Pneumococcal serotype distribution in 1315 nasopharyngeal swabs from a highly vaccinated cohort of Italian children as detected by RT-PCR

Pasinato, Angela; Indolfi, Giuseppe; Marchisio, Paola; Valleriani, Claudia; Cortimiglia, Martina; Spanevello, Valter; Chiamenti, Giampietro; Buzzetti, Roberto; Resti, Massimo; Azzari, Chiara

doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2014.01.023

Cited by 22 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…This difference in the overall SPNP carriage rate between our study and the survey by Ozdemir et al (6.4% vs 21.6%) may also be explained by the introduction of PCV13, which protected against non-PCV7 serotypes during the 2 year period. The significant decrease observed in SPNP carriage was also one of the lowest rates of S. pneumoniae carriage observed among European countries, a finding that was perhaps the most striking of our study [28][29][30]. We also analyzed SPNP serotype changes during Table 3 The antibiotic susceptibilities of the S. pneumoniae isolates with respect to serotype.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

The impact of a pneumococcal conjugate vaccination program on the nasopharyngeal carriage, serotype distribution and antimicrobial resistance of Streptococcus pneumoniae among healthy children in Turkey

Soysal

Karabağ-Yılmaz

Kepenekli

et al. 2016

Vaccine

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

The impact of a pneumococcal conjugate vaccination program on the nasopharyngeal carriage, serotype distribution and antimicrobial resistance of Streptococcus pneumoniae among healthy children in Turkey

Soysal

Karabağ-Yılmaz

Kepenekli

et al. 2016

Vaccine

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“…In both cases, there was a predominance of serotypes 19A, 7F/A and 3. For NP swabs, all cmPCR and rmPCRs should be performed on pneumococci-positive specimens as co-colonization with different S. pneumoniae serotypes is possible in the nasopharynx (Pasinato et al, 2014;Saha et al, 2015). It is possible that some co-colonization serotypes may be overlooked with competition in multiplex, but this hypothesis would require further testing.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Streptococcus pneumoniae (or pneumococcus) is a bacterium that colonizes the nasopharynx of humans (Gray et al, 1980;Bogaert et al, 2004;Pasinato et al, 2014). Whilst colonization is often asymptomatic, infections do occur, manifesting as community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) and infections of normally sterile sites (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection and prediction of Streptococcus pneumoniae serotypes directly from nasopharyngeal swabs using PCR

Lang

McNeil

Hatchette

et al. 2015

Journal of Medical Microbiology

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Monitoring Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype distribution is important to assess the impact and effectiveness of pneumococcal vaccine programs. With the challenges of Quellung serotyping, PCR-based serotype prediction is increasingly being used for large-scale epidemiological studies. This study used real-time (RT)-PCR targeting the genes encoding autolysin (lytA) and capsular biosynthesis gene A (cpsA) of S. pneumoniae in nucleic acids extracted directly from nasopharyngeal (NP) swabs submitted for viral studies. If the specimen was lytA or cpsA PCR-positive, then serotype prediction was performed on the same nucleic acid using eight conventional multiplex PCRs (cmPCRs) and seven real-time multiplex PCRs (rmPCRs). Of 1770 NP swabs, 132 (7.5 %) were lytA-positive and 122 (6.9 %) were positive for both targets (lytA and cpsA). Of the 122 lytA + cpsA + specimens, a serotype could be assigned in 52 (41.8 %) using cmPCR alone and the yield was increased to 70 (57.4 %) with the addition of rmPCR. Based on sensitivity, incremental yield and more efficient workflow, an algorithm was proposed where lytA and cpsA RT-PCR screening was followed by serotype deduction using rmPCR and a modified set of four instead of eight cmPCRs. This algorithm was validated for use on NP swabs, and the distribution of S. pneumoniae serotypes deduced from this approach showed good concordance with those obtained with cultured isolates serotyped by Quellung and PCR. Overall, molecular detection and serotyping of S. pneumoniae from NP swabs was found to be a valuable tool to assess S. pneumoniae colonization and monitor trends in serotype distribution.

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“…NP swabs were found positive for Streptococcus pneumoniae in over 50% or healthy children included in the study, confirming our previous results. 16 Over 80% children carried multiple serotypes. That proportion is higher than previously described by our group; 16 the main reason is that 29 primers/probes were used in the present work compared to 21 primer/probes in our previous works 16,17 so allowing individuation of a large number of serotypes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pneumococcal serotype distribution in adults with invasive disease and in carrier children in Italy: Should we expect herd protection of adults through infants' vaccination?

Azzari

Cortimiglia

Nieddu

et al. 2015

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics

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The 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) produced a significant herd protection in unvaccinated adult population mostly because of pneumococcus carriage decrease in vaccinated children. It is not known if the 13-valent pneumococcal vaccine can give similar effect on adults. Aims of the work were to evaluate whether the 6 additional serotypes are present in nasopharynx of children and serotype distribution in invasive pneumococcal infections (IPD) in adults. Realtime-PCR was used to evaluate pneumococcal serotypes in adults with confirmed IPD and in nasopharyngeal swabs (NP) from 629 children not vaccinated or vaccinated with PCV7 and resident in the same geographical areas. Two hundred twenty-one patients (116 males, median 67.9 years) with IPD were studied (pneumonia n = 103, meningitis n = 61 sepsis n = 50, other n = 7). Two hundred twelve were serotyped. The most frequent serotypes were 3, (31/212; 14.6%), 19A, (19/212; 9.0%), 12 (17/212; 8.0%), 7F, (14/212; 6.6%). In NP of children, the frequency of those serotypes causing over 50% of IPD in adults was very low, ranging from 0.48% for serotype 7F to 7.9% for serotype 19A. On the other side serotype 5, very frequent in NP (18.7%) caused <1% IPD. In conclusion serotypes causing IPD in adults are very rarely found in children NP. We suggest that herd protection obtainable with the additional 6 serotypes included in PCV13 may be more limited than that demonstrated with PCV7 in the past. In order to reduce the burden of disease in adults, adults should be offered a specific vaccination program with highly immunogenic PCV.

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Pneumococcal serotype distribution in 1315 nasopharyngeal swabs from a highly vaccinated cohort of Italian children as detected by RT-PCR

Cited by 22 publications

References 32 publications

The impact of a pneumococcal conjugate vaccination program on the nasopharyngeal carriage, serotype distribution and antimicrobial resistance of Streptococcus pneumoniae among healthy children in Turkey

The impact of a pneumococcal conjugate vaccination program on the nasopharyngeal carriage, serotype distribution and antimicrobial resistance of Streptococcus pneumoniae among healthy children in Turkey

Detection and prediction of Streptococcus pneumoniae serotypes directly from nasopharyngeal swabs using PCR

Pneumococcal serotype distribution in adults with invasive disease and in carrier children in Italy: Should we expect herd protection of adults through infants' vaccination?

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