Pliocene to Holocene geomorphic evolution and paleogeography of the El’gygytgyn Lake region, NE Russia

Glushkova, O. Yu.; Smirnov, V. N.

doi:10.1007/s10933-006-9021-x

Cited by 63 publications

(121 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…There is little data available concerning environmental conditions across Chukotka before 3.6 Myr BP, and these data are obtained from a number of floodplain outcrops in the Enmyvaam River valley, south of the El'gygytgyn Lake basin (Belyi et al, 1994;Minyuk et al, 2006;Glushkova and Smirnov, 2007, and references therein). The sediments are paleomagnetically dated to the Gauss chron (3.6-2.5 Myr BP) by Minyuk et al (2006).…”

Section: Environmental Conditions Before 36 Myr Bpmentioning

confidence: 99%

Late Pliocene and Early Pleistocene vegetation history of northeastern Russian Arctic inferred from the Lake El'gygytgyn pollen record

et al. 2014

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Abstract. The 318 m thick lacustrine sediment record from Lake El'gygytgyn, northeastern Russian Arctic cored by the international El'gygytgyn Drilling Project provides unique opportunities for the time-continuous reconstruction of the regional paleoenvironmental history for the past 3.6 Myr. Pollen studies of the lower 216 m of the lacustrine sediments demonstrate their value as an excellent archive of vegetation and climate changes during the Late Pliocene and Early Pleistocene. About 3.5-3.35 Myr BP, the vegetation at Lake El'gygytgyn, now an area of tundra was dominated by spruce-larch-fir-hemlock forests. After ca. 3.35 Myr BP dark coniferous taxa gradually disappeared. A very pronounced environmental change took place ca. 3.31-3.28 Myr BP, corresponding to the Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) M2, when treeless tundra-and steppe-like habitats became dominant in the regional vegetation. Climate conditions were similar to those of Late Pleistocene cold intervals. Numerous coprophilous fungi spores identified in the pollen samples suggest the presence of grazing animals around the lake. Following the MIS M2 event, larch-pine forests with some spruce mostly dominated the area until ca. 2.6 Myr BP, interrupted by colder and drier intervals ca. 3.043-3.025, 2.935-2.912, and 2.719-2.698 Myr BP. At the beginning of the Pleistocene, ca. 2.6 Myr BP, noticeable climatic deterioration occurred. Forested habitats changed to predominantly treeless and shrubby environments, which reflect a relatively cold and dry climate. Peaks in observed green algae colonies (Botryococcus) around 2.53, 2.45, 2.32-2.305, 2.20 and 2.16-2.15 Myr BP suggest a spread of shallow water environments. A few intervals (i.e., 2.55-2.53, ca. 2.37, and 2.35-2.32 Myr BP) with a higher presence of coniferous taxa (mostly pine and larch) document some relatively shortterm climate ameliorations during Early Pleistocene glacial periods.

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Section: Environmental Conditions Before 36 Myr Bpmentioning

confidence: 99%

Late Pliocene and Early Pleistocene vegetation history of northeastern Russian Arctic inferred from the Lake El'gygytgyn pollen record

et al. 2014

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“…Glushkova and Smirnov (2007) mapped two ancient shorelines based on subaerial terrace remnants, which are tentatively attributed to the "Middle Pleistocene" at 35-40 m above the present lake level (+40 m terrace) and the "Late Pleistocene" at 9-11 m above the present lake level (+10 m terrace). Schwamborn et al (2008) dated an Allerød (AD) lake level at 3-4 m above the present lake level (+4 m terrace).…”

Section: Environmental Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The water level of Lake El'gygytgyn, which developed in the 3.6 million year old impact crater in the Eurasian Arctic (Layer, 2000), has changed several times, at least during the late Quaternary as indicated by subaerial and subaquatic lake terrace remnants (Glushkova and Smirnov, 2007;Schwamborn et al, 2008;Juschus et al, 2011). Recently the basin fill was cored and a unique 312 m long Pliocene-Pleistocene lake sediment record (core 5011-1) was retrieved, which is being explored for palaeoclimatic and palaeoenvironmental reconstruction (Melles et al, 2012;Brigham-Grette et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Next to prograding sediment transport permafrost showing Lake El'gygytgyn and drill sites 5011-3 on the permafrost flat west of the lake and 5011-1 in the lake. Dashed black lines indicate shorelines of the Middle Pleistocene (outer) and the Late Pleistocene (middle) according to Glushkova and Smirnov (2007), and the Allerød (inner) based on Schwamborn et al (2008). The inner broken white line indicates the shoreline of the LGM according to Juschus et al (2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Today's catchment-to-lake ratio is only 1.6 : 1, but the catchment size has changed during the Quaternary based on geomorphic studies of terraces in the area (e.g. Glushkova and Smirnov, 2007) and lake level changes potentially exerted a large influence on the amount and nature of material released into the basin.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Past freeze and thaw cycling in the margin of the El'gygytgyn crater deduced from a 141 m long permafrost record

Schwamborn

Meyer²,

Schirrmeister³

et al. 2014

Clim. Past

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Abstract. The continuous sediment record from Lake El'gygytgyn in the northeastern Eurasian Arctic spans the last 3.6 Ma and for much of this time permafrost dynamics and lake level changes have likely played a crucial role for sediment delivery to the lake. Changes in the ground-ice hydrochemical composition (δ 18 O, δD, pH, electrical conductivity, Na + , Mg 2+ , Ca 2+ , K + , HCO − 3 , Cl − , SO − 4 ) of a 141 m long permafrost record from the western crater plain are examined to reconstruct repeated periods of freeze and thaw at the lake edge. Stable water isotope and major ion records of ground ice in the permafrost reflect both a synsedimentary palaeo-precipitation signal preserved in the near-surface permafrost (0.0-9.1 m core depth) and a post-depositional record of thawing and refreezing in deeper layers of the core (9.1-141.0 m core depth). These lake marginal permafrost dynamics were controlled by lake level changes that episodically flooded the surfaces and induced thaw in the underlying frozen ground. During times of lake level fall these layers froze over again. At least three cycles of freeze and thaw are identified and the hydrochemical data point to a vertical and horizontal talik refreezing through time. Past permafrost thaw and freeze may have destabilised the basin slopes of Lake El'gygytgyn and this has probably promoted the release of mass movements from the lake edge to the deeper basin as known from frequently occurring turbidite layers in the lake sediment column.

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Archaeal lipids reveal climate‐driven changes in microbial ecology at Lake El'gygytgyn (Far East Russia) during the Plio‐Pleistocene

Daniels

Castañeda

Salacup

et al. 2021

J Quaternary Science

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Isoprenoid glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers (iGDGTs) are commonly preserved molecular biomarkers of archaea whose distributions can be used to reconstruct past temperature, and possibly, methane and nitrogen cycling. To date, iGDGT systematics have not been widely investigated in Arctic lacustrine environments. Here, we analyze iGDGTs in sediments of Lake El'gygytgyn, located in the Russian Arctic, to reconstruct the paleoenvironmental conditions from the Pliocene to today using TEX86 and other indices. The TEX86‐inferred temperature history shows a long‐term warming trend, in stark contrast to other Arctic records and other proxies from Lake El'gygytgyn, suggesting that non‐temperature factors obfuscate the use of TEX86 at this site. Other GDGT‐based indices including the BIT Index, ΔRing Index, Methane Index and the GDGT‐0/crenarchaeol ratio suggest that TEX86 is strongly influenced by archaeal community changes. The most significant community shifts are observed c. 2.4 Ma and record an increase in Euryarchaeota production and/or a decrease in Thaumarchaeota production, which was driven by the establishment of permafrost and perennial lake ice during the early Pleistocene. Overall, this study demonstrates an important interpretative framework for iGDGTs in lacustrine systems and describes variations in Arctic climate and lake biogeochemistry over timescales of thousands to millions of years.

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Pliocene to Holocene geomorphic evolution and paleogeography of the El’gygytgyn Lake region, NE Russia

Cited by 63 publications

References 8 publications

Late Pliocene and Early Pleistocene vegetation history of northeastern Russian Arctic inferred from the Lake El'gygytgyn pollen record

Late Pliocene and Early Pleistocene vegetation history of northeastern Russian Arctic inferred from the Lake El'gygytgyn pollen record

Past freeze and thaw cycling in the margin of the El'gygytgyn crater deduced from a 141 m long permafrost record

Archaeal lipids reveal climate‐driven changes in microbial ecology at Lake El'gygytgyn (Far East Russia) during the Plio‐Pleistocene

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