Poly(vinyl chloride) films plasticized with novel poly‐nadic‐anhydride polyester plasticizers

Abstract

In this work, several novel poly-nadic-anhydride polyester plasticizers were developed to be used in poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) film fabrication for the first time. Mechanical properties of the films, the compatibility of plasticizers in PVC resin, as well as testing of migration of the plasticizers, were performed in order to evaluate the efficiency of plasticization. Scanning electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and differential scanning calorimetry were used to characterize the unplasticized and plasticized polymer. The results demonstrated that the as-prepared poly-nadic-anhydride plasticized PVC film significantly improved the plasticization efficiency of PVC film based on the increase in the break in elongation of the films. According to scanning electron microscopy analysis, the poly-nadic-anhydride polyester plasticizers presented good compatibility with PVC resin. In volatility and extraction tests, PVC films plasticized with the poly-nadic-anhydrides showed enhanced migration resistance. The plasticizing effects induced by the poly-nadic-anhydride polyester plasticizers were also confirmed by a glass transition temperature shift toward lower temperatures in the plasticized films. J.

Towards Sustainable Museum Conservation Practices: A Study on the Surface Cleaning of Contemporary Art and Design Objects with the Use of Biodegradable Agents

“…When such areas were examined with SEM, a wrinkled pattern was detected (Figure 3b). A similar wrinkled pattern has been observed in plasticized PVC surface in the literature [65]. Respectively, in AFM, the areas of dense plasticizer presence were characterized by dispersed distinct particles protruding from the surface.…”

Recent Attempts in the Design of Efficient PVC Plasticizers with Reduced Migration

“…In 2017, Miao et al [ 26 ] introduced poly(nadic anhydride) polyesters as a new plasticizer in PVC films to substitute DEHP. A series of potential plasticizers was synthesized from nadic anhydride and different polyols: 2-methyl-1,3-propanediol (P-MPO-NA), 1,4-butanediol (P-BDO-NA) and diethylene glycol (P-DEG-NA).…”

“…Moreover, the changes in spectral features of the plasticizer molecule can be followed to evaluate its interactions with PVC. For instance, for an ester type plasticizers, signals connected to the C-O-C and carbonyl group stretching vibrations shift to the lower wavenumber because of an increase in an electron density of ester group and dipole–dipole interaction between hydrogen atoms at the α position of PVC and plasticizer’s carbonyl group [ 20 , 22 , 26 ].…”

Biobased Plasticizers from Glycerol/Adipic Acid Hyperbranched Poly(ester)s

“…Direct exposure to phthalates (DEHP and others) may occur from contact with medical implements and equipment, infant’s toys, and household items. − Indirect exposure from house dust or packaged food is commonly encountered. ,− Alternatively, phthalates may enter the food chain via plants grown on contaminated soil. , Numerous diseases have been attributed to exposure to phthalates. Many of these arise from endocrine disruption. ,− In response to health problems associated with phthalate exposure, the use of these plasticizers is being limited by regulation and public perception. , Consequently, attempts to identify suitable methods to avoid the use of phthalates are increasingly being pursued. − The development of plasticizers from renewable biosources is particularly attractive. − The materials required for the generation of bioplasticizers are renewable annually, are generally nontoxic, and are independent of fluctuations in petrochemical markets. The use of hyperbranched poly­(ester)­s as a platform for the preparation of a new generation of plasticizers offers simultaneous effectiveness and low migration from a polymer matrix. − The unusual plasticizing properties of these materials largely arise from the presence of atomic-scale free-volume cavities. , Hyperbranched poly­(ester)­s derived from renewable biomonomers are particularly suitable.…”