Polyethylenimine Interfacial Layers in Inverted Organic Photovoltaic Devices: Effects of Ethoxylation and Molecular Weight on Efficiency and Temporal Stability

Courtright, Brett A. E.; Jenekhe, Samson A.

doi:10.1021/acsami.5b08147

Cited by 76 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…The CIL is betweenZ nO andt he active layer.O nce again, 80 8Ct hermal stress was used for testing devices'l ifetimes. In the device with aP EI CIL over ZnO, PEI was shown to improvet he RT stability, [11] and here we studied its effect at high temperature over long time. The thermals tability of the device with MSAPBS is actually poorer than that of the device without aC IL.…”

Section: Inverteddevice Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…[3,4] The two major causes of degradation of polymer solar cells are air exposure andh eating. [5,11,12] Many studies have only trackedt he decay of efficiency for af ew hundred hours. High thermal stabilityo ver al ong periodi sacrucial criterion fora ny real applicationu nder sunlight.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…High thermal stabilityo ver al ong periodi sacrucial criterion fora ny real applicationu nder sunlight. [11,13] Althoughl ong-term stable polymer solar cellsh ave been reportedp reviously,s ome inadequacies still remain: (1) the initial powerc onversion efficiencies (PCEs) of these devices are generally low; (2) stability tests are usually performed at room temperature (RT), which is very different from the actual operating temperature for solar panels (35-55 8C). [5] The stability of polymer solar cells can be improved in variousw ays; [3,4,[6][7][8][9] for example,i nterlayer [10] and rapid-drying blade coating are known to be effective.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[5] The stability of polymer solar cells can be improved in variousw ays; [3,4,[6][7][8][9] for example,i nterlayer [10] and rapid-drying blade coating are known to be effective. [5,11,12] Many studies have only trackedt he decay of efficiency for af ew hundred hours. [4,7,9,12] However,f or practical purposes, thousands of hours of tracking is minimum.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[4,7,9,12] However,f or practical purposes, thousands of hours of tracking is minimum. [11,13] Althoughl ong-term stable polymer solar cellsh ave been reportedp reviously,s ome inadequacies still remain: (1) the initial powerc onversion efficiencies (PCEs) of these devices are generally low; (2) stability tests are usually performed at room temperature (RT), which is very different from the actual operating temperature for solar panels (35-55 8C). To our knowledge,t he development of high-performance (PCE > 5.5 %) and long-term stable PSCs under thermalaging conditions (ca.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Thermally Stable High‐Performance Polymer Solar Cells Enabled by Interfacial Engineering

et al. 2018

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Interfacial engineering plays an important role in determining the performance and stability of polymer solar cells (PSCs). In this study, thermally stable highly efficient PSCs are fabricated by incorporating a solution-processed cathode interfacial layer (CIL), including 4,4'-({[methyl(4-sulfonatobutyl)ammonio]bis(propane-3,1-diyl)}bis(dimethylammoniumdiyl))bis(butane-1-sulfonate) (MSAPBS) and polyethylenimine (PEI). For PSCs based on blends of poly{4,8-bis[5-(2-ethylhexyl)thiophen-2-yl]benzo[1,2-b;4,5-b']dithiophene-2,6-diyl-alt-[4-(2-ethylhexyl)-3fluorothieno[3,4-b]thiophene-2-carboxylate-2,6-diyl]} (PBDTTT-EFT) and [6,6]-phenyl C -butyric acid methyl ester (PC BM), the maximum power conversion efficiency (PCE) of inverted PSCs reaches 8.1 % and 7.2 % for MSAPBS and PEI CILs, respectively. The inverted PEI devices exhibit remarkable stability (lifetime >6000 h) under accelerated thermal aging (at 80 °C in ambient environment), which is much superior to that of the device with commonly used LiF CIL (lifetime≈33 h). This stability represents the best result reported for PSCs. The promising results based on this strategy can stimulate further work on the development of novel CILs for PSCs and pave the way towards the realization of commercially viable PSCs with high performance and long-term stability.

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Section: Inverteddevice Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Thermally Stable High‐Performance Polymer Solar Cells Enabled by Interfacial Engineering

et al. 2018

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A Simple Cu(II) Polyelectrolyte as a Method to Increase the Work Function of Electrodes and Form Effective p‐Type Contacts in Perovskite Solar Cells

Ali

Ahn

Khawaja

et al. 2021

Adv Funct Materials

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One effective strategy to improve the performance of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) is to develop new hole transport layers (HTLs). In this work, a simple polyelectrolyte HTL, copper (II) poly(styrene sulfonate) (Cu:PSS), which comprises easily reduced Cu2+ counter‐ions with an anionic PSS polyelectrolyte backbone is investigated. Photoelectron spectroscopy reveals an increase in the work function of the anode and upward band bending effect upon incorporation of Cu:PSS in PSC devices. Cu:PSS shows a synergistic effect when mixed with polyethylenedioxythiophene: polystyrenesulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) in various proportions and results in a decrease in the acidity of PEDOT:PSS as well as reduced hysteresis in completed devices. Cu:PSS functions effectively as a HTL in PSCs, with device parameters comparable to PEDOT:PSS, while mixtures of Cu:PSS with PEDOT:PSS shows greatly improved performance compared to PEDOT:PSS alone. Optimized devices incorporating Cu:PSS/PEDOT:PSS mixtures show an improvement in efficiency from 14.35 to 19.44% using a simple CH3NH3PbI3 active layer in an inverted (P‐I‐N) geometry, which is one of the highest values yet reported for this type of device. It is expected that this type of HTL can be employed to create p‐type contacts and improve performance in other types of semiconducting devices as well.

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Carbonized Bamboo‐Derived Carbon Nanodots as Efficient Cathode Interfacial Layers in High‐Performance Organic Photovoltaics

Juang

Kao

Wang

et al. 2018

Adv Materials Inter

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have been demonstrated as efficient IFmodified layer for OPV applications, [2] including self-organized molecules, [3] conjugated materials, [2b] ionic compounds (e.g., electrolytes), [4] metal oxides, [1g,5] and nonconjugated organic materials. [6] Typically, the mechanism through which the PCE is improved relies on (i) passivation of interfaces to suppress carrier recombination, [7] (ii) enhanced carrier extraction, [8] (iii) enhancing interfacial dipoles and modifying the work function (built-in dipole) of the electrode to ensure better energy levels alignment, [9] (iv) smoothing the surface of the substrate, [10] and (v) optimizing the blend film morphology. [11] Carbon nanodots (CNDs) are interesting carbon nanomaterials for optoelectronic applications because of their strong luminescence emissions, good water solubility, tunable optical and electronic properties, and photochemical stability. [12] CNDs typically comprise sp 2 -hybridized carbon atoms and present oxygen-containing functional groups (e.g., epoxy, ether, carbonyl, hydroxyl, carboxylic acid) on their surfaces. These oxygen-rich functionalities impart the CNDs with high water dispersibility and make them ready for modification with organic, inorganic, or biological materials. [13] CNDs exhibit interesting photoluminescence (PL) properties because of their sizes, edge shapes, and surface functional groups, and have demonstrated potential applicability in sensing, catalysis, biolabeling, photovoltaic devices, optoelectronic devices, and energy storage. [13d,e,14] CNDs have been employed as active layers, electrolytes, dopants, hole transporting layers, and interfacialmodified layers (IFLs) for dye-sensitized organic and perovskite solar cells. [12] Chen and co-workers first demonstrated the use of amino-based CNDs as efficient zinc oxide (ZnO) or Al-doped ZnO IFLs for OPVs and observed improvements in PCE of up to 10.24%. [13c] Yang et al. used CNDs as a cathode [indium tin oxide (ITO)]-modifying layer that enhanced the interfacial dipole, thereby decreasing the work function (WF) of the electrode and increasing the performance of derived OPV devices from 4.14% to 8.13% when using a poly [4,8bis(5-(2-ethylhexyl)thien-2-yl)benzo [1,2-b:4,5-b′-dithiopheneco-3-fluorothieno[3,4-b] thiophene-2-carboxylate](PTB7-Th)/ phenyl-C 71 -butyric acid methyl ester (PC 71 BM) blend film as the active layer. [15] These previous studies highlight the potential emerging applications of CNDs as IFLs. CNDs can be prepared

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Polyethylenimine Interfacial Layers in Inverted Organic Photovoltaic Devices: Effects of Ethoxylation and Molecular Weight on Efficiency and Temporal Stability

Cited by 76 publications

References 66 publications

Thermally Stable High‐Performance Polymer Solar Cells Enabled by Interfacial Engineering

Thermally Stable High‐Performance Polymer Solar Cells Enabled by Interfacial Engineering

A Simple Cu(II) Polyelectrolyte as a Method to Increase the Work Function of Electrodes and Form Effective p‐Type Contacts in Perovskite Solar Cells

Carbonized Bamboo‐Derived Carbon Nanodots as Efficient Cathode Interfacial Layers in High‐Performance Organic Photovoltaics

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