Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH)-phase associations in Washington coastal sediment

Prahl, Fredrick G.; Carpenter, Roy

doi:10.1016/0016-7037(83)90231-4

Cited by 326 publications

(108 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…PAH isomer pair ratio such as Ip/Ip+BghiP has been used as distinct chemical tracer to infer possible sources of PAHs in environmental samples (Yunker, et al, 2002). Based on the PAH isomer pair ratio measurements compiled by Prahl and Carpenter (1983), a ratio of Ip/Ip+BghiP < 0.2 indicates petroleum, 0.2 to 0.5 indicate petroleum combustion, and > 0.5 indicates combustion of coal, grass and wood. The ratio of Ip/Ip+BghiP shows that the penta-aromatics are from petroleum combustion (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of perylene in sediments: Occurrence and diagenetic evolution

Opuene

Agbozu²,

Iwuozor

2007

Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Perylene and penta-aromatic hydrocarbons were determined in sediments as part of a study that was dedicated to the aquatic ecosystem of Elelenwo Creek (Southern Nigeria) in order to carry out a critical corroboration of occurrence and diagenetic evolution of perylene in the sediments of the creek. The results show that the annual mean levels of Benzo [g, h, i] Perylene ranged from 209.00 -245.28 µg/kg dry weight at the various stations sampled. Meanwhile, Station 3 recorded the highest mean level of 245.28 µg/kg dry weight. The observed values for total penta-aromatic hydrocarbons were high (787.00 -1154.36µg/kg dry weight) in all the stations sampled. In addition, the highest mean value of 1154.36µg/kg dry weight was again recorded at station 3 for the penta-aromatic hydrocarbons. One origin index or concentration ratio of Ip/Ip+BghiP was also used to evaluate the suitability of the penta-aromatic hydrocarbons as a tracer to distinguish between contaminations arising from different sources. The values for the sampling stations therefore ranged from 0.41 to 0.43. A critical appraisal of the PAH index, consequently, suggested that petroleum combustion is the major penta-aromatic hydrocarbon source in sediments of the creek. The PAH group profile shows that perylene was high in the sediments and would pose apparent effects in fauna. The high concentration of perylene in the sediments was also indicative of an in situ biogenic derivation. Furthermore, a concentration of perylene > 10 % of total penta-aromatic hydrocarbons established a credible diagenetic origin.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of perylene in sediments: Occurrence and diagenetic evolution

Opuene

Agbozu²,

Iwuozor

2007

Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol.

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“…Among other questions to answer, it would be interesting to decipher whether Phe-like fluorescence observed here is related to direct atmospheric input, or rather land drainage origin. The relative abundance of Phe and methylated Phe may be used to distinguish the origin (petrogenic vs. pyrogenic) of these compounds (Prahl and Carpenter, 1983;Garrigues et al, 1995). In general, the predominance of Phe among its methylated homologs reflects a pyrogenic origin (i.e., combustion products routed by atmospheric aerosols for instance).…”

Section: Phenanthrene-like Fluorophore Dynamicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A New Glider-Compatible Optical Sensor for Dissolved Organic Matter Measurements: Test Case from the NW Mediterranean Sea

Cyr

Tedetti

Besson³

et al. 2017

Front. Mar. Sci.

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The MiniFluo-UV is a new glider-compatible optical sensor for measurements of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in natural waters. The working principle, sensor design and challenges faced during the validation phase are reported. The first in situ application of the sensor during three glider deployments in the NW Mediterranean sea (spring, summer, and fall) are also presented. For these campaigns, the two channels of the sensor were adjusted to target Tryptophan-like (excitation/emission wavelengths λ Ex /λ Em : 275/340 nm) and Phenanthrene-like (λ Ex /λ Em : 255/360 nm) fluorescence. These were chosen because they represent fluorophores of interest commonly found in seawater. While Tryptophan (an amino-acid believed to be a by-product of biological activity) is naturally found in the ocean, Phenanthrene (a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon) is mainly introduced in the environment by human activities. The addition of these variables to more common physical and biogeochemical glider measurements reveals new features of DOM dynamics in the Mediterranean Sea. For example, the temporal and spatial decoupling between Tryptophan-like and Chl-a fluorescence suggests that the former is not only a marker of phytoplankton activity, but could also give more subtle information on the microbial processes occurring. The identification of a Phenanthrene-like layer just below the pycnocline at all seasons also raises questions on the mechanisms driving its presence in the Mediterranean. Knowing that the role of ocean DOM on atmospheric carbon sequestration is becoming clearer, the high spatiotemporal resolution possible with this new sampling strategy may represents a key step toward our deep understanding of DOM dynamics and its role on the biological pump.

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“…One such indicator is the ratio of the sum of 2-and 3-ringed PAH's to the sum of combustion PAH's. The sum of combustion PAH's includes nine non-alkylated compounds (fluoranthene, pyrene, benz(a)anthracene, chrysene, benzofluoranthenes, benzo(e)pyrene, benzo(a)pyrene, benzo(g,h,i)perylene, and indeno (1,2,3-c,d)pyrene) that commonly contribute to PAH mixtures derived from the hightemperature burning of fuels (Prahl and Carpenter, 1983). The ratio of the sum of 2-and 3-ringed PAH to the sum of combustion PAH's decreases as combustion PAH's become more dominant, often an indication of increased vehicle emissions.…”

Section: Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbonsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deposition and chemistry of bottom sediments in Cochiti Lake, north-central New Mexico

Wilson¹,

Metre²

2000

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Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH)-phase associations in Washington coastal sediment

Cited by 326 publications

References 34 publications

Identification of perylene in sediments: Occurrence and diagenetic evolution

Identification of perylene in sediments: Occurrence and diagenetic evolution

A New Glider-Compatible Optical Sensor for Dissolved Organic Matter Measurements: Test Case from the NW Mediterranean Sea

Deposition and chemistry of bottom sediments in Cochiti Lake, north-central New Mexico

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