Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, black carbon, and molecular markers in soils of Switzerland

Bucheli, Thomas D.; Blum, F.; Desaules, André; Gustafsson, Örjan

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2004.06.002

Cited by 371 publications

(202 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Diagnostic ratio is a widely used technique to apportion the origin of PAHs presented in different environmental media (Yunker et al, 2002;Bucheli et al, 2004). The ratios of different PAHs are expected to vary with sources most likely due to various routes of PAH formation under different combustion conditions.…”

Section: Diagnostic Ratio Chartsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence, distribution, sources and toxic potential of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in surface soils from the Kumasi Metropolis, Ghana

Bortey-Sam

Ikenaka

Nakayama

et al. 2014

Science of The Total Environment

103

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As a developing country, the economic and population growth rates in Ghana over the past few years have seen tremendous increase. The growing rate of industrialization is gradually leading to contamination and deterioration of the environment and pollution is likely to reach disturbing levels. Surface soil samples were collected randomly from 36 communities in the Kumasi metropolis, Ghana, to determine the concentrations, distribution, sources and toxic potential of emission of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) since no such comprehensive study has been conducted. The mean concentration of total PAHs in the surface soils in each community ranged from 14.78 at Ahinsan to 2084 ng/g dry weight at Adum with an average of 442.5 ± 527.2 ng/g dry weight. Diagnostic ratios and chemical mass balance models of the results showed that PAHs in surface soil samples from the study area were mainly from fuel combustion.Carcinogenic potency of PAHs load from the city centre was approximately 150 times higher as compared to a pristine site, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology's Botanical Garden. BaP, a human carcinogen, contributed 70% of the total PAHs toxicity level from the city centre of Kumasi.

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Section: Diagnostic Ratio Chartsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence, distribution, sources and toxic potential of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in surface soils from the Kumasi Metropolis, Ghana

Bortey-Sam

Ikenaka

Nakayama

et al. 2014

Science of The Total Environment

103

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“…Therefore, PAH pollutions in surface soil have received enhanced attention in recent years (Wilcke 2007). Monitoring program was considered as an important tool for the study of PAH pollution in soil (Wilcke 2000), which have been successfully conducted to study the environmental fate of PAHs in soil on national, continental, and even global scale (Bucheli et al 2004;Heywood et al 2006;Nam et al 2003;Nam et al 2008). For example, 201 rural surface soil samples were collected to identify the factors influencing the national distribution of PAHs across the Great Britain (Heywood et al 2006), and 108 soil samples were collected to study the environmental fate of PAHs in global background soil (Nam et al 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in Chinese surface soil: occurrence and distribution

Liu

Tian

et al. 2014

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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In this study, 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were analyzed in 157 concurrently collected soil samples in 2005 over China. Higher concentration of ∑ 16 PAHs was found in urban soil, followed by rural and background soil. The results indicated that PAHs in Chinese surface soil showed a primary distribution pattern, which was confirmed by the positive correlation with emission inventory.

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“…PAHs are emitted as mixtures and the relative concentrations of certain PAHs may help distinguish the emission sources. Different PAH ratios have been used to identify emission sources involving usually pairs of PAHs with same molar mass and similar physicochemical properties so they undergo similar environmental fate processes (Bucheli et al, 2004;Francioni et al, 2007;Tobiszewski and Namieśnik, 2012;Yunker et al, 2002). Aquatic organisms might accumulate PAHs through food, water and sediments (Costa et al, 2011;Nakata et al, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…volcanic eruptions, forest fires, oil leaks, etc.) anthropogenic sources are the main causes for PAH environmental contamination (Bucheli et al, 2004;Slezakova et al, 2013;Yunker et al, 2002). PAHs may enter the marine environment by river runoff, atmospheric inputs or wet deposition of petroleum or petroleum products (Wolska et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal patterns of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in digestive gland and arm of octopus (Octopus vulgaris) from the Northwest Atlantic

Semedo

Oliveira

Gomes

et al. 2014

Science of The Total Environment

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Among organic pollutants existing in coastal areas, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are of great concern due to their ubiquity and carcinogenic potential. The aim of this study was to evaluate the seasonal patterns of PAHs in the digestive gland and arm of the common octopus (Octopus vulgaris) from the Northwest Atlantic Portuguese coast. In the different seasons, 18 PAHs were determined and the detoxification capacity of the spe-cies was evaluated. Ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase (EROD) and ethoxycoumarin O-deethylase (ECOD) activities were measured to assess phase I biotransformation capacity. Individual PAH ratios were used for major source (pyrolytic/petrogenic) analysis. Risks for human consumption were determined by the total toxicity equivalence approach. Generally, low levels of PAHs were detected in the digestive gland and in the arm of octopus, with a predominance of low molecular over high molecular weight compounds. PAHs exhibited seasonality in the con-centrations detected and in their main emission sources. In the digestive gland, the highest total PAH levels were observed in autumn possibly related to fat availability in the ecosystem and food intake. The lack of PAH elimina-tion observed in the digestive gland after captivity could be possibly associated to a low biotransformation capac-ity, consistent with the negligible/undetected levels of EROD and ECOD activity in the different seasons. The emission sources of PAHs found in the digestive gland varied from a petrogenic profile observed in winter to a pyrolytic pattern in spring. In the arm, the highest PAH contents were observed in June; nevertheless, levels were always below the regulatory limits established for food consumption. The carcinogenic potential calculated for all the sampling periods in the arm were markedly lower than the ones found in various aquatic species from different marine environments. The results presented in this study give relevant baseline data for environmental monitoring of organic pollution in coastal areas.

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Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, black carbon, and molecular markers in soils of Switzerland

Cited by 371 publications

References 52 publications

Occurrence, distribution, sources and toxic potential of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in surface soils from the Kumasi Metropolis, Ghana

Occurrence, distribution, sources and toxic potential of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in surface soils from the Kumasi Metropolis, Ghana

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in Chinese surface soil: occurrence and distribution

Seasonal patterns of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in digestive gland and arm of octopus (Octopus vulgaris) from the Northwest Atlantic

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