Politics of on‐demand food delivery: Policy design and the power of algorithms

Chou, Meng‐Hsuan; Gomes, Catherine

doi:10.1111/ropr.12543

Cited by 4 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…My work complements another paper in this special issue: Chou and Gomes (in press) explore how AI‐powered algorithms deployed by transnational digital platforms affect freelancers whose livelihoods depend on these platforms. The concrete negative effects of AI‐powered algorithms that are described in that paper make it abundantly clear how important it is to have global AI standards that uphold crucial ethical values such as fairness, transparency, and privacy (see also Taeihagh et al, 2021).…”

Section: Three Variables Explaining Emergent Patterns Of Competition ...mentioning

confidence: 81%

Competition and cooperation in artificial intelligence standard setting: Explaining emergent patterns

Ingersleben‐Seip

2023

Review of Policy Research

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Efforts to set standards for artificial intelligence (AI) reveal striking patterns: technical experts hailing from geopolitical rivals, such as the United States and China, readily collaborate on technical AI standards within transnational standard‐setting organizations, whereas governments are much less willing to collaborate on global ethical AI standards within international organizations. Whether competition or cooperation prevails can be explained by three variables: the actors that make up the membership of the standard‐setting organization, the issues on which the organization's standard‐setting efforts focus, and the “games” actors play when trying to set standards within a particular type of organization. A preliminary empirical analysis provides support for the contention that actors, issues, and games affect the prospects for cooperation on global AI standards. It matters because shared standards are vital for achieving truly global frameworks for the governance of AI. Such global frameworks, in turn, lower transaction costs and the probability that the world will witness the emergence of AI systems that threaten human rights and fundamental freedoms.

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Section: Three Variables Explaining Emergent Patterns Of Competition ...mentioning

confidence: 81%

Competition and cooperation in artificial intelligence standard setting: Explaining emergent patterns

Ingersleben‐Seip

2023

Review of Policy Research

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“…Several contributions in this special issue reveal that new AI policies and applications do not necessarily lead to major changes but rather demonstrate considerable continuity and path dependence (Mahoney & Thelen, 2010) of policy ideas, institutional responses and established power relations (Chou & Gomes, 2023;Kim, 2023;Schiff, 2023;Ulnicane & Aden, 2023). It is remarkable that novelty and uncertainty of AI often goes hand in hand with strong conformity in AI policies, where past experiences but also problems are being reproduced (Erkkilä, 2023;Rönnblom et al, 2023).…”

Section: Question 4: In a Fast-developing Area Of Ai Policy And Polit...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Contributions in this special issue focus on politics and policy at different levels including local (Giest & Samuels, 2023), local and national (Chou & Gomes, 2023), national (Kim, 2023;Rönnblom et al, 2023;Schiff, 2023), regional (af Malmborg, 2023, global (Erkkilä, 2023;von Ingersleben-Seip, 2023) and a mix of different levels (Ulnicane & Aden, 2023). They illustrate complex relationships between unique local and national contexts and overarching regional and global developments.…”

Section: Local National Regional and Global Dynamicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They illustrate complex relationships between unique local and national contexts and overarching regional and global developments. While digital platforms are globally known for their exploitative working conditions, Chou and Gomes (2023) demonstrate that policies on who can be food couriers in two Asia-Pacific cities Singapore and Melbourne differ considerably, whereas they must be citizens and permanent residents in the former and are often international students in the latter. Kim (2023) demonstrates how common discourses in Korean and French national AI strategies have unfolded differently in diverse national contexts.…”

Section: Local National Regional and Global Dynamicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These activities led to this special issue that includes nine articles that approach the topic of politics and policy of AI in an interdisciplinary manner (See Table 1). In addition to political science and policy research, contributions also draw on Science and Technology Studies (Kim, 2023;Ulnicane & Aden, 2023), migration and international education research (Chou & Gomes, 2023), technology policy studies (Schiff, 2023;Ulnicane & Aden, 2023), anthropology (Giest & Samuels, 2023) and organizational research (af Malmborg, 2023;Erkkilä, 2023).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Politics and policy of Artificial Intelligence

Ulnicane,

Erkkilä

2023

Review of Policy Research

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While recent discussions about Artificial Intelligence (AI) as one of the most powerful technologies of our times tend to portray it as a predominantly technical issue, it also has major social, political and cultural implications. So far these have been mostly studied from ethical, legal and economic perspectives, while politics and policy have received less attention. To address this gap, this special issue brings together nine research articles to advance the studies of politics and policy of AI by identifying emerging themes and setting out future research agenda. Diverse but complementary contributions in this special issue speak to five overarching themes: understanding the AI as co‐shaped by technology and politics; highlighting the role of ideas in AI politics and policy; examining the distribution of power; interrogating the relationship between novel technology and continuity in politics and policy; and exploring interactions among developments at local, national, regional and global levels. This special issue demonstrates that AI policy is not an apolitical field that can be dealt with just by relying on knowledge and expertise but requires an open debate among alternative views, ideas, values and interests.

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The wellbeing turn: A necessary consideration in international student mobility

Gomes

2024

Population Space and Place

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The COVID‐19 pandemic directly impacted current and aspiring international students who were confronted not only with a global health crisis but one which put a stop to any kind of international and local mobilities. While the pandemic in Australia exposed the vulnerabilities of international students–the likes of which have never been seen before–these experiences which directly impact student wellbeing essentially also have consequences on international student mobility (ISM) scholarship. This is because ISM scholarship has traditionally been driven by migration and mobility studies frameworks of economic and social mobility and security through international Global South‐to‐Global South migrations. This paper argues that the pandemic has impacted on individual ISM decision‐making where international student wellbeing should be recognised as a driver in ISM scholarship. To find out how the COVID‐19 global health crisis is bringing about a new paradigm in which to conceptualise and theorise ISM, this paper relies on data gathered before and during the pandemic. These include research reports, Australia's international education national strategies, Australian international student recruitment marketing material, mainstream media articles and a range of research projects I have conducted on international students in Australia. This paper thus suggests that the COVID‐19 global health crisis and its impact on not only the international student lived experience but on student expectations and aspirations, have fundamentally changed. Here this paper observes that a ‘wellbeing turn’ has existed in Australia in the international education space and proposes that ISM scholarship needs to consider the ‘wellbeing turn’ as a necessary consideration in ISM research.

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Politics of on‐demand food delivery: Policy design and the power of algorithms

Cited by 4 publications

References 54 publications

Competition and cooperation in artificial intelligence standard setting: Explaining emergent patterns

Competition and cooperation in artificial intelligence standard setting: Explaining emergent patterns

Politics and policy of Artificial Intelligence

The wellbeing turn: A necessary consideration in international student mobility

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