Pollutants Characterization and Toxicity Assessment of Pulp and Paper Industry Sludge for Safe Environmental Disposal

Sharma, Pooja; Singh, Surendra

doi:10.1007/978-981-16-2015-7_10

Cited by 14 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 64 publications

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“…In recent years, researchers and ecologists have shown an increased interest in wastewater treatment, especially in industrial activities that release pollutants such as metals and organic compounds [1,2]. The presence of these toxic contaminants from industrial discharge in water can reduce crop yield and plant growth, and can also be harmful to aquatic organisms [3,4]. Oil refineries require large quantities of water.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential of Canna indica in Vertical Flow Constructed Wetlands for Heavy Metals and Nitrogen Removal from Algiers Refinery Wastewater

et al. 2022

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Constructed wetlands (CWs) are important plant filters used for wastewater treatment. The behavior of the Canna indica-planted CWs in the face of a highly variable composition of industrial wastewater has yet to be understood. Here, we show the effectiveness of Canna indica-planted and unplanted vertical subsurface flow CWs for the treatment of Algiers petroleum refinery’s effluent. The selected species was placed in the CWs containing light expanded clay aggregate (LECA) and sand as a substrate. The findings indicate that the planted constructed wetlands efficiently removed 85% of total suspended solids (TSS), 96.38% of total nitrogen (TN), 96.15% of nitrate nitrogen (NO3−-N), 99.15% of ammonium nitrogen (NH4+-N), and 99.87% of nitrite nitrogen (NO2−-N). The overall mean removal efficiencies for heavy metals in the vegetated CWs were considerably greater than those of the control. Concentrations of Cr, Cu, Fe, Pb, Zn, Al, Ni, and Cd were calculated in the roots, rhizomes, leaves, and stems of the plant; then, the bioaccumulation factor (BAF) and translocation factor (TF) were determined. An initial examination using scanning electron microscopy (SEM–EDX) was also included in the study. The analysis indicated that toxic elements were adsorbed on plant tissues, concentrated in the roots, and partially transported to the aerial parts. These results are useful for the design of CWs to treat industrial wastewater, enabling water of acceptable quality to be discharged into the environment, especially as a low maintenance and cost-effective technology in developing countries.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential of Canna indica in Vertical Flow Constructed Wetlands for Heavy Metals and Nitrogen Removal from Algiers Refinery Wastewater

et al. 2022

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Degradation and decolourization potential of ligninolytic enzyme producing Bacillus paramycoides BL2 and Micrococcus luteus BL3 for pulp paper industrial effluent and its toxicity evaluation

et al. 2022

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Assessment of solar drying of Brazilian pulp mill primary sludge

Gonçalves,

Mendoza-Martinez,

Salcedo-Puerto

et al. 2024

J Mater Cycles Waste Manag

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Pulp mill sludge is a challenging by-product in wastewater treatment plants (WWTP), due to high moisture content, and poor dewatering characteristics. Solar drying was identified as an appropriate pre-treatment to reduce sludge moisture and enhance its energy efficiency for combustion purposes. Brazil is the world’s second-largest pulp producer, and its high intensity of annual solar irradiation makes it a prime candidate for the application of solar sludge drying technology. This study evaluates the main characteristics of primary sludge (PS) from pulp mills at 65% and 95% moisture content. An active passive solar dryer, followed by ASPEN Plus software simulation was used to evaluate drying properties and combustion potential. CO2 emission impact was explored, and the environmental effects of primary sludge combustion after solar drying were estimated. As indicated by the findings, the sludge commenced with a solids concentration of 21%, eventually reaching 95.5%, thereby enhancing its suitability for combustion. From the simulation, a heat rate expenditure in sludge combustion reported 24672 kW and 16295 kW for a solids content of 65% and 95%, respectively. Therefore, employing solar drying before the sludge incineration is crucial for minimizing energy consumption during combustion. Additionally, solar energy being cost-free, offers an opportunity to alleviate environmental harm.

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Pollutants Characterization and Toxicity Assessment of Pulp and Paper Industry Sludge for Safe Environmental Disposal

Cited by 14 publications

References 64 publications

Potential of Canna indica in Vertical Flow Constructed Wetlands for Heavy Metals and Nitrogen Removal from Algiers Refinery Wastewater

Potential of Canna indica in Vertical Flow Constructed Wetlands for Heavy Metals and Nitrogen Removal from Algiers Refinery Wastewater

Degradation and decolourization potential of ligninolytic enzyme producing Bacillus paramycoides BL2 and Micrococcus luteus BL3 for pulp paper industrial effluent and its toxicity evaluation

Assessment of solar drying of Brazilian pulp mill primary sludge

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