Polyamines and Cytokinin: Is Nitric Oxide Biosynthesis the Key to Overlapping Functions?

Wimalasekera, Rinukshi; Scherer, Günther F. E.

doi:10.1002/9783527629138.ch5

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 98 publications

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“…For instance, concentration and transport of trans-zeatin riboside decreased the ABA concentration, which drastically increased in drought stress [242,243]. Interestingly, some studies show that cytokinins and polyamines mutually regulate several physiological and biochemical processes in plants showing strong correlation between the levels of cytokinins and polyamines and act as inter and intracellular messenger regulating biotic and abiotic stresses [244,245]. However, it is still unclear how polyamines regulate cytokinin signaling in plants.…”

Section: Role Of Cytokinins In Regulation Of Osmolytes Under Abiotmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytohormones Regulate Accumulation of Osmolytes Under Abiotic Stress

et al. 2019

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Plants face a variety of abiotic stresses, which generate reactive oxygen species (ROS), and ultimately obstruct normal growth and development of plants. To prevent cellular damage caused by oxidative stress, plants accumulate certain compatible solutes known as osmolytes to safeguard the cellular machinery. The most common osmolytes that play crucial role in osmoregulation are proline, glycine-betaine, polyamines, and sugars. These compounds stabilize the osmotic differences between surroundings of cell and the cytosol. Besides, they also protect the plant cells from oxidative stress by inhibiting the production of harmful ROS like hydroxyl ions, superoxide ions, hydrogen peroxide, and other free radicals. The accumulation of osmolytes is further modulated by phytohormones like abscisic acid, brassinosteroids, cytokinins, ethylene, jasmonates, and salicylic acid. It is thus important to understand the mechanisms regulating the phytohormone-mediated accumulation of osmolytes in plants during abiotic stresses. In this review, we have discussed the underlying mechanisms of phytohormone-regulated osmolyte accumulation along with their various functions in plants under stress conditions.

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Section: Role Of Cytokinins In Regulation Of Osmolytes Under Abiotmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytohormones Regulate Accumulation of Osmolytes Under Abiotic Stress

et al. 2019

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“…Results suggest that by enhancing the other physiological process, also leads to accumulation of GB through a crosstalk mechanism ( Ahanger et al, 2020 ). Interestingly, several studies demonstrate that cytokinins and PAs govern various physiological and biochemical processes in plants, with a strong link between their levels, and operate as inter and intracellular messengers, regulating biotic and abiotic stresses ( Galston, 1983 ; Wimalasekera and Scherer, 2009 ). However, the mechanism by which cytokinins influence the accumulation of PAs in plants is still unknown.…”

Section: Phytohormone Signaling Mediates Osmoprotectants Biosynthesis...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Salt stress resilience in plants mediated through osmolyte accumulation and its crosstalk mechanism with phytohormones

et al. 2022

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Salinity stress is one of the significant abiotic stresses that influence critical metabolic processes in the plant. Salinity stress limits plant growth and development by adversely affecting various physiological and biochemical processes. Enhanced generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) induced via salinity stress subsequently alters macromolecules such as lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids, and thus constrains crop productivity. Due to which, a decreasing trend in cultivable land and a rising world population raises a question of global food security. In response to salt stress signals, plants adapt defensive mechanisms by orchestrating the synthesis, signaling, and regulation of various osmolytes and phytohormones. Under salinity stress, osmolytes have been investigated to stabilize the osmotic differences between the surrounding of cells and cytosol. They also help in the regulation of protein folding to facilitate protein functioning and stress signaling. Phytohormones play critical roles in eliciting a salinity stress adaptation response in plants. These responses enable the plants to acclimatize to adverse soil conditions. Phytohormones and osmolytes are helpful in minimizing salinity stress-related detrimental effects on plants. These phytohormones modulate the level of osmolytes through alteration in the gene expression pattern of key biosynthetic enzymes and antioxidative enzymes along with their role as signaling molecules. Thus, it becomes vital to understand the roles of these phytohormones on osmolyte accumulation and regulation to conclude the adaptive roles played by plants to avoid salinity stress.

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“…In a recent study, investigation of PA-induced NO biosynthesis in Arabidopsis seedlings paved the way to new insights into PA-mediated signaling and NO as a potential intermediate of PA actions (Tun et al, 2006). When considering the common functions of NO and PA in many stress responses, it can be speculated that NO may be a link between PA-mediated stress responses (Wimalasekera and Scherer, 2010). NO biosynthesis as a result of catabolism of PA by CuAO and PAO could be one hypothesis to explain many findings in PA-mediated stress responses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

COPPER AMINE OXIDASE1 (CuAO1) of Arabidopsis thaliana Contributes to Abscisic Acid-and Polyamine-Induced Nitric Oxide Biosynthesis and Abscisic Acid Signal Transduction

et al. 2011

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Polyamines (PA), polyamine oxidases, copper amine oxidases, and nitric oxide (NO) play important roles in physiology and stress responses in plants. NO biosynthesis as a result of catabolism of PA by polyamine oxidases and copper amine oxidases may explain in part PA-mediated responses. Involvement of a copper amine oxidase gene, COPPER AMINE OXIDASE1 (CuAO1), of Arabidopsis was tested for its role in stress responses using the knockouts cuao1-1 and cuao1-2. PA-induced and ABA-induced NO production investigated by fluorometry and fluorescence microscopy showed that the cuao1-1 and cuao1-2 are impaired in NO production, suggesting a function of CuAO1 in PA and ABA-mediated NO production. Furthermore, we found a PA-dependent increase in protein S-nitrosylation. The addition of PA and ABA also resulted in H(2)O(2) increases. cuao1-1 and cuao1-2 showed less sensitivity to exogenous ABA supplementation during germination, seedling establishment, and root growth inhibition as compared to wild-type. In response to ABA treatment, expression levels of the stress-responsive genes RD29A and ADH1 were significantly lower in the knockouts. These observations characterize cuao1-1 and cuao1-2 as ABA-insensitive mutants. Taken together, our findings extend the ABA signal transduction network to include CuAO1 as one potential contributor to enhanced NO production by ABA.

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Polyamines and Cytokinin: Is Nitric Oxide Biosynthesis the Key to Overlapping Functions?

Cited by 3 publications

References 98 publications

Phytohormones Regulate Accumulation of Osmolytes Under Abiotic Stress

Phytohormones Regulate Accumulation of Osmolytes Under Abiotic Stress

Salt stress resilience in plants mediated through osmolyte accumulation and its crosstalk mechanism with phytohormones

COPPER AMINE OXIDASE1 (CuAO1) of Arabidopsis thaliana Contributes to Abscisic Acid-and Polyamine-Induced Nitric Oxide Biosynthesis and Abscisic Acid Signal Transduction

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