Polarized Light Microscopy

Carlton, Robert A.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-8831-7_2

Cited by 28 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Polarising optical microscopy was used to identify phases across the concentration gradient based on optical signatures. 35 The microscope stage was heated from room temperature to 353 K to examine phase changes with temperature.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of protic ionic liquid nanostructure on phospholipid vesicle formation

et al. 2017

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The formation of bilayer-based lyotropic liquid crystals and vesicle dispersions by phospholipids in a range of protic ionic liquids has been investigated by polarizing optical microscopy using isothermal penetration scans, differential scanning calorimetry, and small angle X-ray and neutron scattering. The stability and structure of both lamellar phases and vesicle dispersions is found to depend primarily on the underlying amphiphilic nanostructure of the ionic liquid itself. This finding has significant implications for the use of ionic liquids in soft and biological materials and for biopreservation, and demonstrates how vesicle structure and properties can be controlled through selection of cation and anion. For a given ionic liquid, systematic trends in bilayer thickness, chain-melting temperature and enthalpy increase with phospholipid acyl chain length, paralleling behaviour in aqueous systems.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of protic ionic liquid nanostructure on phospholipid vesicle formation

et al. 2017

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“…A detailed review of the principles surrounding PLM is outside the scope of this work but can be found in the literature, for example T€ or€ ok et al (1998), Murphy (2002), Chayen (1983) and Carlton (2011). In brief, a birefringent material, such as collagen, changes the polarisation state of light, which results in a degree of altered light intensity that depends on the angle between the sample and the filters.…”

Section: Polarised Light Microscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantification of the regional bioarchitecture in the human aorta

et al. 2019

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Regional variance in human aortic bioarchitecture responsible for the elasticity of the vessel is poorly understood. The current study quantifies the elements responsible for aortic compliance, namely, elastin, collagen and smooth muscle cells, using histological and stereological techniques on human tissue with a focus on regional heterogeneity. Using donated cadaveric tissue, a series of samples were excised between the proximal ascending aorta and the distal abdominal aorta, for five cadavers, each of which underwent various staining procedures to enhance specific constituents of the wall. Using polarised light microscopy techniques, the orientation of collagen fibres was studied for each location and each tunical layer of the aorta. Significant transmural and longitudinal heterogeneity in collagen fibre orientations were uncovered throughout the vessel. It is shown that a von Mises mixture model is required accurately to fit the complex collagen fibre distributions that exist along the aorta. Additionally, collagen and smooth muscle cell density was observed to increase with increasing distance from the heart, whereas elastin density decreased. Evidence clearly demonstrates that the aorta is a highly heterogeneous vessel which cannot be simplistically represented by a single compliance value. The quantification and fitting of the regional aortic bioarchitectural data, although not without its limitations, including mean cohort age of 77.6 years, facilitates the development of next‐generation finite element models that can potentially simulate the influence of regional aortic composition and microstructure on vessel biomechanics.

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“…The use of PLM as a tool for crystallography extends back at least 200 years. For many of those years, it was the prime tool for examining the crystal properties of minerals and inorganic chemicals, as well as organics [23]. The study revealed the samples are represented and described as the following:…”

Section: Diagnosis and Examination Of The Construction Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Early Basilica Church, El-Ashmonein Archaeological Site, Minia, Egypt: Geo-Environmental Analysis and Engineering Characterization of the Building Materials

Hemeda¹,

Fahmy²,

Moustafa³

et al. 2019

OJG

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El-Ashmonein is a significant archaeological site with different buildings from various eras. Between the villages of El-Idara and El-Ashmonein are there mains of Hermopolis, one of the ancient Egyptian metropolis capitals of the fifteenth century of Upper Egypt, called the hare. The buildings in this archaeological site are exposed to many causes of destruction and damage. The remaining structures and granite free standing columns in this area are suffered from plenty of geo-environmental and geotechnical problems. The main objectives of this study are 1) to assess the current state of preservation of this important archaeological site, especially the basilica church with its free standing huge columns, 2) to analyze the different actions which cause the destruction of the archaeological site, in particular the old flash floods and earthquakes, and 3) to identify the geochemical and engineering properties of the construction materials of the granitic columns and other limestone structures of the basilica church by using different kind of sophisticated analytical and diagnostic tools and methods. The multi-criteria analysis allowed the integration of several elements for mapping the vulnerable zones. Results revealed that about 80% of the study area was exposed to high and medium old floods vulnerability because of the vicinity to the Nile River. The structural and non-structural measures recommended in this research will help the decision makers and planners to effectively develop strategies for future site management, intervention retrofitting and rehabilitation of this unique archaeological site.

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Polarized Light Microscopy

Cited by 28 publications

References 5 publications

Effect of protic ionic liquid nanostructure on phospholipid vesicle formation

Effect of protic ionic liquid nanostructure on phospholipid vesicle formation

Quantification of the regional bioarchitecture in the human aorta

The Early Basilica Church, El-Ashmonein Archaeological Site, Minia, Egypt: Geo-Environmental Analysis and Engineering Characterization of the Building Materials

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