Polybenzoxazines—New high performance thermosetting resins: Synthesis and properties

Ghosh, Narendra Nath; Kışkan, Barış; Yaǧcı, Yusuf

doi:10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2007.07.002

Cited by 1,073 publications

(896 citation statements)

References 166 publications

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“…As a result of the heat treatment in air, the thermoplastic PAN fibres were converted into thermosetting ladder-structured fibres via cyclization 28 . In addition, the in situ polymerization of the BA-a monomers in the PAN fibres led to the formation of Mannich bridged polybenzoxazine (PBZ) and finally cemented the adjacent nanofibres 29,30 . Evidence of the formation of cyclized PAN and PBZ also arose from Fourier transform infrared spectra and differential scanning calorimetry analyses (see Supplementary Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultralight nanofibre-assembled cellular aerogels with superelasticity and multifunctionality

et al. 2014

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Three-dimensional nanofibrous aerogels (NFAs) that are both highly compressible and resilient would have broad technological implications for areas ranging from electrical devices and bioengineering to damping materials; however, creating such NFAs has proven extremely challenging. Here we report a novel strategy to create fibrous, isotropically bonded elastic reconstructed (FIBER) NFAs with a hierarchical cellular structure and superelasticity by combining electrospun nanofibres and the fibrous freeze-shaping technique. Our approach causes the intrinsically lamellar deposited electrospun nanofibres to assemble into elastic bulk aerogels with tunable densities and desirable shapes on a large scale. The resulting FIBER NFAs exhibit densities of 40.12 mg cm À 3 , rapid recovery from deformation, efficient energy absorption and multifunctionality in terms of the combination of thermal insulation, sound absorption, emulsion separation and elasticity-responsive electric conduction. The successful synthesis of such fascinating materials may provide new insights into the design and development of multifunctional NFAs for various applications.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultralight nanofibre-assembled cellular aerogels with superelasticity and multifunctionality

et al. 2014

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“…[3] The benzoxazines were first synthesized by Cope and Holly [4] in 1940 by solvent method. Riess et al [5] studied the synthesis and reaction of monofunctional heterocyclic compounds of this kind.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structurally diverse benzoxazines: synthesis, polymerization, and thermal stability

Vijayakumar¹,

Rishwana²,

Surender³

et al. 2013

Designed Monomers and Polymers

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Bisphenol-A is converted to indane bisphenol and spirobiindane bisphenol. The compounds bisphenol-A benzoxazine (BAB), indane bisphenol benzoxazine (IBPB), and spirobiindane bisphenol benzoxazine (SBIB) are prepared by condensing the respective bisphenols with paraformaldehyde and aniline. The structural characterization of the synthesized materials is done by using FTIR, 1 H, and 13 C NMR. Curing behavior of these benzoxazines and glass transition temperature for polybenzoxazines are studied using differential scanning calorimeter (DSC). The curing exotherm of these benzoxazines is much influenced by the nature of the aromatic unit present in the chosen bisphenol. Compared to the aromatic nucleus in BAB, the indane nucleus present in IBPB shifts the cure exotherm to lower temperatures, whereas the biindane moiety present in SBIB shifts the same to high temperatures. These benzoxazines are thermally cured both at the onset and at the peak maximum of the curing exotherm. The thermal stability of these cured materials is investigated using thermogravimetry. The nature of the aromatic nucleus present in the bisphenol and the temperature at which the curing is done decide the glass transition temperature and thermal stability of the polybenzoxazine.

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“…To overcome these shortcomings, benzoxazine resins have been successfully modified with epoxy, rubber, poly(imide-siloxane), polyurethane, and bisoxazoline. [8][9][10][11][12][13] In our previous research, we have synthesized different benzoxazine resins and studied their copolymerization with 1,3-PBO. It was found that the curing temperature of benzoxazine resins could be lowered and toughness of cured resin could be improved.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and characterization of a new reactive hyperbranched polyphosphate ester, and its modification on benzoxazine-bisoxazoline resins

Wang

Tao

2014

Designed Monomers and Polymers

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A new reactive hyperbranched polyphosphate ester (HPPE) was synthesized by one step reaction. The structure of HPPE was characterized by 1 H NMR, FTIR, and inherent viscosity. High performance flame retardant modified benzoxazinebisoxazoline resins were obtained by the additional reaction with HPPE. Differential scanning calorimetry showed that there was an obvious shift in the exothermic peak of BPH5 (mass ratio of Ba-1,3-PBO and HPPE was 95:5) from 225 to 202°C, comparing with that of BPH0 (pure benzoxazine-bisoxazoline resins). It meant that the curing reaction could be catalyzed and accelerated by HPPE. The impact strength experiments illustrated that the maximum impact strength of modified resins may reach 19.2 kJ/m 2 . The char yield at 700°C of BPH5, BPH15, and BPH30 were 3.34, 4.47, and 7.75%, respectively. The benzoxazine-bisoxazoline resins modified by HPPE showed good flame retardancy.

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Polybenzoxazines—New high performance thermosetting resins: Synthesis and properties

Cited by 1,073 publications

References 166 publications

Ultralight nanofibre-assembled cellular aerogels with superelasticity and multifunctionality

Ultralight nanofibre-assembled cellular aerogels with superelasticity and multifunctionality

Structurally diverse benzoxazines: synthesis, polymerization, and thermal stability

Synthesis and characterization of a new reactive hyperbranched polyphosphate ester, and its modification on benzoxazine-bisoxazoline resins

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