Polyethersulfone membrane fouling mitigation during ultrafiltration of wastewaters from car washes

Gryta, Marek; Woźniak, Piotr

doi:10.1016/j.desal.2023.117254

Cited by 3 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…This skin is supported on a highly porous layer 50-250 µm thick, giving the requirement of high permeability and mechanical strength of membranes. The structure of the UE10 membrane was similar to the UE50 images shown in Figure 2 [29]. The MWCO value declared by the UE50 and FP100 manufacturers was similar (100 kDa).…”

Section: Membrane Performancesupporting

confidence: 66%

“…An alkaline agent (Insect) containing NaOH was used to remove insects from the car surface. The composition of these cleaning agents was presented in work [29]. The ingredients of these agents may cause fouling; hence, synthetic wastewater prepared by mixing commercial agents (0.5% Active Green and 0.2% Hydrowax) was also used in the UF tests.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The PES membranes were mounted on the plate cross-flow modules, and the active membrane area was 24 cm 2 . The modules were made of ASI 316 acid-resistant steel, and their construction and selection of operating conditions were presented in work [29]. Additionally, a PVDF tubular FP100 membrane (100 kDa) from PCI (Kostrzy ń, Poland) was also applied for UF studies.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although the lowest degree of retention was obtained as before for FP100 membranes, the differences were not as significant as in the case of dextrans separation (Figure 3). Compared to UE10 membranes, the more porous UE50 membranes retained the ingredients to a greater extent which resulted from their greater fouling [29]. Rejection of COD and surfactants (anionic, nonionic) during UF of synthetic wastewater (mixture 0.5% Active Green + 0.2% Hydrowax).…”

Section: Membrane Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Surfactants stabilize the dispersion of oil in water; thus, their presence affects the intensity of fouling. Membrane permeability may also be reduced by the adsorption of surfactants on their surface [29,32]. Therefore, in order to determine the influence of oil on the fouling, in the first stage of the process, the membranes were stabilized using the foaming agent solution (Figure 5).…”

Section: Ultrafiltration Oil Emulsion With Surfactantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Carwash Oily Wastewater Separated by Ultrafiltration

Woźniak,

Gryta

2024

Separations

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In the present study, oily wastewater generated during car washing was separated using ultrafiltration (UF). Wastewater was collected from the settling tank of two manual car washes. In addition to pollutants removed from cars, such wastewater contains surfactants, the impact of which on the process of ultrafiltration has been analyzed. For this purpose, the application of commercial UF polyethersulfone (PES) membranes (10 and 100 kDa) and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) tubular membranes (100 kDa) was comprehensively examined. Almost 100% removal of oil contaminants was achieved; however, intensive fouling was noticed. The membrane morphology and deposit composition were studied using a scanning electron microscope coupled with energy dispersion spectrometry. The fouling phenomenon was reduced by washing the membranes with an alkaline cleaning agent (pH = 11.5), which is used in car washes to remove insects. The filtration/membrane washing cycle was repeated many times to achieve stable operation of the membrane modules. The UF process was carried out for 120–140 h, and the separation efficiency was analyzed based on the rejection of dextrans, COD, BOD, total N and P, turbidity, and anionic surfactants. It has been found that cyclic repeated washing did not deteriorate the membrane’s performance, and a permeate with a turbidity of 0.12–0.35 NTU was obtained. Thus, cleaning agents used for washing cars can also be used for membrane cleaning.

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Section: Membrane Performancesupporting

confidence: 66%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Membrane Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Ultrafiltration Oil Emulsion With Surfactantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Carwash Oily Wastewater Separated by Ultrafiltration

Woźniak,

Gryta

2024

Separations

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Effects of Alkaline Cleaning Agents on the Long-Term Performance and Aging of Polyethersulfone Ultrafiltration Membranes Applied for Treatment of Car Wash Wastewater

Gryta,

Woźniak,

Mozia

2024

Membranes

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The commercial ultrafiltration polyethersulfone (PES) membranes (10 and 100 kDa) blended with polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) were applied for the filtration of car wash wastewater. Periodical membrane rinsing with water did not prevent fouling and a decrease in permeate flux was observed. Fouling was reduced by washing the membranes with cleaning agents, which are used in car washes to clean wheels and remove insects. In addition to surfactants, these agents contain NaOH, hence the pH value of cleaning solutions was over 11. Long-term contact with such solutions resulted in the removal of PVP from the membrane matrix and an increase in pore size. The PES membranes were soaked in an alkaline solution (pH = 11.5) for 20 months, after which the 200 kDa dextran rejection decreased from 95% to 80%. To compare with the static degradation conditions, 8 weeks of alkaline agent filtration was realized, after which the dextran (200 kDa) rejection decreased below 50%. This indicated that the cross-flow of alkaline agents can accelerate the removal of components building the membrane matrix. Despite membrane degradation, the separation efficiency (the rejection of chemical oxygen demand—COD, turbidity, and surfactants) during the treatment of synthetic car wash wastewater was similar to that obtained for pristine membranes.

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Application of Polymeric Tubular Ultrafiltration Membranes for Separation of Car Wash Wastewater

Woźniak,

Gryta

2024

Membranes

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The commercial ultrafiltration tubular polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) (100 and 200 kDa) and polyethersulfone (PES) (4 kDa) membranes were applied for filtration of car wash wastewater. Intensive fouling was noticed, which caused an over 50% flux reduction during 3–5 h of the filtration process. This phenomenon was reduced by washing the membranes with an alkaline cleaning agent (pH = 11.5), which is used in car washes to remove insects. The filtration/membrane washing cycle was repeated many times to achieve stable operation of the membrane modules. It has been found that cyclic repeated washing did not deteriorate the performance of the membranes. Despite frequent cleaning of the membranes (every 5–7 h), irreversible fouling occurred, resulting in a 20% reduction in the initial permeate flux. However, the formation of a filter cake definitely improved the separation degree and, for the 200 kDa membranes, separation of the wastewater components was obtained as it was for the 4 kDa membranes, while, at the same time, the permeate flux was 5 times higher.

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Polyethersulfone membrane fouling mitigation during ultrafiltration of wastewaters from car washes

Cited by 3 publications

References 55 publications

Carwash Oily Wastewater Separated by Ultrafiltration

Carwash Oily Wastewater Separated by Ultrafiltration

Effects of Alkaline Cleaning Agents on the Long-Term Performance and Aging of Polyethersulfone Ultrafiltration Membranes Applied for Treatment of Car Wash Wastewater

Application of Polymeric Tubular Ultrafiltration Membranes for Separation of Car Wash Wastewater

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