Polylactide/cellulose nanocrystals: The in situ polymerization approach to improved nanocomposites

Gazzotti, Stefano; Farina, H.; Lesma, Giordano; Rampazzo, Riccardo; Piergiovanni, Luciano; Ortenzi, Marco Aldo; Silvani, Alessandra

doi:10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2017.07.014

Cited by 43 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…The first peak was related decomposition of the negatively charged sulfate groups on CNCs and the second peak can be related to depolymerization of cellulose in competition with dehydration. These observations are corroborated by another study on cellulose nanomaterials treated with sulfuric acid . Table presents thermal characteristics of PLA and nanocomposites obtained from TGA and DTG curves.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 77%

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Green esterification: A new approach to improve thermal and mechanical properties of poly(lactic acid) composites reinforced by cellulose nanocrystals

Shojaeiarani

Bajwa

Stark

2018

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Cellulose nanocrystal (CNCs)‐reinforced poly(lactic acid) (PLA) nanocomposites were prepared using twin screw extrusion followed by injection molding. Masterbatch approach was used to achieve more efficient dispersion of CNCs in PLA matrix. Modified CNCs (b‐CNCs) were prepared using benzoic acid as a nontoxic material through a green esterification method in a solvent‐free technique. Transmission electron microscopy images did not exhibit significant differences in the structure of b‐CNCs as compared with unmodified CNCs. However, a reduction of 6.6–15.5% in the aspect ratio of b‐CNCs was observed. The fracture surface of PLA‐b‐CNCs nanocomposites exhibited rough and irregular pattern which confirmed the need of more energy for fracture. Pristine CNCs showed a decrease in the thermal stability of nanocomposites, however, b‐CNCs nanocomposites exhibited higher thermal stability than pure PLA. The average storage modulus was improved by 38 and 48% by addition of CNCs and b‐CNCs in PLA, respectively. The incorporation of b‐CNCs increased Young's modulus, ultimate tensile stress, elongation at break, and impact strength by 27.02, 10.90, 4.20, and 32.77%, respectively, however, CNCs nanocomposites exhibited a slight decrease in ultimate strength and elongation at break. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018, 135, 46468.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 77%

“…In most of the chemical surface modification techniques, hazardous, and toxic solvents and reactants are used to alter the hydrophilicity character of the CNCs. In addition, a small number of studies have reported some improvement in the CNCs dispersion through the polymeric matrix using different manufacturing process …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Green esterification: A new approach to improve thermal and mechanical properties of poly(lactic acid) composites reinforced by cellulose nanocrystals

Shojaeiarani

Bajwa

Stark

2018

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…In general, the greater is the adhesion of polymer chains onto nanocrystals surface, the lower is the mobility for chains themselves, with consequent slowing in crystals formation. At higher loadings CSN act as anchoring agents for polymeric chains making it difficult to form crystals …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of silk nano‐disc dispersion on mechanical, thermal, and barrier properties of poly(lactic acid) based bionanocomposites

Patwa

Kumar

Katiyar

2018

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Exacerbated environmental concerns about petroleum‐based plastics provide the impetus to foster sustainable poly(lactic acid) (PLA) based food packaging. Nonetheless, PLA has its foibilities such as its brittleness, higher gas permeability, and slow crystallization. With the intent to mitigate the above shortcomings, we report a maiden effort for the fabrication of PLA/crystalline silk nano‐discs (CSNs) based bionanocomposites by melt‐extrusion for high temperature engineering and food packaging applications. Acid hydrolyzed silk fibroin from muga silk (Antheraea assama) yields CSNs, a crystalline hydrophobic discotic nanofiller with diameter of ∼50 nm and thickness ∼3 nm. At optimum loadings of 1 wt % uniform dispersed CSNs with percolated network structures covering the entire matrix can be seen. Due to enhanced crystal nucleation density, water vapor, and oxygen permeability reduced by ∼30% and ∼70%, respectively. Enhancement in toughness, percentage elongation, and tensile strength up to ∼65%, ∼40%, and ∼10%, respectively, is obtained. Onset of thermal decomposition for the PLA/CSN improved ∼10 °C, confirming the role of CSN in enhancing melt stability. Accordingly, this investigation renders a novel non‐invasive approach for increasing the crystallinity with improvement in thermomechanical and barrier properties which make this bionanocomposite, a promising candidate for food packaging applications. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018, 135, 46671.

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“…Incorporation of nanofillers as reinforcements into PLA matrix has been proved as an effective way to tailor the properties of composites . Among many nanofillers employed as nano‐reinforcements for biopolymers, cellulose nanowhiskers are gaining increasing interest as a small amount of them can improve the toughness of PLA and maintain the fully degradable and transparent properties of the composite . These composites can be processed like pure PLA and used in diverse fields such as packaging applications (e.g., films, plates, fibers) and medical devices (e.g., screws, scaffolds, bones) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hossain et al attached cellulose nanowhiskers to the surface of wire‐drawn PLA and found that the mechanical properties and cell biocompatibility greatly improved; Fortunati et al extracted cellulose nanowhiskers from Posidonia oceanica , with a silane modified surface, and found that the elongation at break improved 100.9%. Gazzotti et al grafted CNW onto PLA by in situ polymerization and found improvements in their thermal stability, rheological properties and storage modulus with respect to the standard PLA. In our previous study, bamboo cellulose nanowhisker (BCNW) from moso bamboo residues were extracted; its physical and chemical properties were characterized in detail .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical, thermal, and morphological properties of PLA biocomposites toughened with silylated bamboo cellulose nanowhiskers

Qian

et al. 2018

Polymer Composites

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To improve the surface compatibility between hydrophobic poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and hydrophilic bamboo cellulose nanowhiskers (BCNWs), four commercial available silane coupling agents were employed to modify their interfaces with different concentrations (0, 1, 8, and 16 wt%). PLA/BCNW biocomposite films were fabricated by solution casting. The effects of silylated BCNW on the thermal, mechanical, and morphological properties of PLA biocomposites were investigated. The coupled reaction between coupling agents and cellulose via Si‐O‐C bonding and hydrogen bonding was confirmed. Both, tensile strength and tensile modulus, decreased with the four silane treatments. The maximum elongation at break values increased to 213.8, 111.3, 255.3, and 209.8% after 16 wt% A‐151, 8 wt% A‐1100, 8 wt% A‐174, and 8 wt% A‐189 silane treatments, respectively, with respect to 12.4% of the untreated composite. A wire‐drawing phenomenon was observed on the tensile fractural surface. Glass transition temperature and crystallinity decreased after the surface modifications. POLYM. COMPOS., 40:3012–3019, 2019. © 2018 Society of Plastics Engineers

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Polylactide/cellulose nanocrystals: The in situ polymerization approach to improved nanocomposites

Cited by 43 publications

References 43 publications

Green esterification: A new approach to improve thermal and mechanical properties of poly(lactic acid) composites reinforced by cellulose nanocrystals

Green esterification: A new approach to improve thermal and mechanical properties of poly(lactic acid) composites reinforced by cellulose nanocrystals

Effect of silk nano‐disc dispersion on mechanical, thermal, and barrier properties of poly(lactic acid) based bionanocomposites

Mechanical, thermal, and morphological properties of PLA biocomposites toughened with silylated bamboo cellulose nanowhiskers

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