Platinum-Based Nanostructured Materials: Synthesis, Properties, and Applications

Chen, Aicheng; Holt-Hindle, Peter

doi:10.1021/cr9003902

Cited by 1,313 publications

(817 citation statements)

References 424 publications

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“…62,65 One can alter the surface energies with various capping agents, seeds, reductants and temperatures in a shape-controlled synthesis. Together with manipulation of the seed structures in the nucleation step by controlling the reaction kinetics and growing rate, different morphologies for the single crystal polyhedra can be achieved.…”

Section: -64mentioning

confidence: 99%

A comprehensive review of Pt electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction: Nanostructure, activity, mechanism and carbon support in PEM fuel cells

et al. 2017

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A comprehensive review of Pt electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction: nanostructure, activity, mechanism and carbon support in PEM fuel cells. Journal of Materials Chemistry A, 5 (5). pp. 1808 -1825 . ISSN 2050 Access from the University of Nottingham repository: http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/40957/1/Journal%20of%20Materials%20Chemistry%20A %EF%BC%88C6TA08580F%20-%20corrected%20proofs%20-final%EF%BC%89.pdf Copyright and reuse:The Nottingham ePrints service makes this work by researchers of the University of Nottingham available open access under the following conditions. This article is made available under the University of Nottingham End User licence and may be reused according to the conditions of the licence. For more details see: http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/end_user_agreement.pdf A note on versions:The version presented here may differ from the published version or from the version of record. If you wish to cite this item you are advised to consult the publisher's version. Please see the repository url above for details on accessing the published version and note that access may require a subscription. Translation errors between word-processor files and typesetting systems can occur so the whole proof needs to be read. Please pay particular attention to: tabulated material; equations; numerical data; figures and graphics; and references. If you have not already indicated the corresponding author(s) please mark their name(s) with an asterisk. Please e-mail a list of corrections or the PDF with electronic notes attached -do not change the text within the PDF file or send a revised manuscript. Corrections at this stage should be minor and not involve extensive changes. All corrections must be sent at the same time.Please bear in mind that minor layout improvements, e.g. in line breaking, table widths and graphic placement, are routinely applied to the final version.We will publish articles on the web as soon as possible after receiving your corrections; n no late corrections will be made. The sluggish rate of the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells has been a major challenge. Significantly increasing efforts have been made worldwide towards a highly active ORR catalyst with high durability. Among all the catalysts exploited, Pt electrocatalysts are still the best in terms of a comprehensive evaluation. The investigation of Pt-based ORR catalysts is necessary for a practical ORR catalyst with low Pt content. This paper reviews recent progress in the studies of the mechanism, nanostructure, size effect and carbon supports of Pt electrocatalysts for the ORR. The importance of the size and structure control of Pt ORR catalysts, related with carbon support materials, is indicated. The potential methods for such control are discussed. The progress in theoretical studies and in situ catalyst characterization are also discussed. Finally, challenges and future developments are addressed.

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Section: -64mentioning

confidence: 99%

A comprehensive review of Pt electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction: Nanostructure, activity, mechanism and carbon support in PEM fuel cells

et al. 2017

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“…Commonly used procedures include Pt 4? or Pt 2? salts reduction by borohydride [12][13][14][15][16], hydrogen [17,18], alcohol [19][20][21][22][23][24], glycol [25,26], or ethylene glycol [27,28] in the presence of a stabilizer or on a solid support. Despite a large choice of synthetic protocols, an accurate control of the particle size, simple and reproducible synthetic strategies are important to investigate their physical and chemical properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimized reduction conditions for the microfluidic synthesis of 1.3 ± 0.3 nm Pt clusters

et al. 2015

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Recently, small (\2 nm) and monodispersed Pt clusters has gained much attention due to their high catalytic activity in the aerobic oxidations. However, the chemical synthesis of small Pt clusters is not trivial; high temperature is often required to completely reduce the Pt 4?/2? ions to Pt 0 , which accelerates the growth of the Pt clusters. Here, we discussed a very simple microfluidic reduction of Pt 4? to Pt 0 by NaBH 4 in the presence of PVP that produces \2 nm Pt clusters in any variable reduction conditions. The microfluidic reduction conditions were optimized for the synthesis of possible smallest Pt clusters in terms of five reaction parameters: (1) temperature, (2) concentration of H 2 PtCl 6 , (3) molar ratio of NaBH 4 to Pt 4? ions, (4) molar ratio of PVP-monomer to Pt 4? ions, and (5) molecular weight/chain length of PVP. We found that possible smallest particles with average diameter 1.3 ± 0.3 nm were produced when aqueous solutions of H 2 PtCl 6 (4 mM) and NaBH 4 (40 mM) containing PVP (160 mM) were injected into the micromixer placed in an icebath at a flow rate of 200 mL/h. The produced particles were characterized by UV-visible absorption spectrophotometry, powder X-ray diffractometry and transmission electron microscopy.

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“…For example, metal nanocluster and nanoparticles (e.g. Pt, Pd and Au) are industrially very important catalysts, such as fuel cell to generate hydrogen energy (11), which is drawing great attention as a future source of clean energy (12,13). Theoretical studies on the chemisorption of hydrogen have been performed and are reviewed in many publications (14)(15)(16).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical, Electrical, and Catalytic Properties of Metal Nanoclusters Investigated by ab initio Molecular Dynamics Simulation: A Mini Review

QG¹

2015

ACS Symposium Series

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Metal nanoclusters (e.g. Pt, Pd, and Au) have been those of the most valuable catalysts that have been used in many catalytic fields of hydrogenation, fuel-cell technologies, and water splitting photo-catalytically, etc. In this mini review, the previous works from our group about the optical, electrical and catalytic properties of metal nanoclusters, such as Pt 13 , Pd 13 , and Au 13 , have been reviewed. Ab initio molecular dynamics simulation (AIMD) at a DFT (Density Functional Theory) level has been applied to simulate the catalytic properties. The results show that Pt 13 and Pd 13 nanocluster present interesting hydrogen reduction and molecular H 2 desorption on the surface of the metal nanoclusters. An elementary hydrogen evolution mechanism on the metal nanocluster was established as H ads + +H ads + + 2e -+ M ads → [M ads -H ads -H ads ] → H 2 + M (M~metal). On the other hand, an Au nanocluster, which is protected by organic thiolate groups, was investigated by ab initio electron dynamics (AIED) calculation. The comparison between the protected and unprotected Au nanoclusters clarifies the contributions from Au core and organic thiolate ligands to the optical and electronic properties, such as photoexcitation, electron/hole relaxation, and energy dissipation, etc.

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Platinum-Based Nanostructured Materials: Synthesis, Properties, and Applications

Cited by 1,313 publications

References 424 publications

A comprehensive review of Pt electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction: Nanostructure, activity, mechanism and carbon support in PEM fuel cells

A comprehensive review of Pt electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction: Nanostructure, activity, mechanism and carbon support in PEM fuel cells

Optimized reduction conditions for the microfluidic synthesis of 1.3 ± 0.3 nm Pt clusters

Optical, Electrical, and Catalytic Properties of Metal Nanoclusters Investigated by ab initio Molecular Dynamics Simulation: A Mini Review

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