by employing previous work on future Internet key enablers as parameters for qualitative comparisons. The idea is to determine the degree of alignment among current initiatives for smart environments and the ones emerging from future Internet research. Among the main conclusions are: (i) heterogeneity come to stay; (ii) many contemporary proposals do not cover important aspects raised in future Internet research; (iii) publish/subscribe model is largely employed; (iv) many proposals are stuck to the limitations of current Internet model (another reason to explore the relationship among current platforms and previous future Internet research for IoT); (v) devices interoperability is a problem solved; (vi) ingredients from future Internet research, such as SDN/NFV, ICN and SCN are systematically being adopted for smart environments design. Many others are to come; (vii) AI, machine learning, and big data support are missing not only in TCP/IP-based approaches, but also in future Internet-based.

Hardware-Accelerated Platforms and Infrastructures for Network Functions: A Survey of Enabling Technologies and Research Studies

“…The notion of centralized decision making for the function implementation and configuration of forwarding nodes implies that the network control plane (which makes the decisions on the packet processing) is decoupled from the network data plane (which forwards the packets). Extending the principles of SDN from forwarding nodes to the broad notion of compute nodes can achieve more flexibilities in the deployment of NFs on GPC platforms in terms of scalability and management [10], [11]. More precisely, SDN can be applied for two primary purposes: i) macro-scale NF deployments, where the decisions involve selecting a specific platform for NF deployments based on decision factors, such as physical location, capabilities, and availability, and ii) micro-scale NF deployments, where the decisions involve reconfiguring the NF parameters during ongoing operations based on run-time requirements, such as traffic loads, failures and their restoration, as well as resource utilization.…”

A Survey on Trend and Classification of Internet of Things Reviews

“…Few surveys specifically discuss certain layer [46] based on services and functions. 6 layers [30], [40], [87], [94] 5 layers [11], [24], [30], [31], [64], [78], [79], [94] 4 layers [10], [11], [38], [63], [64], [67], [75], [78], [80], [89], [90] 3 layers [20], [31], [32], [44], [62], [68], [78], [86], [88], [100] Specific layer [18], [31], [37], [46], [56], [68], [73], [79], [80] The percentages of the trend for the IoT architecture layers review, according to the layers classification, are shown in Fig. 7.…”

“…Physical/MAC [31], [38], [44], [56], [68], [73], [86], [87], [89], [ This paper suggests that the IoT architecture classification comprise 3 main layers with regards to the IEEE standards and the communication protocols in Table VI and VII. Possible research in IoT architecture must be able to match the 3-layer classification with functionalities and communication protocols.…”

Lightweight Secure Message Delivery for E2E S2S Communication in the IoT-Cloud System

“…Cloud computing can be considered a new generation of computing infrastructure; this technology enables users to use vast resources in terms of storage and processing provides quick access to available services on request [2]. The Internet of Things (IoTs) can affect changes in daily activities and behaviours [3], [4], [5], [6]. An IoT system may suffer from problems related to available resources in terms of transmission, storage, and processing.…”