Poly(urethane urea)/polythiophene/carbon black composite

Abstract

Novel segmented poly(urethane urea) (PUU) was prepared from polycaprolactone triol (soft segment), 4,4′-methylenebis(phenyl isocyanate) (hard segment), and hexamethylenediamine (chain extender). Graphitized carbon black (GCB) was used as filler. Conducting polythiophene (PTh) was infiltrated by chemical oxidative polymerization. The structure, morphology, mechanical properties, electrical conductivity, and voltage-triggered shape memory effect were demonstrated. The unique network morphology was observed by scanning electron microscope due to the generation of interpenetrating polymer networks (IPNs). The formation of PUU-PTh IPNs was due to the interpenetrating PTh and branched polycaprolactone triol structure. The PTh-modified PUU films reinforced with GCB showed 59% increase in tensile strength and 50% enhancement in Young’s modulus relative to the pristine matrix. The presence of PTh and increase in GCB content increased the conductivity of the composites. The conductivity of 10 wt% GCB-loaded PUU/PTh/GCB composite was raised to 0.089 Scm−1, which is higher than the neat PUU (0.91 × 10−2 Scm−1). The surface temperature of PUU/PTh/GCB 10 was also found to increase with time when a higher voltage was applied (40 V). Such a conductivity of composites was enough to show electroactive shape recovery up to 94% (40 V).

Polyurethane/Epoxy Interpenetrating Polymer Network

“…For example, polyurethane/polyaniline (PU/PANI) blend has been studied with enhanced electrical properties [16]. The effect of moisture on glass transition temperature (T g ) of polyurethane has also been studied [17].…”

Influence of Silver Oxide Nanoparticles in the Enhancement of Electrochemical Properties of Binary Polymer Nanocomposite PTh-nAg2O

“…The spectra were recorded between 4000 cm − 1 and 400 cm − 1 in wavelength. Figure 1a shows the FTIR spectrum of the polymer, which has characteristic absorption peaks at 3448, 1635, 1404, 1335, 1173, 1119, 1034, 679, and 486 cm − 1 corresponding to the O-H stretching vibration, C = C asymmetric stretching vibration, C = C symmetric stretching vibration, C-N stretching vibration, C-H in-plane deformation, C-H bending vibration, C-H inplane bending vibration, C-S stretching vibration, and C-S-C ring deformation, respectively [22,23]. Figure 1b shows all the characteristic peaks of polymers with some slight spectral intensity changes in the binary polymer nanocomposite (PTh-nAg 2 O) FTIR spectrum, in which the peaks of PTh at wave numbers 1404, 1335, 1173, 679, and 486 cm − 1 were shifted to 1427,1366, 1196, 694, 478 cm − 1 , respectively [24][25][26].…”

An investigation on laser-triggered shape memory behaviors of hydro-epoxy/carbon black composites

“…Afterwards, their team [20] added TWNT to RGO/HBPU composites, and the modulus increased 49.4% than the pure HBPU film. Kausar [21] developed PTh-modified PUU films reinforced with GCB that showed 59% increase in tensile strength and 50% enhancement in Young's modulus relative to the pristine matrix.…”