Pollination dynamics, grain weight and grain cell number within the inflorescence and spikelet in oat and wheat

Rajala, Ari; Peltonen‐Sainio, Pirjo

doi:10.4236/as.2011.23037

Cited by 13 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Our Oat Phenological Model 1 predicted that the heading/ flowering period (GS55-GS69) will last for 15 days with a mean daily air temperature of 16°C. This is in accordance with findings by Rajala and Peltonen-Sainio (2011) who reported the pollination period (GS61-GS69) in oats lasted for ten to eleven days.…”

Section: Oat Phenology Modelsupporting

confidence: 82%

“…The development of spikelets in oat proceeds from the uppermost terminal spikelet downwards to the base of the panicle, resulting in a longer pollination period compared to wheat (Rajala and Peltonen-Sainio 2011). Our Oat Phenological Model 1 predicted that the heading/ flowering period (GS55-GS69) will last for 15 days with a mean daily air temperature of 16°C.…”

Section: Oat Phenology Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The base temperature used in the degree-day accumulation, is the threshold temperature were plant development stops. A base air temperature equal to 0°C and 5°C (Rajala and Peltonen-Sainio 2011;Olesen et al 2012) are both commonly used for calculations of phenological development in oats. Moisture was not included in our final model, and has previously been shown to be unimportant to the phenological development of spring wheat (Davidson and Campbell 1983).…”

Section: Oat Phenology Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The proposed models were based on air temperature, soil temperature, precipitation, photoperiodic time and day length, which are easily available variables assumed to be of importance for plant development (Davidson and Campbell 1983;Shaykewich 1995;Saarikko and Carter 1996;Wang and Engel 1998;Sonego et al 2000;McMaster et al 2008;Rajala and Peltonen-Sainio 2011;Olesen et al 2012;Siebert and Ewert 2012). The Gompertz growth function (Batschelet 1976), which is a sigmoid function with asymmetrical growth (Eq.…”

Section: The Oat Phenology Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For oat, the relationship is not well explored, except for the study by Lindblad et al (2011), who stated that very little of the variation in DON could be explained by weather conditions. Morphological and developmental differences between cereal species, such as a longer flowering period for oat (Rajala and Peltonen-Sainio 2011) compared to wheat, may result in differences in the associations between weather and DON accumulation for the different cereal species. Developing prediction models for DON accumulation in oat grains might be more challenging than in wheat, among other things due to the longer flowering period.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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DON content in oat grains in Norway related to weather conditions at different growth stages

et al. 2016

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High concentrations of the mycotoxin deoxynivalenol (DON), produced by Fusarium graminearum have occurred frequently in Norwegian oats recently. Early prediction of DON levels is important for farmers, authorities and the Cereal Industry. In this study, the main weather factors influencing mycotoxin accumulation were identified and two models to predict the risk of DON in oat grains in Norway were developed: (1) as a warning system for farmers to decide if and when to treat with fungicide, and (2) for authorities and industry to use at harvest to identify potential food safety problems. Oat grain samples from farmers' fields were collected together with weather data (2004)(2005)(2006)(2007)(2008)(2009)(2010)(2011)(2012)(2013).A mathematical model was developed and used to estimate phenology windows of growth stages in oats (tillering, flowering etc.). Weather summarisations were then calculated within these windows, and the Spearman rank correlation factor calculated between DONcontamination in oats at harvest and the weather summarisations for each phenological window. DON contamination was most clearly associated with the weather conditions around flowering and close to harvest. Warm, rainy and humid weather during and around flowering increased the risk of DON accumulation in oats, as did dry periods during germination/seedling growth and tillering. Prior to harvest, warm and humid weather conditions followed by cool and dry conditions were associated with a decreased risk of DON accumulation. A prediction model, including only pre-flowering weather conditions, adequately forecasted risk of DON contamination in oat, and can aid in decisions about fungicide treatments.

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Section: Oat Phenology Modelsupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Oat Phenology Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Oat Phenology Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Oat Phenology Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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DON content in oat grains in Norway related to weather conditions at different growth stages

et al. 2016

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Divergent response of hay and grain yield of oat: effects of environmental factors and sowing rate

Liu

Mao

et al. 2022

J Sci Food Agric

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BACKGROUND Oat (Avena sativa L.) is recognized for its impressive productivity in marginal environments, and the sowing rate is an important crop management practice that potentially enhances oat productivity. Previous studies have reported the effect of sowing rate on oat yield; however, the results from such studies are inconsistent. Thus, based on 43 studies across eight countries, this study aimed to assess changes in hay and grain yields in response to sowing rate and, in combination with a boosted regression tree, to evaluate and rank the dominant factors (e.g. climate conditions, soil conditions, and sowing rate) affecting changes in hay and grain yields of oat. RESULTS The results revealed that increasing the sowing rate significantly increased the response ratio of grain yields and hay yields by averages of 7.3% and 7.9% respectively. However, the response ratios of grain yields and hay yields in response to changes in sowing rate were affected by different factors. Climate condition and mean annual precipitation primarily affected the response ratios of hay yields, whereas the sowing rate dominated changes in the response ratios of grain yields, with the response ratios of grain yields peaking at a sowing rate of 85 kg ha−1. CONCLUSION Optimizing the sowing rate with site‐specific environmental conditions could be a potential strategy for profitable oat production, given that oat can be produced under marginal environments (e.g. cool–wet climates and soil with low fertility). © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.

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Contrasting responses of T-2, HT-2 and DON mycotoxins and Fusarium species in oat to climate, weather, tillage and cereal intensity

et al. 2019

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Analysis of survey data from 804 spring-oat fields divided into five climatic regions suggested that low inoculum level of Fusarium langsethiae was a major limiter of T-2 + HT-2. A 30-year climate with a cool and rainy 10-day period preceding estimated mid-anthesis and a warm 3-week period following anthesis were positively associated with T-2 + HT-2 contamination. In 12 survey years, warm weather from 4 weeks before GS65 until harvesting increased T-2 + HT-2, except in the 1-2 weeks preceding mid-anthesis, when the requirement for high humidity dominated. F. langsethiae and F. sporotrichioides were consistently promoted by high temperature from mid-anthesis onwards. A positive response of T-2 + HT-2 to high humidity peaked 5-10 days earlier and was shorter and weaker than the responses of DON and F. graminearum. The probability of high concentration and regional mean concentration of T-2 + HT-2 tended to be lower under ploughing than under nonploughing, and they tended to increase with increasing cereal intensity. T-2 + HT-2 was positively associated with zero tillage when compared with minimum tillage. The responses of F. langsethiae and F. sporotrichioides to ploughing and cereal intensity varied by region. In contrast to T-2 + HT-2, DON was the same or higher under ploughing than under non-ploughing, not consistently affected by cereal intensity and not associated with zero tillage. F. graminearum was consistently more common under ploughing than under non-ploughing, and decreased with increasing cereal intensity in four regions. Also, F. culmorum and F. poae tended to be more common under ploughing. F. culmorum increased with cereal intensity in three regions.

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Pollination dynamics, grain weight and grain cell number within the inflorescence and spikelet in oat and wheat

Cited by 13 publications

References 42 publications

DON content in oat grains in Norway related to weather conditions at different growth stages

DON content in oat grains in Norway related to weather conditions at different growth stages

Divergent response of hay and grain yield of oat: effects of environmental factors and sowing rate

Contrasting responses of T-2, HT-2 and DON mycotoxins and Fusarium species in oat to climate, weather, tillage and cereal intensity

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