Point prevalence and risk factors of hospital acquired infections in a cluster of university-affiliated hospitals in Shiraz, Iran

Askarian, Mehrdad; Yadollahi, Mahnaz; Assadian, Ojan

doi:10.1016/j.jiph.2011.12.004

Cited by 63 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The prevalence from other parts of Nigeria also showed higher rates of SSI, e.g., 17.3% in Lagos, and 23.6% in Zaria [18,19].…”

Section: Premorbid Status and Ssimentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of premorbid status and wound related factors in surgical site infection in a tertiary hospital in sub-saharan Africa

Osakwe¹,

Nnaji²,

Osakwe³

et al. 2014

Fam Pract Rep

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Background: Surgical site infection (SSI) is the commonest hospital acquired infection in surgical patients globally. It has remained a major cause of morbidity and mortality and a major source of worry to both the patients, doctors, hospitals and the community as a whole. Aim: To determine the role of premorbid status, wound class and cadre of surgeons on the prevalence rate of surgical site infections. Materials and methods: This was a cross-sectional study involving 200 randomly recruited surgical patients between April and June 2012 at Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi. Pre-tested, interviewer administered questionnaires and laboratory test results were used to collect data, which were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences, version 16. Results: The prevalence of surgical site infection was 15.5% (or 31 of 200) among the participants. Premorbid status, as well as, wound class, of the patients affected the rate of SSI (p=0.007) and (p=0.009), respectively. However, the wound location did not show any significant effect on the prevalence of SSI. Conclusion:The study found a high prevalence of SSI which was dependent on the class of wound, and premorbid status of the patient.

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“…The prevalence from other parts of Nigeria also showed higher rates of SSI, e.g., 17.3% in Lagos, and 23.6% in Zaria [18,19].…”

Section: Premorbid Status and Ssimentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of premorbid status and wound related factors in surgical site infection in a tertiary hospital in sub-saharan Africa

Osakwe¹,

Nnaji²,

Osakwe³

et al. 2014

Fam Pract Rep

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“…All hospitalized patients are susceptible to contracting a nosocomial infection. Some patients are at greater risk of HAIs than others, including young children, the elderly, and persons with compromised immune systems (3,4). Other suggested risk factors are long hospital stays, the use of indwelling catheters, failure of healthcare workers to wash their hands, overuse of antibiotics, and hospitalization within the previous year (5).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology of Hospital-Acquired Infections and Related Anti-Microbial Resistance Patterns in a Tertiary-Care Teaching Hospital in Zahedan, Southeast Iran

2015

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Background: Healthcare-acquired infections (HAIs) that patients develop during the course of healthcare treatment are important causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the epidemiology of HAIs in a tertiary-care teaching hospital in Zahedan, southeast Iran. Patients and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of patients admitted to Ali-Ibn-Abitalib Hospital, a tertiary-care teaching center, from March 2013 through March 2014. All patients admitted during this study period were examined by head nurses on a daily basis for detecting four types of HAIs: surgical site infection, urinary tract infection, pneumonia, and bloodstream infection. All the identified HAIs were registered into the Iranian National Nosocomial Infections Surveillance System Software. Pathogens were identified using standard microbiological methods, and antimicrobial susceptibility was determined by disk diffusion tests according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines. Descriptive statistics were used for data analysis. Results: A total of 16,140 patients were admitted to the hospital during the study period, including 162 found to have HAIs (approximately 1%). The majority (79.6%) of the HAIs were reported from the intensive care units (n = 129), followed by the medical wards (10.5%, n = 17) and obstetrics/gynecology ward (7.4%, n = 12). The most common site of infection was the respiratory tract (67.9%) followed by the urinary tract (13.6%). Among the pathogens isolated, Acinetobacter and Enterobacter were the most common (17.6%) followed by Escherichia coli (11%). Overall, multidrug resistance was observed in 95% of the isolates. Conclusions:The HAI prevalence found in this study was lower than HAI rates reported in some other studies from Iran. The isolates showed high resistance to common antibiotics. Guidelines for improving HAI surveillance and stringent measures to reduce the prevalence of multidrug-resistant HAIs must be implemented to reduce the rate and the consequences of HAIs.

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“…In the present study, the infection rate was low (4.9%) compared to other studies of Lilani et al, Mumbai (8.95%), 7 Awari et al Ahmedabad (8.29%) 8 and Saito et al Japan (7.6%). 9 But infection rate was higher than reports from Columbia (2.6%), 10 United States (2.8%), 11 Iran (2.4%) 12 and Mangolia (3.9%). 13 The infected cases included 4 males (3.8%) and 8 females (5.7%) in the study group.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

Surgical Site Infections in Elective Surgeries: A Study From a Teaching Hospital in South India

Sankaran¹,

Kesavan²,

Kannambra³

2017

jemds

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BACKGROUND Surgical Site Infections (SSIs) continue to be a major complication despite the improvements in surgical practice. Infections caused by drug-resistant pathogens are expensive in terms of cost of treatment, morbidity and prolonged hospitalisation. Early detection, treatment and prevention of surgical infections are important, because it may lead to sepsis with substantial morbidity and mortality.The aim of this study is to find out the infection rate in elective surgeries and to identify the pathogens with their antibiotic sensitivity pattern. MATERIALS AND METHODSA prospective study was conducted among 245 post-operative patients admitted in the General Surgery wards of a teaching hospital in south India. Swabs were taken from the surgical sites for bacteriological analysis after 48 hours of surgery. Each case was followed up till a period of one month. Second swab was taken if any wound infection was noticed and antibiotic sensitivity pattern of the pathogens were studied against the commonly used antibiotics. RESULTSAmong the 245 cases studied infection rates were 3% in clean surgeries, 8.3% in clean contaminated and 30% in contaminated types of surgeries. Overall, SSI rate was 4.9%. Staphylococcus aureus (50%) and Escherichia coli (38%) were the major pathogens. 37.5% of S. aureus were Methicillin resistant, while 57.1% of the Gram-negative pathogens were resistant to 3 rd generation cephalosporin. Wound colonisation was noticed in 28.2% wound sites, which was predominated by S. aureus (80.5%). CONCLUSIONHigh prevalence of S. aureus and Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) suggest the recommendations to prevent cross infections by improving hygienic measures including hand washing. Screening of nasal carriage of MRSA in attending health care professionals is to be considered. The reduced susceptibility profile of Gram negative pathogens indicates the limited usefulness of antibiotics for prophylaxis and treatment and so antibiotic policy is to be revised.

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Point prevalence and risk factors of hospital acquired infections in a cluster of university-affiliated hospitals in Shiraz, Iran

Cited by 63 publications

References 26 publications

Role of premorbid status and wound related factors in surgical site infection in a tertiary hospital in sub-saharan Africa

Role of premorbid status and wound related factors in surgical site infection in a tertiary hospital in sub-saharan Africa

Epidemiology of Hospital-Acquired Infections and Related Anti-Microbial Resistance Patterns in a Tertiary-Care Teaching Hospital in Zahedan, Southeast Iran

Surgical Site Infections in Elective Surgeries: A Study From a Teaching Hospital in South India

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