Polybrominated Diphenyl Ether Flame Retardants in Virginia Freshwater Fishes (USA)

Hale, Robert C.; Guardia, Mark J. La; Harvey, Ellen; Mainor, T. Matteson; Duff, William H.; Gaylor, Michael O.

doi:10.1021/es010845q

Cited by 238 publications

(172 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Therefore, fish can bioaccumulate these pollutants from a combination of surface sediments and the water column (Hale et al, 2001). The foraging domestic animals and fowls could accumulate PHAHs in body from environment by the pathways: ingestion of soil, ingestion of organisms (such as plants, annelids etc.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

PBBs, PBDEs, and PCBs in foods collected from e-waste disassembly sites and daily intake by local residents

Zhao

Zhou

Wang

et al. 2009

Science of The Total Environment

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

PBBs, PBDEs, and PCBs in foods collected from e-waste disassembly sites and daily intake by local residents

Zhao

Zhou

Wang

et al. 2009

Science of The Total Environment

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“…The analytic methodology for detecting brominated diphenyls and diphenyl ethers have been described previously (20). Briefly, we subjected total dust samples to enhanced solvent extraction using methylene chloride.…”

Section: Analytic Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of the dust/smoke aerosol that settled east of the World Trade Center (WTC) in lower Manhattan after the collapse of the WTC 11 September 2001.

Lioy

Weisel

Millette

et al. 2002

Environ Health Perspect

452

453

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The explosion and collapse of the World Trade Center (WTC) was a catastrophic event that produced an aerosol plume impacting many workers, residents, and commuters during the first few days after 11 September 2001. Three bulk samples of the total settled dust and smoke were collected at weather-protected locations east of the WTC on 16 and 17 September 2001; these samples are representative of the generated material that settled immediately after the explosion and fire and the concurrent collapse of the two structures. We analyzed each sample, not differentiated by particle size, for inorganic and organic composition. In the inorganic analyses, we identified metals, radionuclides, ionic species, asbestos, and inorganic species. In the organic analyses, we identified polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorinated biphenyls, polychlorinated dibenzodioxins, polychlorinated dibenzofurans, pesticides, phthalate esters, brominated diphenyl ethers, and other hydrocarbons. Each sample had a basic pH. Asbestos levels ranged from 0.8% to 3.0% of the mass, the PAHs were > 0.1% of the mass, and lead ranged from 101 to 625 microg/g. The content and distribution of material was indicative of a complex mixture of building debris and combustion products in the resulting plume. These three samples were composed primarily of construction materials, soot, paint (leaded and unleaded), and glass fibers (mineral wool and fiberglass). Levels of hydrocarbons indicated unburned or partially burned jet fuel, plastic, cellulose, and other materials that were ignited by the fire. In morphologic analyses we found that a majority of the mass was fibrous and composed of many types of fibers (e.g., mineral wool, fiberglass, asbestos, wood, paper, and cotton). The particles were separated into size classifications by gravimetric and aerodynamic methods. Material < 2.5 microm in aerodynamic diameter was 0.88-1.98% of the total mass. The largest mass concentrations were > 53 microm in diameter. The results obtained from these samples can be used to understand the contact and types of exposures to this unprecedented complex mixture experienced by the surviving residents, commuters, and rescue workers directly affected by the plume from 11 to 12 September and the evaluations of any acute or long-term health effects from resuspendable dust and smoke to the residents, commuters, and local workers, as well as from the materials released after 11 September until the fires were extinguished. Further, these results support the need to have the interior of residences, buildings, and their respective HVAC systems professionally cleaned to reduce long-term residential risks before rehabitation.

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“…In the present study we focused on a major component of the penta-BDE commercial mixture, a lower brominated PBDE congener, PBDE-99 (five bromines). The PBDE-99 is a viscous liquid used primarily in textiles as an additive (up to 30% of wt) to polyurethane foams [12]. Of particular concern, Eriksson et al [13] and Alm et al [14] reported developmental neurotoxicity in mice with this congener.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A three‐generational study of In ovo exposure to PBDE‐99 in the zebra finch

Winter

Williams

Elliott

2013

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Abstract-Based on a literature review of avian data for polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), ecologically relevant doses, low (10 ng/egg), medium (100 ng/egg), and high (1,000 ng/egg) of the 2,2 0 ,4,4 0 ,5-pentabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-99) congener along with dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) control were injected into the yolk sac of un-incubated eggs of zebra finch, Taeniopygia guttata. Offspring development and adult phenotype were followed over three generations. No effects of in ovo PBDE exposure on hatching success, chick growth, thyroid hormone levels, or hematological traits were measured at sexual maturity (90 d posthatching). However, the authors did detect significant effects of BDE-99 treatment on adult phenotype of in ovo-exposed birds by breeding observations, in which clutch size was significantly smaller in all PBDE-dosed birds (low, medium, and high) compared with controls. A trend was also seen for longer laying intervals in PBDE-dosed birds (13-14 d) compared with control birds (8 d). In addition, a significant effect of PBDE was found on growth of the second-generation offspring of in ovo-treated females; body mass was significantly lower in the high-PBDE dosed birds compared with controls from hatch through to fledging (day 30). The authors found no evidence of effects over the longer term and in successive generations, whether in adult, reproductive phenotype of the second-generation offspring of in ovo-treated birds, or in the growth of their (third-generation) offspring. Their results suggest that egg levels as low as 10 ng/g BDE-99 may affect reproduction in small passerines by reducing clutch size. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2013;32:562-568. # 2012 SETAC

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Polybrominated Diphenyl Ether Flame Retardants in Virginia Freshwater Fishes (USA)

Cited by 238 publications

References 30 publications

PBBs, PBDEs, and PCBs in foods collected from e-waste disassembly sites and daily intake by local residents

PBBs, PBDEs, and PCBs in foods collected from e-waste disassembly sites and daily intake by local residents

Characterization of the dust/smoke aerosol that settled east of the World Trade Center (WTC) in lower Manhattan after the collapse of the WTC 11 September 2001.

A three‐generational study of In ovo exposure to PBDE‐99 in the zebra finch

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