Polyamidoamines (PAAs) functionalized with siloxanes as wood preservatives against fungi and insects

Abstract

A novel treatment based on polyamidoamines (PAAs) for the preservation of wood against fungi and insects with a broad protection functionality, low effective concentration, and low environmental impact has been developed. PAAs were synthesized by nucleophile addition of ethanolamine (EtA) and/or 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) to N,N′-methylene-bisacrylamide (MBA). The molar ratios in the tested formulation were: I) MBA:EtA=1:1; II) MBA:APTES=1:1; III) MBA:EtA:APTES=1:0.5:0.5. These formulations, characterized by ESI-MS, NMR, FT-IR, were tested against: (a) the wood decay fungi (Coniophora puteana, Coriolus versicolor, and Poria placenta); (b) the subterranean termite Reticulitermes lucifugus, and the drywood termite Kalotermes flavicollis; (c) the woodborer Stegobium paniceum. Tests in combination with leaching showed that formulation II and III can be utilized as fungal wood preservatives for use classes 2–3 (EN 335:2013). In addition, all PAAs formulations were equally effective in preserving wood against the subterranean termite, and formulation II was most effective against drywood termite. On the other hand, the formulation I showed good efficacy against S. paniceum

Efficiency assessment of hybrid coatings for natural building stones: Advanced and multi-scale laboratory investigation

“…The hybrid product PAASi is a patented wood protective material [42], modified for its application on stone substrates. The product was synthesized by the Michaeltype reaction, adding 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) to N-N 0 methylenebis acrylamide (MBA).…”

“…Among the new products synthesized for conservation of cultural heritage materials, hybrid formulations have recently been proposed for inorganic [28] and organic materials [29,30]. The term hybrid refers to a product usually developed by sol-gel processes [31] and characterized by both the robustness of an inorganic skeleton and the functional properties of an organic material [32].…”

“…To evaluate the possible use of these new products for cultural heritage conservation, and better understand how to tune hybrid formulations toward a better compatibility with highly porous and calcite-based stone substrates, in this study we tested a hybrid patented product (PAASi, [42]) and two commercially available hybrid products (a consolidant named AlSiX and a hydrophobic product named WS3) on a calcarenite substrate (named Sabucina Stone). The synthesis of consolidants was designed to overtake possible limitations of such products.…”

Resistance to Growth of Molds for Wood Modified with Hydrophobic Hybrid Silica Gel Containing Copper Amine Complexes

“…Copper fixation to the silica gel by complexation with the amine functions was further confirmed by solid 29 Si NMR, electron spin resonance (ESR), and Scanning electron microscope-Energy dispersive spectrometer (SEM-EDS) investigations [ 7 ]. Bergamonti et al prepared several polyamidoamines (PAAs), which showed a certain degree of protection against fungi and insects [ 8 ]. The PAAs could form a ligand/metal complex towards the Cu ion [ 9 ] and thus formulations of PAAs and copper applied on wood possessed improved biocidal activity even after a leaching procedure [ 10 ].…”