Poly-L-Lactic Acid for Arms

Coimbra, Daniel Dal’Asta; Stefanello, Betina

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-78265-2_74

Cited by 2 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Studies are now evaluating the possibility of constructing infrastructure (e.g. substations) to enable direct connection between the hydropower plants and the Amapá State electricity system (Coimbra, 2020). Such a direct link could enable simultaneous statelevel controls on energy generation and the development of environmental flow regulation that is more appropriate to the state and regional conditions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Amazonian run‐of‐river dam reservoir impacts underestimated: Evidence from a before–after control–impact study of freshwater turtle nesting areas

Bárcenas-García

Michalski

Gibbs

et al. 2022

Aquatic Conservation

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Hydropower dams are associated with adverse impacts on biodiversity, yet there remains a lack of robust scientific evidence documenting the magnitude of these impacts, particularly across highly biodiverse tropical waterways. Aquatic and semi‐aquatic vertebrates are disproportionately affected by human changes to aquatic environments and hydropower expansion is an increasing threat to the Endangered yellow‐spotted river turtle (Podocnemis unifilis) across its tropical South American range. Yellow‐spotted river turtle nesting areas were monitored as an indicator of dry season river level changes following run‐of‐river dam reservoir filling. A before–after control–impact (BACI) study design was used with multi‐year field campaigns monitoring turtle nesting areas upstream of the dam. The cause and extent of changes in nesting areas were established using generalized additive models. Nesting area density was evaluated in relation to time (before vs. after), treatment (control vs. impact), time–treatment interaction (BACI), distance to the dam and precipitation. The extent of changes was examined by comparing the remaining proportion of nesting areas after reservoir filling. Dam construction generated an immediate and apparently permanent dry season river‐level rise that extended more than 20 km beyond impact assessment limits. On average the density of nesting areas declined by 69% (from 0.48 to 0.15 per km) across 33 km of river directly affected by the dam. This loss was reflected in a significant BACI interaction. Nesting area density was not explained by seasonal precipitation. Monitoring of freshwater turtle nesting areas provided an effective means to quantify hydropower dam impacts across biodiverse yet rapidly changing waterways. The adverse impacts documented in this study should be preventable by mitigation actions including habitat creation and dry season flow regulation. Such measures are also likely to benefit multiple sandbar‐nesting species (including turtles, crocodiles and birds) in tropical rivers increasingly influenced by run‐of‐river dams.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Amazonian run‐of‐river dam reservoir impacts underestimated: Evidence from a before–after control–impact study of freshwater turtle nesting areas

Bárcenas-García

Michalski

Gibbs

et al. 2022

Aquatic Conservation

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“…108 , 109 Injectable biostimulatory fillers are of potential value to treat this area for their ability to stimulate dermal remodeling while increasing skin tightening such as CaHA 10 , 12 , 103 , 104 , 110 and PLLA. 26 , 27 , 111 , 112 …”

Section: Plla and Limbsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A method of PLLA injection for the arms has been described in detail. 112 The volume injected has increased in parallel with experience in using the product from 5 mL in 2012 111 to 8 mL and more in 2020 per arm per session ( Table 4 ). 26 , 94 , 112 The injection technique commonly used is the linear threading technique.…”

Section: Plla and Limbsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 112 The volume injected has increased in parallel with experience in using the product from 5 mL in 2012 111 to 8 mL and more in 2020 per arm per session ( Table 4 ). 26 , 94 , 112 The injection technique commonly used is the linear threading technique. 26 , 111 , 112 Subcutaneous injection can be performed with a 25G, 2.5-inch cannula, 26 a 26G½ needle or 22G cannula.…”

Section: Plla and Limbsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…26 , 94 , 112 The injection technique commonly used is the linear threading technique. 26 , 111 , 112 Subcutaneous injection can be performed with a 25G, 2.5-inch cannula, 26 a 26G½ needle or 22G cannula. 94 An average of 2 to 3 sessions is recommended, 4 to 8-weeks apart.…”

Section: Plla and Limbsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Collagen Stimulators in Body Applications: A Review Focused on Poly-L-Lactic Acid (PLLA)

Christen¹

2022

CCID

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The number of aesthetic procedures performed worldwide continues to grow together with an increase in the population seeking the restoration or preservation of a youthful appearance. Requests for non-surgical body rejuvenation are increasing. Patients are looking for safe and effective minimally invasive aesthetic procedures. Soft-tissue dermal fillers can meet these expectations. Based on the beneficial outcomes of these treatments in many facial areas, a new trend is developing to target body areas. Different dermal fillers are available and include collagen stimulators initially developed to restore facial volume. Furthermore, they are associated with long-lasting efficiency, a high level of patient satisfaction and a good safety profile, with mainly minor adverse events reported. In appropriate conditions of use, they are now used for body rejuvenation in clinical practice. Their use is expanding and allows addressing various issues including volume loss, skin laxity, cellulite, striae distensae and wrinkles. This review focuses on poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA), used in the first collagen stimulator and one of the most investigated in facial and in off-facial body applications. The available published data, although still limited, are presented by body area, neck and chest, buttocks, abdomen, upper arms, thighs, knees, and hands. Key features of the concerned zones and the main clinical signs affecting the body part as well as the injection modalities are provided along with the aesthetic results. This represents the state of the art on which to base further developments necessary for optimal and safe outcomes of treatment with the PLLA-based collagen stimulators and others in this class for body rejuvenation.

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Poly-L-Lactic Acid for Arms

Cited by 2 publications

References 18 publications

Amazonian run‐of‐river dam reservoir impacts underestimated: Evidence from a before–after control–impact study of freshwater turtle nesting areas

Amazonian run‐of‐river dam reservoir impacts underestimated: Evidence from a before–after control–impact study of freshwater turtle nesting areas

Collagen Stimulators in Body Applications: A Review Focused on Poly-L-Lactic Acid (PLLA)

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