Polybenzimidazoles for High Temperature Fuel Cell Applications

Kim, Hyoung‐Juhn; An, Seong Jin; Kim, Ju–Yong; Moon, Jin Kyoung; Cho, Sung Yong; Eun, Yeong Chan; Yoon, Hae-Kwon; Park, Young-Mi; Kweon, Ho-Jin; Shin, Eun-Mi

doi:10.1002/marc.200400167

Cited by 85 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Similar ratios were reported elsewhere, e.g. 0.6 by Kim et al [232] and 1.0 by Seland et al [227]. An investigation of PBI content used as the ionomer in the catalyst layer was recently made by Kim et al [128,87].…”

Section: Catalysts Gas Diffusion Electrodes and Membrane-electrode Asupporting

confidence: 82%

“…For PBI cells, the used ionomers include PBI [227][228][229][230] or PBI-polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) [231] blend with subsequent acid doping, sulphonated polymer, e.g. Nafion [232] which in combination with phosphoric acid has proton conductivity at higher temperatures [233,234], or other polymers [235] that are containing functional groups for incorporating phosphoric acid. Different types of solvents, i.e.…”

Section: Catalysts Gas Diffusion Electrodes and Membrane-electrode Amentioning

confidence: 99%

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High temperature proton exchange membranes based on polybenzimidazoles for fuel cells

Jensen

Savinell

et al. 2009

Progress in Polymer Science

1,243

852

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This article appeared in a journal published by Elsevier. The attached copy is furnished to the author for internal non-commercial research and education use, including for instruction at the authors institution and sharing with colleagues.Other uses, including reproduction and distribution, or selling or licensing copies, or posting to personal, institutional or third party websites are prohibited. To achieve high temperature operation of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC), preferably under ambient pressure, acid-base polymer membranes represent an effective approach. The phosphoric acid-doped polybenzimidazole membrane seems so far the most successful system in the field. It has in recent years motivated extensive research activities with great progress. This treatise is devoted to updating the development, covering polymer synthesis, membrane casting, physicochemical characterizations and fuel cell technologies. To optimize the membrane properties, high molecular weight polymers with synthetically modified or N-substituted structures have been synthesized. Techniques for membrane casting from organic solutions and directly from acid solutions have been developed. Ionic and covalent cross-linking as well as inorganic-organic composites has been explored. Membrane characterizations have been made including spectroscopy, water uptake and acid doping, thermal and oxidative stability, conductivity, electro-osmotic water drag, methanol crossover, solubility and permeability of gases, and oxygen reduction kinetics. Related fuel cell technologies such as electrode and MEA fabrication have been developed and high temperature PEMFC has been successfully demonstrated at temperatures of up to 200• C under ambient pressure. No gas humidification is mandatory, which enables the elimination of the complicated humidification system, compared with Nafion cells. Other operating features of the PBI cell include easy control of air flow rate, cell temperature and cooling. The PBI cell operating at above 150• C can tolerate up to 1% CO and 10 ppm SO 2 in the fuel stream, allowing for simplification of the fuel processing system and possible integration of the fuel cell stack with fuel processing units. Long-term durability with a degradation rate of 5 V h −1 has been achieved under continuous operation with hydrogen and air at 150-160• C. With load or thermal cycling, a performance loss of 300 V per cycle or 40 V h −1 per operating hour was observed. Further improvement should be done by, e.g. optimizing the thermal and chemical stability of the polymer, acid-base interaction and acid management, activity and stability of catalyst and more importantly the catalyst support, as well as the integral interface between electrode and membrane.

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Section: Catalysts Gas Diffusion Electrodes and Membrane-electrode Asupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Catalysts Gas Diffusion Electrodes and Membrane-electrode Amentioning

confidence: 99%

High temperature proton exchange membranes based on polybenzimidazoles for fuel cells

Jensen

Savinell

et al. 2009

Progress in Polymer Science

1,243

852

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Operating without external humidification not only simplifies balance of plant but also implies single phase, gaseous, transport in the gas diffusion layers (GDL) and flow channels, which makes reactant diffusion processes more facile [3,4]. To date, phosphoric acid-doped polybenzimidazole (PBI) membranes have been among the most successful acid doped membranes for HT-PEMFC applications [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. PBI outperforms conventional membranes (i.e., Nafion ® ) by self-solvating protons to allow charge migration, hence minimizing the reliance on water for proton transport.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of a Coated Film Catalyst Layer Model to a High Temperature Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell with Low Catalyst Loading Produced by Reactive Spray Deposition Technology

et al. 2015

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Abstract:In this study, a semi-empirical model is presented that correlates to previously obtained experimental overpotential data for a high temperature polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (HT-PEMFC). The goal is to reinforce the understanding of the performance of the cell from a modeling perspective. The HT-PEMFC membrane electrode assemblies (MEAs) were constructed utilizing an 85 wt. % phosphoric acid doped Advent TPS ® membranes for the electrolyte and gas diffusion electrodes (GDEs) manufactured byReactive Spray Deposition Technology (RSDT). MEAs with varying ratios of PTFE binder to carbon support material (I/C ratio) were manufactured and their performance at various operating temperatures was recorded. The semi-empirical model derivation was based on the coated film catalyst layer approach and was calibrated to the experimental data by a least squares method. The behavior of important physical parameters as a function of I/C ratio and operating temperature were explored. OPEN ACCESSCatalysts 2015, 5 1674

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“…In recent years, development of microelectronic packaging has stimulated the needs for polymer materials possessing high thermal stability (glass-transition temperature (T g ) > 350℃, degradation temperature (T d ) > 400℃), low water uptake (<1%), solubility in selected organic solvents, low dielectric constant (<2.5) and low thermal expansion coefficient [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Introduction of fluorin into PBO polymer chains: Toward higher thermal stability and lower dielectric constant

Zhang

et al. 2009

Sci. China Ser. E-Technol. Sci.

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A series of novel fluorinated benzoxazole polymers (6FPBO's) with high thermal stability and low dielectric constant were synthesized by copolymerization of 1,3-diamino-4, 6-dihydroxybenzene dihydrochloride (DAR), 1,4-benzenedicarboxylic acid (PTA) and various amount of 4'4-(hexafluoroisopropylidene) bis (benzoic acid) (BIS-B-AF) in the medium of polyphosphoric acid (PPA). 6FPBO fibers were then obtained via dry-jet wet-spinning technique and characterized by means of Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), single fiber tensile testing machine and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). FTIR spectrum of 6FPBO fibers indicated that the fluorine groups had been incorporated into PBO molecular chains successfully. TGA curves revealed that 6FPBO fiberspossessed high thermal stability just as pure PBO fibers. Moreover, dielectric constant spectrum of 6FPBO exhibited that the polymers had low dielectric constant, especially in the range of high-frequency.fluorinated PBO fiber, synthesis, tensile strength, thermal stability, dielectric constant

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Polybenzimidazoles for High Temperature Fuel Cell Applications

Cited by 85 publications

References 17 publications

High temperature proton exchange membranes based on polybenzimidazoles for fuel cells

High temperature proton exchange membranes based on polybenzimidazoles for fuel cells

Application of a Coated Film Catalyst Layer Model to a High Temperature Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell with Low Catalyst Loading Produced by Reactive Spray Deposition Technology

Introduction of fluorin into PBO polymer chains: Toward higher thermal stability and lower dielectric constant

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