Polycyclic aromatic compounds (PACs) in the Canadian environment: The challenges of ecological risk assessments

Ongoing legacy contamination from a military radar station in Iceland: a case study

“…They are persistent in the environment and several have multiple adverse health effects. 27 PAHs were summarized in two categories, low molecular weight PAHs (LMW PAHs) and high molecular weight PAHs (HMW PAHs), with the latter being more toxic and carcinogenic. 51 Fifteen PAHs were tested (5 LMW and 10 HMW) in nine samples from five areas (Dump, Tropo, Sewage Outfall, Powerhouse and Catchment), see Table 1, and found to exceed the lowest guideline value at three areas: Catchment, Dump and Tropo Areas.…”

Toxicity of Anthracene on Marine Organisms and Development of Seawater Quality Criteria

“…Accurate water quality standards and risk assessments can be achieved through Species sensitivity distribution models (SSD), quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) models, interspecies correlation estimation (ICE) models, support vector machine (SVM) learning models and model averaging approaches (Wang et al 2023b(Wang et al , 2024Binet et al 2023;Zheng and Ni 2024). These approaches reduces the uncertainties of the traditional acute-chronic ratio and assessment factor methods (CCME 1999;USEPA 2008;Hodson et al 2020;Qin et al 2022;Binet et al 2023). However, it is widely acknowledged that the reliability of water quality criteria is determined by the toxicity data (USEPA 2008; Xu et al 2015;Fox et al 2021).…”

The effects of dissolved petroleum hydrocarbons on benthic organisms: Chironomids and amphipods

“…In addition to these compounds, diluted bitumens also contain heterocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons such as dibenzothiophenes (sulfur included in the benzene ring) and carbazoles (nitrogen included in the benzene ring), for which few toxicity data are available (Alsaadi et al, 2018). PAHs, alkylated PAHs, and heterocyclic aromatics compounds can be grouped under the term PACs for Polycyclic aromatic compounds (Hodson et al, 2020). PACs are problematic because of their diversity and complexity, with alkylated compounds and metabolites that are even more toxic than the parent compounds (Hodson et al, 2020;Wallace et al, 2020).…”

“…PAHs, alkylated PAHs, and heterocyclic aromatics compounds can be grouped under the term PACs for Polycyclic aromatic compounds (Hodson et al, 2020). PACs are problematic because of their diversity and complexity, with alkylated compounds and metabolites that are even more toxic than the parent compounds (Hodson et al, 2020;Wallace et al, 2020). Based on available studies, high molecular weight hydrocarbons, such as asphaltenes and resins, which are present in larger quantities in diluted bitumen and heavy oil, appear to be less toxic to aquatic organisms.…”