Polyacrylonitrile Nanofiber-Based Quartz Crystal Microbalance for Sensitive Detection of Safrole

Rianjanu, Aditya; Roto, Roto; Julian, Trisna; Hidayat, Shidiq Nur; Kusumaatmaja, Ahmad; Suyono, Eko Agus; Triyana, Kuwat

doi:10.3390/s18041150

Cited by 35 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…In the commercially available samples of stout camphor, the content was 37.65–355.07 mg per g, whereas in small‐flower camphor the content was up to 642.98 mg per g. This result indicated a risk associated with exposure to carcinogenic safrole through commercial camphor oils . Very recently a polyacrylonitrile nanofibre‐based quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) sensor was fabricated by electrospinning for the selective and sensitive (4.6 Hz·L/mg) detection of safrole in MDMA ( 4 ) . It appears from the published data that the transportation of safrole through the food or beverage is probable, and might be a matter of health concern in certain cases.…”

Section: Dietary Exposure Of Safrole To Humans and Its Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Review on safrole: identity shift of the ‘candy shop’ aroma to a carcinogen and deforester

Kemprai

Mahanta

Sut

et al. 2019

Flavour & Fragrance J

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Safrole, a phenylpropene with a ‘candy shop’ aroma, is abundant in nature among diverse plant genera such as Sassafras, Ocotea, Cinnamomum, Myristica, and Piper. Sassafras oil has been used extensively for a long time, first by Native Americans and later by European settlers in traditional medicine and as a flavouring agent. Until 1960 the consumption of safrole by the western population, as a flavouring agent in beer, meat, and soft drinks, was unregulated. Later, the recognition of this phytochemical as a weak hepatocarcinogen with demonstrated genotoxicity in rodents led to strict restrictions on its use in food by various regulatory bodies globally. Moreover, in Asian countries oral carcinogenesis has been linked to safrole through the habit of chewing betel quid. As a separate issue, safrole is an inexpensive synthetic precursor to the illicit recreational drug Ecstasy. Accelerating demand for this party drug during the last few decades has encouraged the unscientific harvesting, illegal production, and trading of safrole‐rich oils, leading to massive deforestation. Recently, many government authorities have enforced laws to restrict the production and harvesting of safrole‐bearing plants. Thus, the identity of safrole has altered with time from a pleasant flavouring agent to a hepatocarcinogen, and more recently as a driver of the destruction of biodiversity. Law enforcement has not only hampered its availability but has also extensively affected industrial use. Our review describes the research progress (1960–2018) on its natural distribution, carcinogenicity, usage as a natural synthon, and the regulations imposed on safrole and safrole‐rich oils worldwide. Finally, we draw our readers’ attention to the sustainable use of this phytochemical for a better future.

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Section: Dietary Exposure Of Safrole To Humans and Its Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…162 (4). 164 It appears from the published data that the transportation of safrole through the food or beverage is probable, and might be a matter of health concern in certain cases.…”

Section: Chemis Try Of Safrolementioning

confidence: 99%

Review on safrole: identity shift of the ‘candy shop’ aroma to a carcinogen and deforester

Kemprai

Mahanta

Sut

et al. 2019

Flavour & Fragrance J

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“…Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanofibers were prepared by an electrospinning technique, using conditions similar to those of our previous study (Rianjanu et al 2018a). After the PAN nanofibers were successfully deposited on to the QCM surface, the nanofibers were modified with chitosan by a drop-casting method.…”

Section: Nanofiber Preparationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A gas sensor prepared by nanostructured materials has an increased sensitivity due to the larger specific surface areas of the materials (Jia et al 2017. We have reported earlier on a nanofiber-based QCM safrole sensor (Rianjanu et al 2018a). However, the sensitivity was not satisfactory.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Electrospun polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanofibers are mechanically stable, water-insoluble, and hydrophobic, which makes them good candidates for QCM sensing chip modification (Rianjanu et al 2018b(Rianjanu et al , 2018d. The development of PAN nanofiber as safrole sensor has been done previously (Rianjanu et al 2018a). Although the methods are easy to use and inexpensive, the sensitivity was insufficient.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An Enhanced Safrole Sensing Performance of a Polyacrylonitrile Nanofiber- Based-QCM Sensor by Overlaying with Chitosan

Rianjanu¹,

Triyana²,

Nurbaiti³

et al. 2019

JSM

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We report on a method to enhance the sensing performance of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanofiber-based QCM sensor overlaid with chitosan. The PAN nanofibers were deposited on the QCM sensing surface by electrospinning technique followed by overlay with chitosan by a drop-casting method. The Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra confirm that chitosan covers the PAN nanofibers. The SEM images show the average diameter of the produced PAN nanofibers was 236 nm, and it increased to 283 nm after overlay with chitosan. The modified QCM sensor has the sensitivity of 18.7 Hz mg -1 L, which is better than that of PAN nanofiber alone of 4.5 Hz mg -1 L. It is an increase nearly 5 times. The analytical parameters of the limit of detection (LOD), sensitivity, a time constant, and stability improved after the PAN nanofiber sensor was overlaid with chitosan. The amine groups present in chitosan interact effectively with safrole, thus increase the sensing response. The proposed device is robust, inexpensive, and convenient for detecting safrole, and can be used as an alternative to those of classical instrumental methods for the analysis of safrole as a drug precursor. ABSTRAK Kajian ini melaporkan tentang kaedah untuk meningkatkan prestasi pengesanan poliakrilonitril (PAN) berasaskan sensor gentian nano QCM yang disaluti dengan kitosan. PAN nanofiber diendap pada permukaan pengesan QCM oleh teknik putaran elektro diikuti dengan salutan kitosan melalui kaedah drop-pemutus. Spektrum transformasi Fourier inframerah (FTIR) mengesahkan kitosan menutup gentian nano PAN. Imej SEM menunjukkan diameter purata gentian nano PAN yang dihasilkan adalah 236 nm dan ia meningkat kepada 283 nm selepas bertindih dengan kitosan. Sensor QCM terubah suai mempunyai kesensitifan 18.7 L mg -1 Hz, lebih baik daripada gentian nano PAN sahaja iaitu 4.5 Hz mg -1 L. Ini merupakan peningkatan hampir 5 kali ganda. Analisis parameter had pengesanan (LOD), kesensitifan, pemalar masa dan kestabilan bertambah baik selepas sensor gentian nano PAN disaluti dengan kitosan. Golongan amina yang hadir dalam kitosan berinteraksi secara berkesan dengan safrola, sekaligus meningkatkan respons pengesanan. Peranti cadangan ini teguh, murah dan mudah untuk mengesan safrola dan boleh digunakan sebagai alternatif kepada metod instrumen klasik untuk menganalisis safrola sebagai pelopor dadah.

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Electrospun Nanofibers: Materials, Synthesis Parameters, and Their Role in Sensing Applications

Kailasa

Reddy

Maurya

et al. 2021

Macro Materials & Eng

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Since the last decade, electrospinning is garnering more attention in the scientific research community, industries, applications like sensing (glucose, H 2 O 2 , dopamine, ascorbic acid, uric acid, neurotransmitter, etc.), biomedical applications (wound dressing, wound healing, skin, nerve, bone tissue engineering, and drug delivery systems), water treatment, energy harvesting, and storage applications. This review paper provides a brief overview of the electrospinning method, history of the electrospinning, factors affecting the electrospun nanofibers, and their morphology with different materials and composites (metals, metal oxides, 2D material, polymers and copolymers, carbon-based materials, etc.) used in the electrospinning technique with optical spinning parameters. Moreover, this paper deliberates the application of electrospun nanofibers and fibrous mats for sensing (electrochemical, optical, fluorescence, colorimetric, mechanical, photoelectric, mass sensitive change, resistive, ultrasensitive, etc.) in most illustrative representations. In the end, the challenges, opportunities of the electrospun nanofibers, and new direction for future progress are also discussed.

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Polyacrylonitrile Nanofiber-Based Quartz Crystal Microbalance for Sensitive Detection of Safrole

Cited by 35 publications

References 30 publications

Review on safrole: identity shift of the ‘candy shop’ aroma to a carcinogen and deforester

Review on safrole: identity shift of the ‘candy shop’ aroma to a carcinogen and deforester

An Enhanced Safrole Sensing Performance of a Polyacrylonitrile Nanofiber- Based-QCM Sensor by Overlaying with Chitosan

Electrospun Nanofibers: Materials, Synthesis Parameters, and Their Role in Sensing Applications

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