“…Some organophosphate and carbamate insecticides have been removed from the post-harvest market, while some others are under threat of removal. In addition, strains of P. interpunctella have developed resistance to the organophosphate malathion and several other organophosphates (Attia, 1977(Attia, , 1981Zettler et al, 1973Zettler et al, , 1989Zettler, 1982;Arthur et al, 1988;Sumner et al, 1988;Schaafsma, 1990;Subramanyam and Hagstrum, 1996;Arthur and Phillips, 2003). Plodia interpunctella has also developed resistance to the microbial insecticide Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner in laboratory selection studies, (Johnson et al, 1990;Van-Rie et al, 1990;McGaughey and Johnson, 1992;Subramanyam and Hagstrum, 1996;Herrero et al, 2001), but there is no direct evidence of field resistance.…”