Polyamines delay leaf maturation in low‐alkaloid tobacco varieties

Nölke, Greta; Volke, Daniel C.; Chudobová, Ivana; Houdelet, Marcel; Lusso, M.; Frederick, Jesse; Adams, Andrew; Chengalrayan, K.; Warek, Ujwala; Strickland, James A.; Xu, Dongmei; Schinkel, Helga; Schillberg, Stefan

doi:10.1002/pld3.77

Cited by 13 publications

(25 citation statements)

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“…It may also be important to study the potential for increased insect herbivory on tobacco plants with reduced nicotine accumulation, as increased insect feeding has been observed on Nicotiana plants with silenced nicotine biosynthetic genes (Steppuhn et al, 2004). Nolke et al (2018) reported increases in polyamine content to be correlated with delays in maturation and senescence in a study of nic1/nic2 isolines of burley tobacco, with problems being most apparent in the lowest alkaloid material. Delayed field ripening of tobacco can translate into reduced cured leaf quality.…”

Section: Combining Bbl Mutations With Recessive Alleles At the Nic1 Amentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic and Agronomic Analysis of Tobacco Genotypes Exhibiting Reduced Nicotine Accumulation Due to Induced Mutations in Berberine Bridge Like (BBL) Genes

et al. 2020

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Genetic methodologies for reducing nicotine accumulation in the tobacco plant (Nicotiana tabacum L.) are of interest because of potential future regulations that could mandate lowering of this alkaloid in conventional cigarettes. Inactivation of tobacco genes such as the Berberine Bridge Like (BBL) gene family believed to encode for enzymes involved in one of the latter steps of nicotine biosynthesis could be a viable strategy for producing new tobacco cultivars with ultra-low leaf nicotine accumulation. We introduced deleterious mutations generated via ethyl methanesulfonate treatment of seed or gene editing into six known members of the BBL gene family and assembled them in different combinations to assess their relative contribution to nicotine accumulation. Significant reductions (up to 17-fold) in percent leaf nicotine were observed in genotypes homozygous for combined mutations in BBL-a, BBLb, and BBL-c. The addition of mutations in BBL-d1, BBL-d2, and BBL-e had no additional significant effect on lowering of nicotine levels in the genetic background studied. Reduced nicotine levels were associated with reductions in cured leaf yields (up to 29%) and cured leaf quality (up to 15%), evidence of physiological complexities within the tobacco plant related to the nicotine biosynthetic pathway. Further nicotine reductions were observed for a BBL mutant line cultivated under a modified production regime in which apical inflorescences were not removed, but at the expense of further yield reductions. Plants in which BBL mutations were combined with naturally occurring recessive alleles at the Nic1 and Nic2 loci exhibited further reductions in percent nicotine, but no plant produced immeasurable levels of this alkaloid. Findings may suggest the existence of a minor, alternative pathway for nicotine biosynthesis in N. tabacum. The described genetic materials may be of value for the manufacture of cigarettes with reduced nicotine levels and for future studies to better understand the molecular biology of alkaloid accumulation in tobacco.

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Section: Combining Bbl Mutations With Recessive Alleles At the Nic1 Amentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic and Agronomic Analysis of Tobacco Genotypes Exhibiting Reduced Nicotine Accumulation Due to Induced Mutations in Berberine Bridge Like (BBL) Genes

et al. 2020

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“…Low nicotine content tobacco has the side-effect of aberrant leaf maturation which in turn leads to inferior product quality. As analyzed previously (Nölke et al, 2018) et al 2000). Downregulation of PMT or PR50 genes led to lower nicotine levels in tobacco (Kudithipudi & Hayes, 2018).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

“…The phenotype of the transgenic plants was compared to WT plants grown under the same cultivation conditions in the greenhouse. Using the ripening markers that we established before (Nölke et al, 2018), we confirmed that the leaf maturation was disturbed in these lines as the transgenic plants had significantly higher (Kudithipudi & Hayes, 2018).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

“…The polyamine content in plants is tightly controlled, and previous studies have shown that conjugation of polyamines with (Bassard et al, 2010;Nölke et al, 2018;Torras-Claveria et al, 2012). Accordingly, PMT-RNAi and PR50-RNAi plants with increased polyamines also show increased polyamine conjugation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…We conducted greenhouse experiments to compare the phenotype of these plants with WT plants using ripening markers (Nölke et al, 2018) and analyzed the polyamine content in the roots and leaves of both the transgenic and the WT plants during the ripening process. For PMT-RNAi plants, the activity of ODC and arginine decarboxylase (ADC), as the enzymes responsible for polyamine formation, was investigated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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