Point Defects and Sintering of Lead Zirconate‐Titanate

Atkin, Robert B.; Fulrath, Richard M.

doi:10.1111/j.1151-2916.1971.tb12286.x

Cited by 217 publications

(93 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The increase of Ni 2+ ions inhabit the grain growth keeping the grain size small. Our explanation in similar to previous work [10], [11].…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 80%

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High Quality of Piezoelectric Response of Nano Ni Doped Pb1-xNixTiO3 Ceramic

Tawfik¹,

Hemeda²,

Hemeda³

et al. 2016

JAMP

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A series of Pb 1−x Ni x TiO 3 (x = 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4 and 0.5) were prepared by the general ceramic and co-precipitation method. The grain size decreased with increasing Ni contents. The piezoelectric modulus d 33 increased with increasing Ni contents. It was observed also the d 33 of the nanocomposite Pb 1−x Ni x TiO 3 prepared by co-precipitation method is higher than those of the prepared by general ceramic method. The coupling factor k p increased by the more doping of Ni. The ultrasonic wave velocity decreased also with increasing Ni contents. The polarized nano-sample of composition Pb 0.5 Ni 0.5 TiO 3 is suitable for improving application of useful piezoelectric technology.

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“…The increase of Ni 2+ ions inhabit the grain growth keeping the grain size small. Our explanation in similar to previous work [10], [11].…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 80%

“…These vacancies help the domain wall to vibrate early leading to decreases the ultrasonic wave velocity. Our explain is in close to previous work on PZT [11]. Figure 6.…”

Section: Effect Of Ni Contents On the Ultrasonic Velocitysupporting

confidence: 77%

High Quality of Piezoelectric Response of Nano Ni Doped Pb1-xNixTiO3 Ceramic

Tawfik¹,

Hemeda²,

Hemeda³

et al. 2016

JAMP

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“…6,11 A similar phenomenon has been detected in the PLZT system by Hammer and Hoffmann. 13 In the present experiment, we focus on the phenomena of final-stage sintering.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 59%

Microstructural Evolution of Transparent PLZT Ceramics Sintered in Air and Oxygen Atmospheres

Choi

Ryu

Kim

2001

Journal of the American Ceramic Society

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Transparent lanthanum-doped lead zirconate titanate (PLZT) ceramics were fabricated by air-pressure sintering. When the PLZT (9/65/35) specimens were sintered in air, the microstructure was not uniform throughout the body; the outer region near the surface was completely dense, while the inner region of the body was porous. The thickness of the outer dense layer increased parabolically with sintering time. When the specimen was sintered in air at 1200°C for 8 h, the thickness of the dense layer was ϳ0.25 mm. Therefore, when the specimen had a thickness of <0.5 mm, it was dense and transparent. This difference in microstructure was attributed to the formation of lattice vacancies as a result of PbO evaporation from the surface. The sintering atmosphere also was important in determining the thickness of the dense layer. The thickness was strongly dependent on the oxygen partial pressure of the atmosphere. The oxygen-gas trapped in pores was deemed to migrate easily through the lattice vacancies. By sintering in an oxygen-gas atmosphere at 1200°C for 8 h, a transparent PLZT with thickness up to 2 mm was fabricated.

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“…No sólo hay que tener en cuenta que esta mayor porosidad facilita la reacción de descomposición del PZT, lo que produce la aparición de ZrO 2 (6). La reducción del tamaño de grano en el material A2 se produce por la presencia de una mayor cantidad de Nb 2 O 5 ya que los iones del dopante se concentran cerca de los bordes de grano y reducen grandemente su movilidad (11).…”

Section: 2microestructuraunclassified

Influencia de la presencia de fases secundarias en las propiedades piezoeléctricas de materiales cerámicos basados en PZT

Jardiel¹,

Fernández²,

Caballero³

et al. 2002

Bol. Soc. Esp. Ceram. Vidr.

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Se ha realizado un estudio comparativo de la microestructura, las propiedades eléctricas y piezoeléctricas de un material cerámico PZT tipo-5A sin modificar y modificado con un exceso de Nb 2 O 5 . Mediante Microscopía Electrónica de Barrido se observa que el PZT modificado presenta una estructura más heterogénea. Se han caracterizado las propiedades dieléctricas y piezoeléctricas de los materiales con y sin adición de Nb 2 O 5 y se ha determinado la influencia de la presencia de fases secundarias sobre la variación de la Temperatura de Curie y el desplazamiento de la composición del PZT debido a la extracción de PbO desde la matriz de PZT.Palabras clave: Titanato Circonato de Plomo, Microestructura, Temperatura de Curie. Influence of the presence of secondary phases on the piezoelectric properties of PZT-based ceramicsA comparative study of the microstructure, the dielectric, and the piezoelectric properties of PZT-5A type ceramics unmodified and modified with an excess of Nb 2 O 5 has been carried out. By SEM, the microstructure of the modified ceramics appears more heterogeneous than that corresponding to the unmodified one. The piezoelectric and dielectric properties of both materials, with and without Nb 2 O 5 addition, have been measured. The influence of the secondary phases on the variation of the Curie temperature has been determined, as well as the displacement of the PZT composition due to extraction of PbO from the PZT matrix.Key words: Lead Titanate Zirconate, Microstructure, Curie Temperature. INTRODUCCIÓNLos materiales cerámicos basados en titanato circonato de plomo, Pb(Zr x Ti 1-x )O 3 (PZT), se utilizan como elementos piezoeléctricos en una amplia variedad de aplicaciones. En el rango de composición de la frontera morfotrópica de fases estos materiales presentan los coeficientes piezoeléctricos más elevados (1,2). El aumento de las propiedades piezoeléctricas en las proximidades de la frontera morfotrópica de fases se debe a un aumento en la facilidad de reorientación de los dominios durante la polarización causado por la proximidad de las estructuras ferroeléctricas tetragonal y romboédrica, ya que es mayor el número de direcciones disponibles para la polarización, y por un máximo en la complianza mecánica.La presencia de fases secundarias influye notablemente sobre sus propiedades dieléctricas y piezoeléctricas. Las cerá-micas de PZT se usan casi siempre con adiciones de dopantes, modificadores u otros constituyentes químicos, a fin de mejorar y optimizar sus excelentes propiedades básicas. El Nb +5 clasifica dentro del grupo de los dopantes donadores. Éstos son iones cuya valencia es mayor que la del ión que reemplazan en la red. Los donores producen vacantes de plomo para mantener la electroneutralidad local, lo que facilita el movimiento de las paredes de dominio (3) y explica muchas de las propiedades de este grupo de aditivos. Sin embargo, la adición de Nb 5+ provoca una disminución del tamaño de grano y de la densidad en el material, y conduce a la formación de ZrO 2 como fase secundari...

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Point Defects and Sintering of Lead Zirconate‐Titanate

Cited by 217 publications

References 12 publications

High Quality of Piezoelectric Response of Nano Ni Doped Pb<sub>1-x</sub>Ni<sub>x</sub>TiO<sub>3</sub> Ceramic

High Quality of Piezoelectric Response of Nano Ni Doped Pb<sub>1-x</sub>Ni<sub>x</sub>TiO<sub>3</sub> Ceramic

Microstructural Evolution of Transparent PLZT Ceramics Sintered in Air and Oxygen Atmospheres

Influencia de la presencia de fases secundarias en las propiedades piezoeléctricas de materiales cerámicos basados en PZT

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Point Defects and Sintering of Lead Zirconate‐Titanate

Cited by 217 publications

References 12 publications

High Quality of Piezoelectric Response of Nano Ni Doped Pb&lt;sub&gt;1-x&lt;/sub&gt;Ni&lt;sub&gt;x&lt;/sub&gt;TiO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; Ceramic

High Quality of Piezoelectric Response of Nano Ni Doped Pb&lt;sub&gt;1-x&lt;/sub&gt;Ni&lt;sub&gt;x&lt;/sub&gt;TiO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; Ceramic

Microstructural Evolution of Transparent PLZT Ceramics Sintered in Air and Oxygen Atmospheres

Influencia de la presencia de fases secundarias en las propiedades piezoeléctricas de materiales cerámicos basados en PZT

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High Quality of Piezoelectric Response of Nano Ni Doped Pb<sub>1-x</sub>Ni<sub>x</sub>TiO<sub>3</sub> Ceramic

High Quality of Piezoelectric Response of Nano Ni Doped Pb<sub>1-x</sub>Ni<sub>x</sub>TiO<sub>3</sub> Ceramic