Polar epicuticular lipids of Lycopersicon pennellii

Burke, Basil A.; Goldsby, Gwendolyn P.; Mudd, J.B.

doi:10.1016/s0031-9422(00)83879-0

Cited by 77 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…A similar analysis confirmed that S. pennellii exudates contain a mix of Glc and Suc esters comprising branched short-chain fatty acids (2MeC3:0, 2MeC4:0, and 3MeC4:0) and branched or straight medium-chain fatty acids (8MeC9:0, C10:0, and C12:0; Supplemental Fig. S2C; Burke et al, 1987;Shapiro et al, 1994;Li et al, 1999).…”

Section: Acyl Sugar and Fatty Acid Production In N Benthamiana And Ssupporting

confidence: 57%

“…S. pennellii secretes a mix of Glc and Suc esters that contain predominantly BCFAs: 2-methylpropanoic acid (2MeC3:0), 2-methylbutanoic acid and 3-methylbutanoic acid (2MeC4:0 and 3MeC4:0), and 8-methylnonanoic acid (8MeC9:0), as well as some straight-chain fatty acids (SCFAs; C10:0 and C12:0; Burke et al, 1987;Shapiro et al, 1994;Li et al, 1999). In N. benthamiana, the predominant BCFAs are 6-methylheptanoic acid and 5-methylheptanoic acid (6MeC7:0 and 5MeC7:0), but the precise acyl sugar composition has not been described (Kroumova and Wagner, 2003).…”

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Transcriptomic and Reverse Genetic Analysesof Branched-Chain Fatty Acid and Acyl Sugar Production inSolanum pennelliiandNicotiana benthamiana

et al. 2008

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Acyl sugars containing branched-chain fatty acids (BCFAs) are exuded by glandular trichomes of many species in Solanaceae, having an important defensive role against insects. From isotope-feeding studies, two modes of BCFA elongation have been proposed: (1) fatty acid synthase-mediated two-carbon elongation in the high acyl sugar-producing tomato species Solanum pennellii and Datura metel; and (2) a-keto acid elongation-mediated one-carbon increments in several tobacco (Nicotiana) species and a Petunia species. To investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying BCFAs and acyl sugar production in trichomes, we have taken a comparative genomic approach to identify critical enzymatic steps followed by gene silencing and metabolite analysis in S. pennellii and Nicotiana benthamiana. Our study verified the existence of distinct mechanisms of acyl sugar synthesis in Solanaceae. From microarray analyses, genes associated with a-keto acid elongation were found to be among the most strongly expressed in N. benthamiana trichomes only, supporting this model in tobacco species. Genes encoding components of the branched-chain keto-acid dehydrogenase complex were expressed at particularly high levels in trichomes of both species, and we show using virus-induced gene silencing that they are required for BCFA production in both cases and for acyl sugar synthesis in N. benthamiana. Functional analysis by down-regulation of specific KAS I genes and cerulenin inhibition indicated the involvement of the fatty acid synthase complex in BCFA production in S. pennellii. In summary, our study highlights both conserved and divergent mechanisms in the production of important defense compounds in Solanaceae and defines potential targets for engineering acyl sugar production in plants for improved pest tolerance.

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Section: Acyl Sugar and Fatty Acid Production In N Benthamiana And Ssupporting

confidence: 57%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptomic and Reverse Genetic Analysesof Branched-Chain Fatty Acid and Acyl Sugar Production inSolanum pennelliiandNicotiana benthamiana

et al. 2008

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“…Se por um lado, os desvios da segregação mendeliana não parecem, portanto, ter ocorrido nos estudos de Resende et al (2002b), uma vez que as conclusões foram idênticas às obtidas neste trabalho; por outro lado, os resultados aqui encontrados não necessariamente excluem os de Mutschler et al (1996) e Blauth et al (1998), que encontraram diferentes regiões cromossômicas, que afetam algum aspecto da produção de acilaçúcares; pois sendo os acilaçúcares um grupo bastante variado de ésteres de glicose e de sacarose, cuja porção acil varia de 4 a 12 carbonos (Burke et al, 1987), não seria surpreendente que sua síntese fosse afetada por mais de um gene, embora o efeito métrico no teor total pudesse essencialmente ser o de um loco apenas, que controlasse uma etapa crítica do processo de síntese (por exemplo, a reação de esterificação).…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

“…A resistência dessas espécies ocorre, principalmente, em razão da presença de substâncias químicas que, na maioria dos casos, estão presentes nos tricomas glandulares, os quais podem servir também como fator morfológico de resistência (Barona et al, 1989;Eigenbrode & Trumble, 1993;Lourenção & Nagai, 1994;Leite et al, 1999;Maluf et al, 2001;Freitas et al, 2002;Resende et al, 2002b;Gonçalves et al, 2006). Os acilaçúcares são complexos formados, principalmente, por 2,3,4-tri-O-éster de glicose, que possuem ácidos graxos com 4 a 12 átomos de carbono (Burke et al, 1987). A presença desses aleloquímicos, no acesso selvagem de tomateiro Lycopersicon pennellii 'LA-716', confere resistência a um grande número de pragas, inclusive àquelas consideradas pragas-chave na cultura do tomateiro.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Herança de acilaçúcares em genótipos de tomateiro provenientes de cruzamento interespecífico

Gonçalves

Maluf

Cardoso

et al. 2007

Pesq. agropec. bras.

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Resumo -O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar a herança da produção de acilaçúcares em genótipos de tomateiro, em uma população segregante (F 2 ) do terceiro retrocruzamento, para Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. 'TOM-584', a partir da espécie L. pennellii 'LA-716'. A determinação do teor de acilaçúcares foi realizada com metodologia para determinação de açúcares redutores. Os dados foram utilizados para verificação da herança monogênica, sob diferentes graus de dominância (GD) presumidos, por meio do teste qui-quadrado. Para verificar a existência de efeitos aditivos e não aditivos de um gene maior e de possíveis poligenes, utilizou-se o método da máxima verossimilhança. Para os diferentes GD testados, na faixa compreendida entre -0,7 e -0,4, a hipótese de herança monogênica não pôde ser descartada, o que indica a ação de alelo recessivo, com dominância incompleta na expressão de alto teor de acilaçúcares. Por meio de modelos genéticos pela função de verossimilhança, a hipótese de herança monogênica foi confirmada. Plantas de tomateiro, com boa resistência a artrópodos-praga, mediada pelo aleloquímico acilaçúcar, podem ser obtidas com eficiência em populações de retrocruzamentos, a partir do cruzamento interespecífico L. esculentum x L. pennellii.Termos para indexação: Lycopersicon esculentum, Lycopersicon pennellii, seleção, aleloquímico, resistência à praga. Inheritance of tomato leaflet acylsugar contents in genotypes derived from an interspecific crossAbstract -The objective of this work was to determine the inheritance of acylsugar contents in tomato genotypes, from the F 2 generation of the third backcross of L. esculentum Mill. 'TOM-584', after the original cross with the wild accession L. pennellii 'LA-716'. Acylsugar contents in tomato leaflets were measured according to a methodology for reducing sugars determination. The data obtained were evaluated with chi-square tests of monogenic hypotheses of inheritance, under different presumed degrees of dominance, and also under genetic models with the maximum likelihood function, in which presence of a major gene and possible polygenes with additive and non additive effects were tested. For the different presumed degrees of dominance (DD) tested in an array between -0.7 and -0.4, the hypotheses of monogenic inheritance could not be rejected, indicating that high acylsugar contents are controlled by a recessive allele in a locus with incomplete dominance. Genetic models tested under the maximum likelihood function also confirmed the hypothesis of monogenic inheritance. Tomato plants with adequate levels of acylsugar-mediated resistance to arthropod pests can be efficiently obtained in backcross populations, derived from the interspecific cross L. esculentum x L. pennellii.Index terms: Lycopersicon esculentum, Lycopersicon pennellii, selection, allelochemicals, pest resistance. IntroduçãoAlgumas espécies do gênero Lycopersicon apresentam elevada resistência a artrópodos-praga e apresentam potencial para utilização em programas de melhoramento genético que vis...

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“…The acylsugars identified thus far consist of short to medium (C2-C12) chain length aliphatic acids in normal (straight chain), iso (branched at the penultimate carbon), or anteiso (branched at the antepenultimate carbon) configuration esterified to Suc or Glc ( Fig. 1A; Severson et al, 1985;Burke et al, 1987;King et al, 1990;Walters and Steffens, 1990). Acylsugars contribute to direct defense against a wide variety of insect herbivores (Rodriguez et al, 1993;Juvik et al, 1994;Chortyk et al, 1997;Puterka et al, 2003), and substitutions in either the sugar or acyl chain component alter their insecticidal activity (Puterka et al, 2003).…”

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confidence: 99%

A feedback insensitive isopropylmalate synthase affects acylsugar composition in cultivated and wild tomato

Ning

Moghe²,

Leong³

et al. 2015

Plant Physiol.

177

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Acylsugars are insecticidal specialized metabolites produced in the glandular trichomes of plants in the Solanaceae family. In the tomato clade of the Solanum genus, acylsugars consist of aliphatic acids of different chain lengths esterified to sucrose, or less frequently to glucose. Through liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry screening of introgression lines, we previously identified a region of chromosome 8 in the Solanum pennellii LA0716 genome (IL8-1/8-1-1) that causes the cultivated tomato Solanum lycopersicum to shift from producing acylsucroses with abundant 3-methylbutanoic acid acyl chains derived from leucine metabolism to 2-methylpropanoic acid acyl chains derived from valine metabolism. We describe multiple lines of evidence implicating a trichome-expressed gene from this region as playing a role in this shift. S. lycopersicum M82 SlIPMS3 (Solyc08g014230) encodes a functional end product inhibition-insensitive version of the committing enzyme of leucine biosynthesis, isopropylmalate synthase, missing the carboxyl-terminal 160 amino acids. In contrast, the S. pennellii LA0716 IPMS3 allele found in IL8-1/8-1-1 encodes a nonfunctional truncated IPMS protein. M82 transformed with an SlIPMS3 RNA interference construct exhibited an acylsugar profile similar to that of IL8-1-1, whereas the expression of SlIPMS3 in IL8-1-1 partially restored the M82 acylsugar phenotype. These IPMS3 alleles are polymorphic in 14 S. pennellii accessions spread throughout the geographical range of occurrence for this species and are associated with acylsugars containing varying amounts of 2-methylpropanoic acid and 3-methylbutanoic acid acyl chains.

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Polar epicuticular lipids of Lycopersicon pennellii

Cited by 77 publications

References 10 publications

Transcriptomic and Reverse Genetic Analysesof Branched-Chain Fatty Acid and Acyl Sugar Production inSolanum pennelliiandNicotiana benthamiana

Transcriptomic and Reverse Genetic Analysesof Branched-Chain Fatty Acid and Acyl Sugar Production inSolanum pennelliiandNicotiana benthamiana

Herança de acilaçúcares em genótipos de tomateiro provenientes de cruzamento interespecífico

A feedback insensitive isopropylmalate synthase affects acylsugar composition in cultivated and wild tomato

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